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41.
Kazuki Miyamoto Shiro Okuda Yoshiyuki Inagaki Mahoko Noguchi Takeharu Itou 《Journal of Forest Research》2013,18(3):256-269
We investigated mean leaf retention time in order to elucidate the factors affecting regional and local variations in stand-level leaf longevity in hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) plantations. Our study sites consisted of six stands at a low elevation (320–370 m a.s.l.) and 12 stands at a high elevation (850–970 m a.s.l.) in southwestern Japan. We also used published data on leaf longevity in stands at various elevations to clarify the regional-scale variations in leaf longevity and their relationships to environmental factors. At the regional scale, leaf longevity increased with increasing elevation and with decreasing air temperature, growing season length, and Kira’s warmth index across sites. Similar relationships were obtained for the variation in leaf mass. At the local scale, leaf longevity did not show a clear relationship with topographic position, soil water content, or soil C/N ratio. Contrary to our expectation, leaf longevity was negatively correlated with the leaf C/N ratio at both study sites, although the significance level was marginal. This indicates greater leaf longevity with better leaf nutrient status. Our results suggest that responses of leaf longevity in hinoki cypress stands to environmental factors would be more prominent at the regional scale than at the local scale, although large variation was detected at the local scale. Air temperature and growing season length appear to be the main drivers of the variation in leaf longevity at the regional scale, whereas the causal factors are unclear at the local scale. 相似文献
42.
Omori Keisuke Sakai Toru Miyamoto Jun Itou Akihiko Oo Aung Naing Hirano Akira 《Paddy and Water Environment》2021,19(2):271-281
Paddy and Water Environment - The Ayeyarwady Delta in the Bay of Bengal, the rice bowl of Myanmar, depends on natural conditions, especially rainfall. During the dry season, the delta’s... 相似文献
43.
Sugisawa H Itou T Saito M Moritomo T Miura Y Sakai T 《Veterinary research communications》2003,27(6):453-461
Bovine colostrum and milk contain many immunomodulatory components. The low-molecular-weight fraction (<10 kDa) was separated from colostrum and milk by gel filtration chromatography, and its effect on the oxidative burst of bovine polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) was investigated in vitro. The oxidative burst activity induced by Staphylococcus aureus was considerably enhanced when PMNLs were incubated with this low-molecular-weight fraction. However, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate did not trigger a burst after priming with this fraction. The oxidative burst activity enhanced by this fraction was reduced after heating. These results confirmed that a low-molecular-weight substance(s) of less than 10 kDa, present in bovine milk and colostrum, enhances the oxidative burst activity of PMNL. 相似文献
44.
Sato T Itou T Sakai T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(5):645-648
The complete coding region sequence of equine muscle-type phosphofructokinase (ePFKM) was obtained from skeletal muscle of a thoroughbred horse. The deduced amino acid sequence of ePFKM showed 97%, 96%, 96%, 96% and 95% identity to canine, human, mouse, rabbit and rat PFKM, respectively. The amino and carboxyl terminal halves of ePFKM presented a structure of tandem repeat, as other mammalian PFKMs. As the amino acid residues constituting various ligand-binding sites were also conserved, it is thought that ePFKM has enzymatic activity similar to PFKM in other mammals. 相似文献
45.
Itou T Yoshida Y Shoji Y Sugisawa H Endo T Sakai T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(12):1351-1354
The bottlenose dolphin interleukin (IL)-8 cDNA was molecularly cloned. The dolphin IL-8 has an open reading frame of 303-bp encoding 101 amino acids. The homology of the amino acid sequence with that of other species was: sheep, 89.1%; cattle, 88.1%; pig, 85.1%; dog, 85.1%; horse, 79.2%; human, 74.5%; and macaque, 72.3%. The amino acid sequence suggested that dolphin IL-8 was a CXC chemokine. The recombinant dolphin IL-8 protein was recognized with anti-ovine IL-8 monoclonal antibody. 相似文献
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47.
S‐I Kitamura S‐I Ohtake J‐Y Song S‐J Jung M‐J Oh B‐D Choi K Azumi E Hirose 《Journal of fish diseases》2010,33(2):153-160
‘Soft tunic syndrome’ causes mass mortality in the edible ascidian Halocynthia roretzi in Korean and Japanese aquaculture. In histopathological comparison, there were no specific differences between diseased specimens from Korea and Japan, indicating that soft tunic syndrome occurring in Korea and Japan is the same disease. No bacterial or protozoan cells were microscopically detected in either healthy or diseased tunics suggesting they are not the direct causes of soft tunic syndrome. Attempts were made to isolate virus from affected ascidians taking into account temperature conditions in which soft tunic syndrome is most prevalent in the field. However, no viruses were isolated from diseased or non‐diseased specimens using chinook salmon embryo (CHSE‐214), flounder fin (FFN) or epithelioma papillosum cyprini (EPC) cell lines. 相似文献
48.
Heshiko extract was separated into peptide and amino acid fractions by ion-exchange column chromatography. Heshiko extract and these fractions were administered to rats in a diet enriched with lipid and cholesterol for 30 days. In the heshiko extract group, increase of triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels in plasma
and accumulation of total lipids in the liver were suppressed, while amounts of both lipid and cholesterol excreted to feces
were increased. Administration of heshiko extract tended to increase fecal bile acids and promoted the activity of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme
in the synthesis of bile acid from cholesterol in the liver. However, activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA)
reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the cholesterol synthesis system in the liver, decreased due to regulation by the feedback
of lipid transportation from diet to the liver. The same effect was observed in the peptide and free amino acid fraction groups.
These data suggest that both excretion of cholesterol and bile acid to feces and promotion of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase activity
are related to the hypocholesterolemic effects of heshiko extract and that both peptides and amino acids contribute to that effect. 相似文献
49.
Kobayashi Y Ogawa A Sato G Sato T Itou T Samara SI Carvalho AA Nociti DP Ito FH Sakai T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(10):1097-1100
Seventy-seven rabies virus (RV) isolates originating from Brazilian cattle were genetically characterized. Partial nucleoprotein gene sequences of these isolates were phylogenetically and geographically analyzed. Cattle isolates, which clustered with the vampire bat-related RV group, were further subdivided into nine genetic subgroups. These subgroups were distributed widely in lowland regions, with some subgroups separated from each other by mountain ranges. In addition, separation of the groups in mountainous regions was correlated with altitude. These results indicate that cattle rabies is derived from several regionally-defined variants, which suggests that its geographical distribution is related to that of the vampire bat population. 相似文献
50.
Kobayashi Y Okuda H Nakamura K Sato G Itou T Carvalho AA Silva MV Mota CS Ito FH Sakai T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(11):1145-1154
To investigate the genetic characteristics of phosphoprotein (P) and matrix protein (M) genes of variable rabies virus (RV) prevalent in Brazil, the authors genetically characterized the P and M genes from 30 Brazilian RV field isolates. Phylogenetic analysis based on the P and M genes revealed the presence of six RV variants that consisted primarily of three insectivorous bats, the vampire bat, dog and fox in Brazil. Specific amino acid substitutions corresponding to these phylogenetic lineages were observed, with Asp(42) and Glu(62) in the P protein found to be characteristic of Brazilian chiroptera- and carnivora-related RVs, respectively. Amino acid sequence motifs predicted to associate with a viral function in the P and M proteins were conserved among Brazilian RV variants. 相似文献