Effect of dietary supplements on cytokine gene expression in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)     

Awad E  Mitchell WJ  Austin B 《Journal of fish diseases》2011,34(8):629-634

  相似文献   

Oil contamination in the Red sea environment     

Hassan Awad 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1989,45(3-4):235-242

A survey of chronic oil pollution sources in the Red Sea and its gulves is given. The Red Sea is suffering from oil pollution along most of its coasts as well as in its offshore waters. Oil inputs from all sources in the Red Sea were estimated and compared with those in the world's oceans. While each km² in the world's oceans receives 9.17 kg yr^?1 of oil, each km² in the Red Sea receives 14.61 kg yr^?1. Oil inputs from refineries was also estimated for the Red Sea. It was found that each km² of the Red Sea receives about 13 times the quantity received by each km² in the world's oceans.  相似文献   

Gynaecomastia and galactorrhea in a goat buck     

RAM AL JASSIM  WA KHAMAS 《Australian veterinary journal》1997,75(9):669-670

  相似文献   

Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction in a dog     

WA LAMB  MP FRANCE† 《Australian veterinary journal》1994,71(3):84-86

SUMMARY A three-year-old neutered female Border Collie was presented with in-appetence, vomiting and diarrhoea. Abdominal radiographs revealed an obstructive pattern but no physical obstruction was evident at laparotomy. A diagnosis of chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction was made based on histopathological changes in intestinal biopsies. Treatment was unsuccessful and the dog deteriorated progressively until euthanased five weeks after presentation.  相似文献   

Influence of deoxynivalenol on the D-glucose transport across the isolated epithelium of different intestinal segments of laying hens     

Awad WA  Razzazi-Fazeli E  Böhm J  Zentek J 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2007,91(5-6):175-180

Deoxynivalenol (DON) decreases glucose absorption in the proximal jejunum of laying hens in vitro and this effect is apparently mediated by the inhibition of the sodium D-glucose co-transporter. DON could modulate the sugar transport of other intestinal regions of chickens. For this purpose, we have measured the effects of DON on the Na(+) D-glucose co-transporter, by addition of DON after and before a glucose addition in the isolated epithelium from chicken duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum and colon by using the Ussing chamber technique in the voltage clamp technique. The data showed in all segments of the gut that the addition of D-glucose on the mucosal side produced an increase in the current (Isc) compared with the basal values, the Isc after glucose addition to the small intestine was greater than the Isc of the large intestine compared with the basal values, specially of the jejunum (p < 0.002), indicating that the jejunum is the segment that is the best prepared for Na(+)-D-glucose co-transport. Further addition of 10 microg DON/ml to the mucosal solution decreased the Isc in all segments and the Isc returned to the basal value, especially in the duodenum and mid jejunum (p < 0.05). In contrast, the addition of 5 mmol D-glucose/l on the mucosal side after incubation of the tissues with DON in all segments had no effect on the Isc (p > 0.05), suggesting that DON previously inhibited the Na(+)D-glucose co-transport. The blocking effects of DON in duodenum and jejunum were greater than the other regions of the gut. It can be concluded that the small intestine of laying hens has the most relevant role in the carrier mediated glucose transport and the large intestine, having non-significant capacity to transport sugars, appears to offer a minor contribution to glucose transport because the surface area is small. The effect of D-glucose on the Isc was reversed by DON in all segments, especially in the duodenum and jejunum, suggesting that DON entirely inhibited Na(+)-D-glucose co-transport. This finding indicates that the inhibition of Na(+) co-transport system in all segments could be an important mode of action for DON toxicity of hens.  相似文献   

瘤胃稳定性脂肪对产后奶牛奶产量、牛奶成份和外周血白细胞数量的影响     

张克春  谭勋  王小龙 《上海交通大学学报(农业科学版)》2006,24(4):345-348

选择经产、胎次相同和产奶量相近的荷斯坦奶牛40头,配对分组设计分为对照组和试验组,每组20头。对照组全程饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂基础日粮 瘤胃稳定性脂肪。结果:瘤胃稳定性脂肪对奶牛采食量无显著影响(P>0.05);试验组牛产奶量显著升高(P<0.05),乳脂率呈上升趋势(P>0.05),但乳蛋白率未见显著变化(P>0.05);试验组奶牛外周血白细胞总数和淋巴细胞数轻度上升(P>0.05),牛奶SCC呈下降趋势(P>0.05)。结果表明,补充瘤胃稳定性脂肪可提高产奶量,对于改善机体免疫机能有一定的作用。  相似文献   

The Seismic Structure of the Sun     

DO Gough  AG Kosovichev  J Toomre  E Anderson  HM Antia  S Basu  B Chaboyer  SM Chitre  J Christensen-Dalsgaard  WA Dziembowski  A Eff-Darwich  JR Elliott  PM Giles  PR Goode  JA Guzik  JW Harvey  F Hill  JW Leibacher  MJPFG Monteiro  O Richard  T Sekii  H Shibahashi  M Takata  MJ Thompson  S Vauclair  SV Vorontsov 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,272(5266):1296-1300

Global Oscillation Network Group data reveal that the internal structure of the sun can be well represented by a calibrated standard model. However, immediately beneath the convection zone and at the edge of the energy-generating core, the sound-speed variation is somewhat smoother in the sun than it is in the model. This could be a consequence of chemical inhomogeneity that is too severe in the model, perhaps owing to inaccurate modeling of gravitational settling or to neglected macroscopic motion that may be present in the sun. Accurate knowledge of the sun's structure enables inferences to be made about the physics that controls the sun; for example, through the opacity, the equation of state, or wave motion. Those inferences can then be used elsewhere in astrophysics.  相似文献   

Effect of different irrigation intervals on water saving,water productivity and grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.) under the double ridge-furrow planting technique     

Abd El-Halim Awad Abd El-Halim  Usama Abd El-Hameid Abd El-Razek 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(5):587-596

Surface irrigation is the traditional irrigation method applied in about 80% of the irrigated area in Egypt with greater water losses leading to profile drainage. The double ridge-furrow planting technique (DRFI) uses a practical way to reduce the applied water quantities. Therefore, field experiments were conducted in 2010 and 2011 (maize growth seasons) to study the effects of DRFI with two irrigation intervals – 7 days and 14 days – on maize yield, water saving, water productivity and some economic parameters such as net return and investment ratio compared with the conventional ridged-furrow planting technique (RFI) with irrigation at 14-day intervals. Optimal irrigation interval for maize under DRFI was also determined. Regardless of irrigation intervals, smaller depth of applied water was observed with DRFI treatments compared to RFI treatment. Consequently, with DRFI treatments, more water could be saved compared with RFI treatment in both seasons. Double ridged-furrow planting with irrigation at 7-day intervals proved superior to increase the grain yield and water productivity compared to the 14-day interval and the conventional treatment. It also increased the investment ratio and net return of maize crop. Therefore, double ridge-furrow planting with irrigation at 7-day intervals will practically be the optimal choice under the conditions of the studied area.  相似文献   

Comparison of soil preparation methods for rice production in the Middle Nile Delta,Egypt     

Abd El-Halim Awad Abd El-Halim  Mahmoud Mohamed Ibrahim 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(5):673-680

Field experiments were conducted during the summer seasons of 2011 and 2012 in the Middle Delta of Egypt to compare alterations in saving water and grain yield of transplanted rice in clay loam soil after compaction, wet tillage (puddling) and dry tillage (non-puddling). The results indicate that compacted soil gave higher grain yield, higher irrigation water productivity, higher net income, higher benefit–cost ratio, and less water consumption than wet and dry tillage. The results suggest that soil compaction by four passes of steel plank (2 m long and 600 kg weight) before planting rice is beneficial in terms of saving water and net return. In addition, it can be used instead of the non-puddling method under the conditions of the studied area. Therefore, soil compaction can be considered as a pioneering method of pre-planting soil preparation to increase rice yield and to save irrigation water. It is highly recommended to be used by farmers.  相似文献   

Comparison of nutritional and antinutritional factors in soybean and fababean seeds with or without cortex     

Hany El-Shemy  Emam Abdel-Rahim  Omar Shaban  Awad Ragab  Emelia Carnovale  Kounosuke Fujita 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(2):515-524

The composition and contents of nutritional factors such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, fibers, amino acids, and antinutritional factors such as trypsin inhibitors, phytic acid, and tannins were compared in soybean and fababean seeds with emphasis placed on the nutritional improvement of the seeds by cortex removal. Protein hydrolysis analysis for both whole seeds and seed with cortex removed revealed the presence of a large amount of lysine, arginine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, and leucine while these seeds contained a low level of tryptophan, cystine, and methionine. Some antinutritional factors such as trypsin inhibitors, phytic acid, and tannins were detected in soybean and fababean seeds: phytic acid content and trypsin inhibitor activity were higher in soybean seeds than in fababean seeds while the difference in the tannin content was less pronounced. It was found that most of the tannins occurred in the cortex of the soybean and fababean seeds. Tannins are polyphenolic compounds that readily form indigestible complexes with proteins and other macromolecules under specific environmental conditions. By removal of the cortex, tannins were almost completely eliminated without changes in the protein composition and amino acids. From these results, it is assumed that since soybean and fababean seeds contained a high concentration of antinutritional factors in the cortex such as tannins, the utilization of the legume seeds after removal of all of the cortex is suitable for human diet or industrial products.  相似文献