Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of canine chromogranin A by use of immunological cross-reactivity of rabbit anti-bovine chromogranin A antibody     

Akiyoshi H  Aoki M  Kumagai D  Saleh N  Noda K  Shimada T  Sugii S  Ohashi F 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(5):535-537

Bovine and canine chromogranin A were extracted and purified from each specie's adrenal glands. Isolated bovine 70 kDa protein showed 100% identity to bovine CgA reported previously, whereas isolated canine 68 kDa protein showed 83.3% identity to bovine CgA by the NH(2)-terminal amino acid sequence analysis. Rabbit antibody to purified bovine protein (CgA) was found to immunologically cross-reacted with purified canine protein (CgA). In sandwich ELISA with anti-bovine CgA, concentration-dependent curves were obtained ranging from 0.3 to 20 mug/ml for canine CgA. From these findings, sandwich ELISA with anti-bovine CgA is found to be useful to determine the concentration of canine CgA.  相似文献   

Evaluation of fetal growth and estimation of fetal age based on skeletal growth in Hokkaido sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis Heude, 1884)     

Kobayashi A  Onuma M  Yokoyama M  Suzuki M  Uno H  Ohtaishi N 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(12):1535-1542

We investigated fetal development and the estimation of fetal age of 127 Hokkaido sika deer fetuses, categorizing them into three groups according to the nutritional condition of populations. The order and time of the appearance of ossification centers were clarified, and fetal age was determined based on bone length and the appearance of ossification centers. Then we observed the differences in fetal growth among three populations, and discussed the effect of poor nutrition on the fetal growth. The results suggest that fetal diaphysial length of the femur was affected very little by nutritional conditions, whereas conception dates were delayed and fetal weight was restricted as the nutritional condition became poorer. Although it is impossible to know the exact accurate fetal age in wild populations, it was possible to create a standard to estimate fetal age more precisely by the method described in this study. Both the bone length and the appearance of ossification centers are reliable indices to estimate fetal age precisely in measurements available from fetuses of unknown age, and can be applied to estimate the fetal age of other populations of sika deer, whereas estimation of fetal age based on weight is prone to great errors.  相似文献   

Feed intake,digestibility, nitrogen utilization,ruminal condition and blood metabolites in wethers fed ground bamboo pellets cultured with white‐rot fungus (Ceriporiopsis subvermispora) and mixed with soybean curd residue and soy sauce cake     

Michimasa Oguri  Kanji Okano  Hajime Ieki  Masayuki Kitagawa  Osamu Tadokoro  Yoshinori Sano  Kazato Oishi  Hiroyuki Hirooka  Hajime Kumagai 《Animal Science Journal》2013,84(9):650-655

Three types of bamboo pellets as a ruminant feed: P1 (ground bamboo (GB) cultured with the fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora (CGB) : soybean curd residue (T) : soy sauce cake (S) in a 5:4:1 ratio on a dry matter (DM) basis); P2 (GB : T : S = 5:4:1 on a DM basis); and P3 (CGB : T : S = 5.5:0.8:3.7 on a DM basis) were prepared. Four wethers were assigned in a 4 × 4 Latin square design experiment to evaluate the applicability of the bamboo pellets. The experimental treatments were C (control): fed alfalfa hay cubes (AC) only, and T1, T2 and T3: fed P1, P2, and P3 with AC by 1:1 on a DM basis, respectively. The digestibility of the DM, organic matter and acid detergent fiber of P1 were significantly higher than those of P2 and P3 (P < 0.05). The total digestible nutrient (TDN) contents of AC, P1, P2 and P3 were 56.5%, 60.2%, 53.2% and 47.0%, respectively. No significant differences in nitrogen retention or ruminal pH and NH₃ were observed among the treatment groups. The results indicate that bamboo pellets cultured with C. subvermispora and mainly mixed with soybean curd residue improved nutritional quality of ground bamboo because of its high digestibility and TDN content.  相似文献   

Biological and chemical stability of garlic-derived allicin     

Fujisawa H  Suma K  Origuchi K  Kumagai H  Seki T  Ariga T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(11):4229-4235

This study verifies the instability of garlic ( Allium sativum L.)-derived allyl 2-propenylthiosulfinate (allicin) in various aqueous and ethanolic solutions as well as in vegetable oil through chemical and biological analyses performed simultaneously. Crushed fresh garlic cloves generated antibacterial activity and chemically detectable allicin, a major antibacterial principle, and both declined on a daily basis in aqueous and ethanolic solutions at room temperature, showing biological and chemical half-lives of about 6 and 11 days, respectively. Allicin was more stable in 20% alcohol than in water, but surprisingly unstable in vegetable oil, with an activity half-life 0.8 h, as estimated from its antibacterial activity toward Escherichia coli, and a chemical half-life of 3.1 h, based on chromatographic quantification. In alcoholic and aqueous extracts, the biological half-life of allicin tended to be longer than the chemical one, suggesting the occurrence of bioactive compounds other than allicin in the extracts.  相似文献   

Parent‐of‐origin effects on carcass traits in Japanese Black cattle     

Kan Okamoto  Kazato Oishi  Ryoichi Nakamura  Atsuko Abe  Keiichi Inoue  Hajime Kumagai  Hiroyuki Hirooka 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2019,136(3):190-198

Variances caused by the differential expression of paternally and maternally imprinted genes controlling carcass traits in Japanese Black cattle were estimated in this study. Data on marbling score (BMS), carcass weight, rib thickness, rib‐eye area (REA) and subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT) were collected from a total of 13,115 feedlot steers and heifers in a commercial population. A sire–maternal grandsire model was used to analyse the data, and then, imprinting parameters were derived by replacing the genetic effect of the dam with the effect of the maternal grandsire in the imprinting model to calculate the genetic parameter estimates. The proportions of the total genetic variance attributable to imprinted genes ranged from 8.7% (SFT) to 35.2% (BMS). The remarkably large imprinting variance of BMS was mainly contributed by maternally expressed inheritance because the maternal contribution of the trait was much larger than that of the paternal trait. The parent‐of‐origin effect originating from maternal gene expression was also observed for REA. The results suggested the existence of genomic imprinting effects on the traits of the Japanese Black cattle. Hence, the parent‐of‐origin effect should be considered for the genetic evaluation of Japanese Black cattle in breeding programmes.  相似文献   

Thymic granulomatous lesions in pigs     

Baba Y  Nakayama H  Yasoshima A  Uetsuka K  Kumagai S  Doi K 《Veterinary pathology》2006,43(6):1037-1040

Rare cases of thymic granulomatous lesions were found in pigs. The lesions consisted of epithelioid cells, multinucleated giant cells, and lymphocytes. Such lesions also were observed in the mesenteric lymph nodes, spleen, kidney, and stomach. The cytoplasm of the majority of giant cells and some epithlioid cells was periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) positive. All cells were positive for vimentin, lysozyme, and desmin. Ultrastructurally, the giant cells were rich in organella and attached to adjacent epithelioid cells by membrane interdigitation. The cells included numerous coated vesicles and granules. No etiologic pathogen, including porcine circovirus type 2, was detected in the lesions. This is the rare case of idiopathic thymic granulomatous lesion in pigs.  相似文献   

The beneficial effects of horse trekking on autonomic nervous activity in experienced rider with no disability          下载免费PDF全文

Akihiro Matsuura  Haruhiro Maruta  Tomohiko Iwatake  Takashi Kumagai  Toshihiko Nakanowatari  Koichi Hodate 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(1):173-179

The aim of this study was to determine whether autonomic nervous activity of a rider with no disability was altered by one practical and applicable horse trekking (HT) exercise. Changes in autonomic nervous activity were analyzed by heart rate variability (HRV). Twenty‐three participants with no disability rode horses along a predetermined HT course at trotting and walking for 60 min. HRV was sampled at 60 min before and immediately, following 60 min, and 120 min after HT. As a control, the same measurements were performed for 22 age‐matched participants during their rest. Only in the HT group, the value of normalized unit in high frequency component (HF nu), an index of parasympathetic nervous activity, was higher at 120 min after treatment than before HT (P < 0.05). The low / high frequency ratio (LF / HF), believed to reflect sympathetic nervous activity, was lower in the HT group than those in the control group at 60 min (P < 0.05) and 120 min after treatment (P < 0.01). These findings suggest that a single HT shifted the autonomic nervous balance of a rider toward parasympathetic dominance. The results obtained by the present study could accelerate the use of horses for human health.  相似文献   

Studies on supplementary desalted mother liquor on digestibility of nutrients,ruminal fermentation,and energy and nitrogen balance in Thai native cattle          下载免费PDF全文

Takashi Sakai  Wanna Angthong  Motoharu Takeda  Kazato Oishi  Hiroyuki Hirooka  Hajime Kumagai 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(9):1337-1345

Four Thai native steers were used to determine the adequate levels of supplementary desalted mother liquor (DML) for energy and nitrogen balances and ruminal fermentation. The crude protein and sodium chloride contents of DML were 25.5% and 60.3% on a dry matter (DM) basis, respectively. A 4 × 4 Latin square design experiment was conducted by adding different amounts of DML to three experimental diets (T1: 1.1%, T2: 2.2%, T3: 3.4% sodium chloride concentration with supplementary DML on a DM basis) and comparing their effects with those of a control diet (C) containing 1.0% commercial salt on a DM basis. The animals were given the experimental diets and rice straw daily at 1.2% and 0.8% of body weight, respectively, on a DM basis. No significant differences in the apparent digestibility of nutrients were observed among treatments. T3 achieved the lowest nitrogen retention (P < 0.05), followed by C, T2 and T1. The ratios of energy retention to gross energy were higher in T1 and T3 than T2, and that in C was lowest (P < 0.05). Supplementary NaCl concentration at 1% and 2% can be replaced with DML without an adverse effect on the digestibility of nutrients or on the nitrogen and energy retention.  相似文献   

Changes in the pH,EC, available P,SOC and TN stocks in a single rice paddy after long-term application of inorganic fertilizers and organic matters in a cold temperate region of Japan     

Weiguo Cheng  Agnes T. Padre  Hiroyuki Shiono  Chizuru Sato  Toan Nguyen-Sy  Keitaro Tawaraya  Katsumi Kumagai 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2017,17(7):1834-1842

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Gas-phase pyrolysis of methyl glucosides and levoglucosan     

Asuka Fukutome  Haruo Kawamoto  Shiro Saka 《Journal of Wood Science》2017,63(3):295-306

Levoglucosan, the major intermediate in cellulose pyrolysis, is stable up to around 500?°C in the gas phase. To study whether this stability is a characteristic property of levoglucosan, the gas-phase reactivity was compared with those of methyl α- and β-glucosides at 200–500?°C (residence time 1.2–2.0 s). The methyl glucosides decomposed even at 200 and 300?°C to form levoglucosan exclusively. This selective transglycosylation was explained with a concerted mechanism. Fragmentation of the glucosides forming C1–C3 carbonyl compounds started at 400?°C, a temperature lower than that of levoglucosan (500?°C). Thus, levoglucosan is a special carbohydrate that is stable in the gas phase, and the stability is explained by the steric hindrance of the bicyclic ring. Formation of the anhydrofuranose isomer and furans was negligible from the gas-phase pyrolysis of these compounds, suggesting that these are produced mainly from the molten-phase pyrolysis. These results show the roles of gas- and molten-phase reactions during carbohydrate pyrolysis, providing insights for upgrading biomass pyrolysis/gasification processes.  相似文献