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31.
Thiago Batista Firmato de Almeida Hilário Júnior de Almeida Renato de Mello Prado Deyvid Diego Carvalho Maranhão Lucas Sanches Politi 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2017,48(13):1616-1625
Soy is to one of the main crops in the world. However, there are aspects related to its management that should be explained, especially regarding its mineral nutrition, because a proper nutritional balance is associated with productivity levels. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accumulation of nutrients in the tissues related to the deficiency of nutrients and its effects on plant development. In addition, nutritional disorder symptoms were evaluated according to the deficiency of macronutrients. For this, seven treatments were evaluated. They comprised a complete nutrient solution followed by deficiency of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulfur (S) in a completely randomized design with three replications. Plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, stem diameter, relative chlorophyll content, and production of dry matter of soybean plants were evaluated. The deficiency of any macronutrient affects biometric variables, especially the production of dry matter. The nutrients that limited the most the production of dry matter were Ca>N>K>Mg>P > S. With the exception of S, all other macronutrients, when suppressed, caused nutritional disorder symptoms. The plants presented an accumulation of K > N>Ca>P>Mg>S in leaves. In the present study, soybean plants had a high nutritional requirement of K followed by N. This requires care in the development of fertilization programs in view of the essential roles these nutrients play in the life cycle of plants.
Abbreviations: N_Nitrogen; P_Phosphorus; K_Potassium; Ca_Calcium; Mg_Magnseium; S_Sulfur; DM_Dry matter; NL_number of leaves; H_plant height; SD_stem diameter; RCI_Relative chlorophyll index; AP_Aerial part; R_Roots; EP_Entire plant; DMS_significant mean difference; CV_Coefficient of variation; pH_hydrogen potential; NaOH_sodium hydroxide; HCl_hydrochloric acid. 相似文献
32.
Silva LC Sanches AA Gregori F Brandão PE Alfieri AA Headley SA Jerez JA 《Research in veterinary science》2012,93(2):1066-1069
This study investigated the occurrence of rotavirus infections in ostriches (Struthio camelus) reared in Northern Paraná, Brazil. Fecal (n=66) and serum (n=182) samples from nine farms located in four different cities were analyzed by silver stained-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (ss-PAGE), RT-PCR assay, virus isolation, and counterimmunoelectroosmophoresis (CIE). Rotavirus group A seropositivity occurred in 5.49% (10/182) of serum samples of ostriches originated from two farms. Only 9.09% (6/66) of fecal samples from ostriches with diarrhea maintained in one farm were positive by ss-PAGE, RT-PCR, and virus isolation. The G (VP7) and P (VP4) genotypes of rotavirus wild strains isolated in cell culture were determined by multiplex-nested PCR. The genotyping identified two rotavirus strains: G6P[1] and G10P[1]. In three rotavirus strains it was only possible to identify the P type; one strain being P[1] and two strains that presented the combination of P[1]+P[7]. These findings might represent the first characterization of rotavirus in ostriches, and the finding of porcine and bovine-like rotavirus genotypes in ostriches might suggest virus reassortment and possible interspecies transmission. 相似文献
33.
Marcelo Machado Severo Luis Fernando Glasenapp de Menezes Fernando Kuss Wagner Paris Ruan Crespi Haveroth Guilherme B. Souto Ariadny Cristhina Sanches 《Animal Science Journal》2023,94(1):e13803
The aim was to evaluate the effect of different rates of weight gain during the backgrounding on animal performance and carcass and meat characteristics of steers finished in feedlots. Thirty-six Angus steers, 12 ± 2 months of age, were backgrounded during 91 days on Aruana grass pasture (Panicum maximum cv. Aruana) managed under different stocking rates to achieve three different weight gains: HIGH ADG (average daily gain)—no feed restriction (ADG = 0.846 kg); MEDIUM ADG—moderate feed restriction (ADG = 0.456 kg); and LOW ADG—high feed restriction (ADG = 0.154 kg). To ensure the difference in ADG, we offered 0.7% live weight of concentrate feed in the HIGH treatment and a better forage supply in the MEDIUM treatment. After the backgrounding, the animals were finished in feedlot. There was no effect of the previous performance on the animals' performance in the feedlot. The LOW presented higher weight (218.9 vs. 207.9 kg) and hot (54.0% vs. 51.3%) and cold (53.5% vs. 50.5%) carcass yield than the MEDIUM, besides presenting meat with less cooking losses (15.0% vs. 18.2%), marbling (7 vs. 4.0 points), palatability (7.1 vs. 6.3 points), juiciness (7.2 vs. 6.4 points), tenderness (7.1 vs. 6.3 points), and lower shear force (5.78 vs. 8.75 kg) than HIGH. LOW ADG steers stay longer in the finishing phase but presented in general better quality carcass and meat than those with MEDIUM or HIGH during the backgrounding. 相似文献
34.
Semen characteristics of Colossoma macropomum from three successive sample collections in the same reproductive cycle 
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下载免费PDF全文 Luana Barbosa Pires Eduardo Antonio Sanches Elizabeth Romagosa Ruy Alberto Caetano Corrêa Filho Danilo Pedro Streit Junior Rosiane Araujo Rodrigues Nass Jayme Aparecido Povh 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(9):5104-5110
The objective of this work was to evaluate the semen characteristics of C. macropomum fish from three successive semen sample collections taken during the same reproductive cycle. Six breeders (6.4 ± 1.5 kg) induced with crude carp pituitary extract (2.5 mg kg?1) were used. Samples of semen were collected in graduated syringes after a period of 260 degree‐hours. The semen was collected from the same males in September 2014 (sample 1), December 2014 (64 days after the first collection – sample 2) and February 2015 (86 days after the second collection – sample 3). The semen volume was higher (P < 0.05) in the sample 1 (6.7 mL) and sample 2 (3.4 mL) than in the sample 3 (1.0 mL). Sperm concentration and normal sperm did not significantly differ between samples. Likewise, sperm motility, curvilinear velocity, displacement velocity, oscillation and beat cross frequency did not vary, whereas straight‐line velocity, straightness and progression were higher (P < 0.05) in sample 2 (December). In general, despite lower amounts, the semen appeared to be of good quality for all three samples collected during the same reproductive period. 相似文献
35.
Denis Rogrio Sanches Alves Suzana Raquel de Oliveira Thiago Gabriel Luczinski Wilson Rogrio Boscolo Fbio Bittencourt Altevir Signor Denise Trevisoli Detsch 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(4):1681-1688
The experiment was conducted with the aim of determining the attractability and palatability of liquid protein hydrolysates for Nile tilapia. Five experimental diets were formulated containing 5% inclusion of fishmeal (FPE; positive control), 5% inclusion of liquid protein hydrolysate of porcine mucosa (PHM), 5% inclusion of liquid protein hydrolysate of poultry (PHF), 5% inclusion of liquid fish oil (OPE) and a diet without fishmeal (negative control). Five juveniles (2.51 ± 0.13 g) were distributed in 10 L tanks, and the animals were fed five times a day, with a previous draw being made of the offered diets. The same amount of pellets was offered and the following feeding behaviours were evaluated with the aid of three‐minute footages per feeding: time to capture first pellet, number of rejections, number of approaches without capturing the pellet and number of consumed pellets. None of the observed parameters displayed significant differences (p > .05), and all diets presented negative palatability indexes in comparison to FPE. The SPE diet provided a attractability and palatability index of 6.17%, while OPE index was 2.87%, PHM 2.82% and PHF 2.74%. Both PHF and PHM reduced the final consumption of pellets in comparison to FPE in approximately 28% and 20%, respectively, although it did not present significant values. 相似文献
36.
Soares TS Watanabe RM Tanaka-Azevedo AM Torquato RJ Lu S Figueiredo AC Pereira PJ Tanaka AS 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,187(3-4):521-528
Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus is an ectoparasite responsible for an important decrease in meat, milk and leather production, caused both by cattle blood loss and by the transmission of anaplasmosis and babesiosis. R. microplus is a rich source of serine protease inhibitors, including the trypsin inhibitors BmTI-A and BmTI-6, the subtilisin inhibitor BmSI, and the recently described thrombin inhibitor, boophilin. Boophilin is a double Kunitz-type thrombin inhibitor, with the unusual ability to form a ternary complex with a second (non-thrombin) serine proteinase molecule. The large-scale expression and purification of boophilin and of its isolated N-terminal (D1) domain in Pichia pastoris, its expression profile, and the effect of RNAi-mediated gene silencing in tick egg production are reported. Full-length boophilin and D1 were expressed at 21 and 37.5mg/L of culture, respectively. Purified boophilin inhibited trypsin (K(i) 0.65 nM), neutrophil elastase (K(i) 21 nM) and bovine thrombin (K(i) 57 pM), while D1 inhibited trypsin and neutrophil elastase (K(i) of 2.0 and 129 nM, respectively), but not thrombin. Boophilin gene silencing using RNAi resulted in 20% reduction in egg weight production, suggesting that the expression of boophilin in this life stage would be important but not vital, probably due to functional overlap with other serine proteinase inhibitors in the midgut of R. microplus. Considering our data, Boophilin could be combining with other antigen in a vaccine production for tick control. 相似文献
37.
Erick Espinoza-Núñez Francisco de Assis Alves Mourão Filho Eduardo Sanches Stuchi Tatiana Cantuarias-Avilés Carlos Tadeu dos Santos Dias 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011
Faced with new challenges, such as emerging diseases, shortening of orchard longevity, and larger social and environmental demands from consumers, practices such as rootstock diversification, irrigation and high density plantings have become relevant for the Brazilian citrus industry. This research had the objective to evaluate the performance of irrigated and non-irrigated ‘Tahiti’ lime trees grafted on 12 rootstocks and one interstock. Plots were distributed following a randomized block design, with four replicates and one plant per plot. Rootstocks influenced plant vigor, especially ‘Flying Dragon’ trifoliate, which reduced tree height by approximately 47% compared to the ‘Rangpur’ lime. Trees that were budded on more vigorous rootstocks showed higher yield when grown without irrigation than with irrigation. The ‘1646’ citradia and ‘Morton’ citrange rootstocks performed particularly well. On the other hand, the plants on less vigorous rootstocks showed better performance in terms of yield under irrigation than the same combinations without irrigation, especially those grafted on the tetraploid ‘Carrizo’ and ‘Troyer’ citranges, ‘Swingle’ citrumelo, ‘Davis A’ trifoliate and ‘Flying Dragon’ trifoliate. Plants budded on the ‘1708’ citradia had high yields under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions. The effect of interstock on plant vigor was dependent of rootstock. Interstocked plants on ‘Davis A’ trifoliate were higher than those without interstock. On the other hand, interstocked plants on Catania 2 ‘Volkamer’ lemon were less vigorous than those without interstock. 相似文献
38.
Twenty-four beef steers (predominantly Angus x Hereford, 14 to 18 mo of age, 403 +/- 3 kg of BW), were housed and fed in individual pens for about 122 d. Twelve steers came from a herd that had been selected for growth (high growth; HG) and the other 12 from a herd with no selection program (low growth; LG). Another 6 steers (3 from each group) were slaughtered at the beginning to obtain the initial composition. All steers were fed the same corn-based diet (3.06 Mcal of ME/kg of DM, 13.6% CP) on an ad libitum basis. Two weeks before slaughter, total urine was collected for 5 d for estimation of 3-methylhistidine excretion and myofibrillar protein breakdown rates. Compared with LG steers, HG steers had less initial BW but greater final BW, DMI (7.52 vs. 6.37 kg/d), ADG (1.33 vs. 0.853 kg/d), G:F (0.176 vs. 0.133 kg/kg), ME intake (0.233 vs. 0.201 Mcal x kg of BW(0.75) x d(-1)), and retained energy (RE; 0.0711 vs. 0.0558 Mcal x kg of BW(0.75) x d(-1)); gained more fat (676 vs. 475 g/d); and tended to gain more whole body protein (100 vs. 72 g/d), with no difference in residual feed intake (RFI). Estimated net energetic efficiency of gain (k(g)) and ME for maintenance (ME(m)) did not differ between the 2 groups, averaging 0.62 and 0.114, respectively. The HG steers had greater HCW (350 vs. 329 kg), backfat (16.1 vs. 11.6 mm), and yield grades (3.53 vs. 2.80), with a similar dressing percent, KPH fat, LM area, and marbling score. Skeletal muscle protein gain (70.2 vs. 57.6 g/d) and fractional protein accretion rate (0.242 vs. 0.197%/d) tended to be greater in HG than in LG steers. Steers were classified into low (-0.367 kg/d) and high (0.380 kg/d) RFI classes. Compared with the high RFI steers, low RFI steers consumed less DM (6.61 vs. 7.52 kg/d) and ME (0.206 vs. 0.234 Mcal x kg of BW(0.75) x d(-1)) and tended to gain less fat (494 vs. 719 g/d), but were similar for initial and final BW, ADG, G:F, protein gain, HCW, dressing percent, backfat, KPH fat, LM area, marbling score, and yield grade, as well as for all observations related to myofibrillar protein metabolism. Residual feed intake may be positively [corrected] correlated with ME for maintenance. The maintenance energy requirement increased by 0.0166 Mcal x kg(-0.75) x d(-1) for each percentage increase in fractional protein degradation rate, confirming the importance of this process in the energy economy of the animal. 相似文献
39.
Marcelo F. da Silva Rebeca S. de Araújo Diehgo T. da Silva Osimar Sanches Igor Hamoy Edilson Matos 《Journal of fish diseases》2019,42(6):905-912
Ninety‐seven specimens of spotfin hatchetfish, Thoracocharax stellatus, an ornamental freshwater species from the Amazon basin, were captured in the basin of the Guamá River in the municipality of Belém, in northern Brazil, and analysed for coccidiosis infection. Overall, 26 of the specimens were infected by apicomplexan parasites of the genus Goussia, with unsporulated forms being found in the gastric epithelium and sporulated forms in the intestinal lumen. The spheroid oocysts (mean diameter: 13.2 ± 1.7 μm) have four elliptical sporocysts. A partial sequence of the SSU rDNA of the new species was obtained, which contained 1,121 base pairs, with 43.8% guanine + cytosine (G + C), and the bases distributed as follows: A = 28.1%, C = 18.3%, G = 25.5% and T = 28.1%. The combined analysis of the morphometric and phylogenetic evidence confirmed that the specimens represented the genus Goussia and were allocated to a new species, Goussia guamaensis n. sp., which is described here. 相似文献
40.
Otvio Mesquita de Sousa Nayara Yoshimini de Oliveira Vanessa Villanova Kuhnen Eduardo Gomes Sanches 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(10):3009-3016
Salt‐water recirculation systems using automatic feeders are a new frontier for marine aquaculture. The definition of the feed frequency is fundamental for the correct use of automatic feeders. Different feeding frequencies (1, 3, 6, 12 and 18 times a day) using automatic feeders were evaluated in two experiments on the performance of the dusky grouper (Epinephelus marginatus) in salt‐water recirculation system. In the first experiment, three feeding frequencies were evaluated: feeding once a day; three times a day and six times a day. In the second experiment, three feeding frequencies were evaluated: feeding six times a day; 12 times a day and 18 times a day. Waters parameters (temperature, salinity, oxygen level, total ammonia, pH and oxidation‐reduction potential) were maintained at specific ranges for the species. Among all the evaluated frequencies, 12 times a day provided the best productive performance, obtaining superior results for final weight, final biomass, specific growth rate and daily weight gain. For juveniles of the dusky grouper, the ideal feeding frequency is regular feedings every 2 hours, which is impractical to run without the use of automatic feeders. 相似文献