Evaluation of a method to assess digitally recorded surgical skills of novice veterinary students          下载免费PDF全文

Julie A. Williamson DVM  MSc  AFAMEE  Robin Farrell DVM  Casey Skowron BS  Brigitte A. Brisson DMV  DVSc  DACVS  Stacy Anderson DVM  MVSc  PhD  DACVS‐LA  Dawn Spangler DVM  Jason Johnson DVM  MS  DACT 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2018,47(3):378-384

  相似文献   

Effect of extract of medicinal plants on the labeling of blood elements with Technetium-99m and on the morphology of red blood cells: I--a study with Paullinia cupana     

de Oliveira JF  Avila AS  Braga AC  de Oliveira MB  Boasquevisque EM  Jales RL  Cardoso VN  Bernardo-Filho M 《Fitoterapia》2002,73(4):305-312

Drugs can alter the labeling and the morphology of red blood cells. As Paullinia cupana is used in popular medicine, we evaluated its influence on the labeling process using technetium-99m (Tc-99m). Blood was incubated with P. cupana, stannous chloride and Tc-99m. Samples were centrifuged and plasma (P) and blood cells (BC) were separated and precipitated with trichloroacetic acid. Soluble (SF) and insoluble fractions (IF) were isolated. The morphology of the blood cells was evaluated under an optical microscope. The results showed a significant (P = 0.05) decrease in the uptake of radioactivity for the RBC (97.93 +/- 0.74 to 36.90 +/- 4.71%), in IF-P and in IF-BC due to P. cupana extract. The study of the morphology of the RBC revealed alterations in the shape of these cells. We suggest that the P. cupana effect could be explained by an inhibition of the stannous and pertechnetate ions or oxidation of the stannous ion or by damages in the plasma membrane.  相似文献   

成熟期短时渍水胁迫对烤烟碳氮代谢关键酶及主要碳、氮化合物含量的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李祖良  刘国顺  腊贵晓  何川  赵华武  翟欣 《华北农学报》2012,27(2):175-179

以烤烟云烟97为材料,采用田间试验研究了成熟期短时渍水处理对烤烟碳氮代谢关键酶活性及主要碳、氮化合物含量的影响。结果表明,在烤烟成熟期渍水处理3 d,中部叶片硝酸还原酶活性低于对照,降幅为20.39%;转化酶和淀粉酶活性高于对照,增幅分别为33.14%,56.70%;烟叶淀粉、总氮和烟碱含量有降低趋势,分别下降了2.9,0.74,0.77个百分点,而总糖和还原糖含量有增加趋势,分别上升了1.33,0.46个百分点。说明渍水胁迫使叶片生理代谢紊乱,氮代谢减弱,碳水化合物积累减少。研究结果有助于从生理生化角度揭示成熟期渍水胁迫对烤烟生长和品质形成影响的机制。  相似文献   

Saccharomyces boulardii reduces infection intensity of mice with toxocariasis     

de Avila LF  Conceição FR  Telmo Pde L  Dutra GF  de los Santos DG  Martins LH  Berne ME  da Silva PE  Scaini CJ 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,187(1-2):337-340

Several studies have shown the benefit of the use of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of diseases; however, few of them have investigated the effect of probiotics on parasitosis. In this study, the effect of Saccharomyces boulardii on the intensity of infection of mice with toxocariasis was evaluated. The animals were fed with a diet supplemented with S. boulardii for 15 days before inoculation with Toxocara canis eggs and for 2 or 60 days post-inoculation. S. boulardii promoted a reduction of approximately 36% in the average number of recovered T. canis larvae, suggesting that it can be used as an alternative to help control toxocariasis.  相似文献   

Reproductive Performance of Rabbit Does Artificially Inseminated via Intravaginal Administration of [des-Gly 10, d-Ala6]-LHRH Ethylamide as Ovulation Inductor     

LA Quintela  AI Peña  MD Vega  J Gullón  C Prieto  M Barrio  JJ Becerra  PG Herradón 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(5):829-833

This study was aimed to evaluate the reproductive performance of rabbit does artificially inseminated (AI) with a GnRH analogue [des‐Gly10, d ‐Ala6]‐LHRH. ethylamide to induce ovulation by intravaginal administration, delivered in the seminal dose. In a preliminary experiment, 39 does were divided into three groups (n = 13) that, at the time of AI, received the following ovulation induction treatments: (i) control group: 20 μg of gonadorelin administered intramuscularly; (ii) 25 μg of the GnRH analogue added to the seminal dose; (iii) 30 μg of the GnRH analogue added to the seminal dose. Fertility did not differ between the three groups (control: 80.6%, group 2: 82.8%, group 3: 73.3%). In a second experiment, a large‐scale field trial was conducted to test the use of 25 μg of the GnRH analogue [des‐Gly10, d ‐Ala6]‐LHRH ethylamide delivered in the seminal dose (n = 270) against 20 μg of gonadorelin administered intramuscularly. Fertility was higher (p < 0.05) when ovulation was induced by intravaginal administration of the GnRH agonist (91.1% vs 85.6%). Prolificacy or mortality at birth was never affected by the ovulation induction treatments. In a third experiment, two groups of does [control group (n = 39): ovulation was induced using 20 μg of gonadorelin administered intramuscularly; treatment group (n = 40): ovulation was induced using 25 μg of [(des‐Gly10, d ‐Ala6)‐LHRH ethylamide added to the seminal dose] were inseminated at 42‐day intervals for five successive AI cycles, to test the response to the GnRH agonist after repeated intravaginal administration to the same animals. Fertility and prolificacy were not influenced by the ovulation induction treatment neither there was an interaction between treatment and parity. The last experiment was aimed to determine whether it could be possible to add the GnRH agonist to the semen in the AI Center, just after semen collection and dilution, or it would have to be added in the farm, immediately before AI. Kindling rates did not significantly differ when ovulation was induced by intramuscular injection of gonadorelin (84.5%) or when the GnRH agonist was added to the seminal dose just at the moment (93.8 %) or 24 h before AI (90.4 %), but it was significantly lower when the hormone was added to the semen 32 h before AI (76.3 %). Prolificacy, however, was not influenced by the ovulation induction treatment.  相似文献   

PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF TUMOR HISTOLOGY AND COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC STAGING FOR RADIATION TREATMENT RESPONSE OF CANINE NASAL TUMORS     

WILLIAM M. ADAMS  MIRIAM M. KLEITER  DONALD E. THRALL  JULIA M. KLAUER  LISA J. FORREST  TRACY A. LA DUE  THOMAS C. HAVIGHURST 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2009,50(3):330-335

Prognostic significance of tumor histology and four computed tomography (CT) staging methods was tested retrospectively in dogs from three treatment centers that underwent intent-to-cure-radiotherapy for intranasal neoplasia. Disease-free and overall survival times were available for 94 dogs. A grouping of anaplastic, squamous cell, and undifferentiated carcinomas had a significantly shorter median disease-free survival (4.4 mo) than a grouping of all sarcomas (10.6 months). Disease-free survivals were not significantly different, when all carcinomas were compared with all sarcomas. The published original and modified WHO staging methods did not significantly relate to either survival endpoint. A modified human maxillary tumor staging system previously applied to canine nasal tumors was prognostically significant for both survival endpoints; a further modified version of that CT-based staging system resulted in improved significance for both survival endpoints. Dogs with unilateral intranasal involvement without bone destruction beyond the turbinates on CT, had longest median survival (23.4 months); CT evidence of cribriform plate involvement was associated with shortest median survival (6.7 months). Combining CT and histology statistically improved prognostic significance for both survival endpoints over the proposed CT staging method alone. Significance was lost when CT stages were collapsed to 相似文献   

低氮胁迫下拟南芥低氮耐性突变体lnt1的氮代谢特征     

TENG Yi-Bo  LI Ya-Juan  FANG Ping  LA Gui-Xiao 《土壤圈》2010,20(5):623-632

A growth experiment on agar medium and a hydroponics experiment were carried out to study the nitrogen (N) metabolism of a low-N tolerant mutant (lnt1) of Arabidopsis thaliana under different N levels as compared with the wildtype (WT) Arabidopsis. On the agar medium, no apparent growth differences were observed between the lnt1 and WT plants under a normal N level of 9 mmol L^-1 NO₃^-. However, under a low N level of 0. 18 mmol L^-1 NO₃^-, the growth of the WT plants was greatly retarded, while the lnt1 plants were not affected by low-N stress and showed similar growth with those grown under a normal N level. In the hydroponics experiment, the lnt1 mutant had higher activities of glutamine synthetase (GS) and NADH-dependent glutamate synthase (NADH-GOGAT) in both leaves and roots under N-deficient conditions. Moreover, they accumulated less ammonium (NH₄⁺) but more free amino acids in leaves compared with the WT plants. These observations suggest that better N assimilation might contribute to the low-N tolerant phenotype of the lnt1 mutant.  相似文献   

Analysis of Decadal Time Series in Wet N Concentrations at Five Rural Sites in NE Spain     

Anna Avila  Roberto Molowny-Horas  Benjamín S. Gimeno  Josep Peñuelas 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2010,207(1-4):123-138

Nitrogen emissions have grown in Spain during the last 15 years. As precipitation scavenges gases and aerosols from the atmosphere, an effect on rainwater concentrations can be expected. However, time-series studies on wet N concentrations in the Iberian Peninsula are very scarce. This paper aims to fill this gap by analysing weekly rainfall N concentrations at a set of rural sites in Catalonia (NE Spain) from 1995/1996 to 2007 and a forest site monitored from 1983 to 2007. The sites encompass a range of rural environments and climate conditions, from the inland pre-Pyrenees (Sort) to the Mediterranean coast (Begur) and from north (Sort and Begur) to central (Palautordera and La Castanya) and south Catalonia (La Senia). We found a 1-year cycle for concentrations of NH ₄ ⁺ and NO ₃ ^? whereby higher values were reached at the end of spring–early summer, except at the easternmost coastal site of Begur. Weekly NH ₄ ⁺ concentrations decreased with time at all sites (except at La Senia) whilst NO ₃ ^? concentrations increased at all sites during the same period. Rainfall SO ₄ ^2? concentrations decreased with time at all sites. The opposite trends in NO ₃ ^? and SO ₄ ^2? concentrations determined a shift in the relative acid contribution of those anions during the 12–13-year period. To interpret the increasing trend, mean annual NO ₃ ^? concentrations were regressed against NO₂ Spanish emissions and to some indicators of local anthropogenic activity. The increase at Sort and Palautordera showed good correlation with local anthropogenic indicators. Wet inorganic N deposition ranged between 4.2 and 6.7 kg ha^?1 year^?1. When including estimates of dry deposition, total annual deposition rose up to 10–20 kg ha^?1 year^?1, values that have been found to initiate adverse effects on Mediterranean-type forest ecosystems.  相似文献   

西藏玛旁雍错流域湖泊面积变化及成因分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

拉巴  边多  次珍  拉巴卓玛  陈涛 《干旱区研究》2012,29(6):992-996

利用1975年地形图、1990年、1999-2009年TM卫星遥感影像和近35 a(1975-2009年)气温、降水、积雪日数、蒸发量等气候资料,分析研究了位于西藏阿里地区南部普兰县境内玛旁雍错、拉昂错湖泊面积变化对气候变化的响应。结果表明：在过去35 a里玛旁雍错、拉昂错面积先减少后增加,总体呈减小趋势,到2009年玛旁雍错面积为415.44 km²,拉昂错面积为261.36 km²。与1975年相比2个湖泊面积分别减少了1.56 km²和11.01 km²;受气候变暖的影响,流域附近的冰川面积也在加速退缩。对1975-2009年普兰县气象资料统计分析可知,降水量减少是导致湖泊面积缩小的主要原因,蒸发量不显著的增加及雪冰消融也是近几年湖泊面积波动变化的原因之一。  相似文献   

Reproductive characteristics of grass-fed, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone-immunocastrated Bos indicus bulls     

Hernandez JA  Zanella EL  Bogden R  de Avila DM  Gaskins CT  Reeves JJ 《Journal of animal science》2005,83(12):2901-2907

Two field trials were conducted in Brazil to evaluate LHRH immunocastration of Bos indicus bulls (d 0 = 2 yr of age). In Study I, 72 bulls were assigned randomly to one of three treatment groups: LHRH0-immunized, castrated, and intact. Immunized animals (n = 25) received a primary and two booster injections of ovalbumin-LHRH-7 and thioredoxin-LHRH-7 fusion proteins on d 0, 141, and 287. Twenty-three bulls were surgically castrated on d 141, and 24 served as intact controls. All animals were slaughtered on d 385, at approximately 3 yr of age. In Study II, 216 bulls were assigned randomly to the same three treatments as in Study I; however, because of a drought in the area, bulls were kept on pasture an additional year, and a fourth treatment was added, in which one-half the LHRH-immunized bulls received an additional booster on d 639 (fourth immunization). All animals in Study II were slaughtered on d 741 (4 yr of age). Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone antibodies increased following each immunization for immunized bulls, but they were not detectable in castrate or intact animals in either study. Consequently, scrotal circumference was suppressed in immunized bulls compared with intact controls in both studies. By d 287, serum concentrations of testosterone in LHRH-immunized bulls were decreased compared with intact controls (P < 0.01). In both studies, testes and epididymal weights at slaughter were greater (P < 0.01) for intact (500 +/- 17 and 60 +/- 2 g, respectively) than for immunized bulls (173 +/- 22 and 26 +/- 2 g, respectively) and fourth immunization bulls (78 +/- 23 and 20 +/- 2 g, respectively; Study II). At the end of each study, BW was greater (P < 0.01) for intact bulls than for castrated and LHRH-immunized animals. In these two studies, the efficacy of the LHRH fusion proteins to induce an effect similar to that of surgical castration was considered 92 and 93%, respectively. These data support the concept that immunocastration of bulls at 2 yr of age was successful and that it has practical application as a tool for producing grass-fattened bulls in Brazil.  相似文献