BONE SARCOMA FOLLOWING ORTHOVOLTAGE RADIOTHERAPY IN TWO DOGS     

Donald E.  Thrall  DVM  PHD  Michael H.  Goldschmidt  BVMS  MRCVS  †  Sydney M.  Evans  VMD†  Richard R.  Dubielzig  DVM  ‡  K. Ann  Jeglum  VMD† 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1983,24(4):169-173

In two dogs that received orthovoltage radiotherapy, osteosarcoma developed in irradiated bone 38 and 77 months after treatment. Irridiated bone in one dog was presumably normal prior to radiotherapy; irradiated bone in the other was infiltrated by an acanthomatous epulis. Both osteosarcomas were probably radiation induced. Radiation-induced bone sarcoma is an important, but uncommon, complication of radiaotherapy.  相似文献   

Canine Axial Skeletal Osteosarcoma A Retrospective Study of 116 Cases (1986 to 1989)     

STEVEN J. HEYMAN VMD    DAVID L. DIEFENDERFER VMD    MICHAEL H. GOLDSCHMIDT MSc  BVMS  MRCVS  Dipiomate ACVP  CHARLES D. NEWTON DVM  MS  Dipiomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1992,21(4):304-310

Axial skeletal osteosarcomas were evaluated retrospectively in 116 dogs. Thirty-one tumors occurred in the mandible, 26 in the maxilla, 17 in the spine, 14 in the cranium, 12 in the ribs, 10 in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, and 6 in the pelvis. Medium-sized and large dogs were most commonly affected. Females outnumbered males 2.1:1, but this varied with tumor location. The mean age was 8.7 years. Osteosarcomas of the rib occurred in significantly younger dogs (mean age, 5.4 years) than osteosarcomas at any other axial skeletal site. Pulmonary metastasis was diagnosed radiographically in 11.1% of the dogs. The median survival for dogs treated surgically was 22 weeks, the 1-year survival was 26.3%, and the 2-year survival was 18.4%. The tumor recurrence rate was 66.7%. Most dogs (79.6%) died or were euthanatized for problems associated with the primary tumor.  相似文献   

The Influence of Castration on the Development of Prostatic Carcinoma in the Dog 43 Cases (1978–1985)     

Joyce Obradovich DVM    Richard Walshaw BVMS  Eric Goullaud DVM 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1987,1(4):183-187

Prostatic carcinoma (PC) was diagnosed in 43 dogs at the Michigan State University Veterinary Clinical Center (MSU-VCC) between 1978 and 1985. Of the 43 dogs with histologically confirmed PC, 19 (44.19%) had been castrated at least three years prior to the development of any prostatic disease. Seven of the castrates had been neutered at less than 12 months of age. Fourteen dogs (32.55%) were presented as intact males at the time of diagnosis. The remaining ten dogs (23.62%) had been castrated as treatment for presumptive prostatic disease prior to referral to the MSU-VCC. Dates of castration were known in all cases. In this study, therefore, castration at any age showed no sparing effect on the risk of development of PC in the dog. The etiology of PC in the dog may not be exclusively related to testicular hormones. Work in humans suggests that the adrenal and pituitary glands play a significant role in the disease. Preliminary work in dogs supports that nontesticular androgens exert a significant influence on the canine prostate.  相似文献   

CT FEATURES OF ALVEOLITIS AND SINUSITIS IN HORSES     

Wolfgang  Henninger  DR MED VET  E. Mairi Frame    BVMS  DVR  MRCVS  Michael  Willmann  DR MED VET  Hubert  Simhofer  DR MET VET  Dieter  Malleczek  MAG MED VET  Sibylle M.  Kneissl  DR MED VET  Elisabeth  Mayrhofer  PROF DR MED VET 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2003,44(3):269-276

Sinusitis is a common disorder in horses and may result from trauma, dental diseases, or space-occupying lesions. Radiography can only provide a limited amount of information. Computed tomography (CT) has been documented as an alternative imaging method. Eighteen horses (mostly Warmblood) with signs of chronic sinusitis were examined preoperatively with CT to assist in diagnosis of the underlying cause. There was a group of common CT features in horses with dental disease and sinusitis. The first molar was the most frequently affected maxillary cheek tooth. Hypoattenuation of the cementum, destruction of the enamel, and filling of the infundibular cavity with gas were the most frequent CT findings associated with caries. Gas bubbles within the bulging root area or fragmentation of the root in combination with swelling of the adjacent sinus lining were the most important CT features of dental decay. CT findings associated with sinusitis included excessive thickening of the respiratory epithelium in the rostral maxillary sinus; the caudal maxillary sinus was less often involved. The infraorbital canal, the nasomaxillary duct, and the frontomaxillary aperture were usually involved. The maxillary bone, however, especially the facial crest, was involved in nearly every horse, being characterized by endosteal sclerosis, thickening, periosteal reaction, and deformation leading to facial swelling in chronic infections. CT images allowed identification of involvement of individual teeth more clearly to reveal the diseased one for treatment. Three-dimensional imaging allowed improved understanding of the extent and severity of the pathologic change.  相似文献   

A Field Evaluation of Benzimidazole and Nonbenzimidazole Drugs in a Herd of Dairy Goats     

Christine Uhlinger VMD    John Fetrow VMD  MBA  Colin Johnstone BVMS  PhD 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1988,2(3):113-116

A study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of six anthelmintics in a herd of dairy goats. Pretreatment larval cultures indicated that the goats were infected with Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis. Three separate treatment regimens were administered. In each trial, mature nonlactating goats were allocated into two treatment groups and a control group. Treatment groups received thiabendazole (TBZ) or levamisole (LEV), mebendazole (MBZ) or fenbendazole (FBZ), and morantel tartrate (MOR) or ivermectin (IVR). LEV, MOR, and IVR reduced fecal strongyle egg counts by 99% to 100% of pretreatment values. The benzimidazole (BZD) drugs changed pretreatment fecal egg counts by +2% to -32%. Results of posttreatment larval culture demonstrated the presence of H contortus larvae following the administration of BZD drugs.  相似文献   

Holding Power of Orthopedic Screws in Equine Third Metacarpal and Metatarsal Bones: Part I. Foal Bone     

JOHN V. YOVICH BSc  BVMS    A. S. TURNER BVSc  MS  DiplomateACVS  F. W. SMITH BSME  MSME  PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1985,14(3):221-229

The holding power of orthopedic screws in the third metacarpal and metatarsal cadaver bones of foals that were aged from 1 to 14 days was tested. Comparative trials between screws inserted at the same site in contralateral bones from the same foal were performed to compare the holding power of 5.5 mm cortical and 6.5 mm cancellous screws in the metaphysis, and the holding power of 5.5 and 4.5 mm cortical screws in the diaphysis. A MTS servohydraulic tensile testing machine was used to perform screw pullouts at a displacement rate of 19 mm/sec. There was no significant difference between maximum holding power of 5.5 mm cortical screws and 6.5 mm cancellous screws in the metaphysis when expressed as kg per mm of bone width at the screw insertion site (p = 0.097) or as kg per mm of screw thread engaged in the bone (p = 0.17). There was no significant difference in holding power of 5.5 and 6.5 mm screws in the proximal versus distal metaphysis (p = 0.10). The 5.5 mm screws had significantly greater holding power than the 4.5 mm screws in the diaphysis (p = 0.0097). Fixation failure at screw pullout was always due to bone shear. In internal fixation in foal bone, the 5.5 mm screws may be a suitable alternative to 6.5 mm screws in the metaphysis. Use of 5.5 mm rather than 4.5 mm screws is recommended in the diaphysis because of greater holding power.  相似文献   

RADIOLOGY CORNER: LUMBOSACRAL RADIOGRAPHY     

Malcolm  McKee  BVMS  DSAO  Ruth  Dennis  MA  VetMB  DVR  DipECVDI 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2003,44(6):655-656

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Evaluation of the Cranial Rectus Abdominus Muscle Pedicle Flap as a Blood Supply for the Caudal Superficial Epigastric Skin Flap in Dogs     

DANIEL A. DEGNER DVM    RICHARD WALSHAW BVMS  Diplomate ACVS    STEVE P. ARNOCZKY DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS    RICK J. SMITH MD    JON S. PATTERSON DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVP    LISA A. DEGNER DVM    ANNICK HAMAIDE DVM  DIANA ROSENSTEIN DVM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1996,25(4):292-299

This study evaluates the cranial rectus abdominus muscle pedicle flap as the sole blood supply for the caudal superficial epigastric skin flap. This flap was composed of a cranially based rectus abdominus muscle pedicle flap that was attached to the caudal superficial epigastric island skin flap (including mammary glands 2 to 5) via the pudendoepigastric trunk. Selective angiography of the cranial epigastric artery in eight cadaver dogs proved that the arterial vasculature in the cranial rectus abdominus was contiguous with that in the caudal superficial epigastric skin flap. In the live dog study, three of six of the flaps failed because of venous insufficiency. Necrosis of mammary gland 2 occurred in two of six flaps. One of six flaps survived with the exception of the cranial most aspect of mammary gland 2. Angiography of the cranial epigastric artery proved that arterial blood supply to these flaps was intact. Histological evaluation of the failed flaps showed full-thickness necrosis of the skin and subcutaneous tissues, the presence of severe congestion, and venous thrombosis. Retrograde venous blood flow through the flap was inconsistent, and hence resulted in failure of this myocutaneous flap. Use of this flap for clinical wound reconstruction cannot be recommended.  相似文献   

Myoperitoneal Microvascular Free Flaps in Dogs: An Anatomical Study and a Clinical Case Report     

DANIEL A. DEGNER DVM    OTTO I. LANZ DVM  RICHARD WALSHAW BVMS  Dipiomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1996,25(6):463-470

The purpose of the anatomical study was to identify potential myoperitoneal microvascular free flaps, in dogs, that are based on a single artery and vein. The angiosomes of the right deep circumflex iliac artery and left phrenicoabdominal (cranial abdominal) artery were evaluated in six medium-sized canine cadavers. The right deep circumflex iliac artery and left phrenicoabdominal (cranial abdominal) artery were injected with a mixture of barium and latex (equal parts). The entire right and left transversus abdominis muscles were dissected from the abdominal wall and radiographed. The angiograms of the deep circumflex iliac artery showed poor arborization of the vessels within the transversus abdominis muscle in all six cadavers. The angiograms of the phrenicoabdominal (cranial abdominal) artery showed consistent filling of the vascular bed of the cranial half of the transversus abdominis muscle flap in all six dogs. The vascular pedicle lengths and the diameter of the arteries and veins of both the deep circumflex iliac and phrenicoabdominal (cranial abdominal) myoperitoneal free flaps were found to be acceptable for microvascular anastomosis. The deep circumflex iliac flap was unacceptable because of inadequate vascular perfusion. The cranial abdominal artery had a consistent, large branch that supplied the cranial half of the transversus abdominis muscle, thereby making a myoperitoneal flap supplied by this vessel a potentially useful free flap. An 8-year-old male, neutered, mixed-breed dog was evaluated for possible repair of a large defect of the hard palate. Previous operations, using local tissue flaps, had been unsuccessful. A myoperitoneal free flap, based on the right cranial abdominal artery, and consisting of the cranial portion of the transversus abdominis muscle, was used successfully to reconstruct the hard palate. Migrating epithelium from the edges of the wound covered the myoperitoneal flap by 10 weeks after surgery. Therefore, the cranial abdominal myoperitoneal free flap can be considered for reconstruction of intra-oral defects that cannot be repaired using conventional local flap techniques.  相似文献   

Short‐ and long‐term outcome after transcondylar screw placement to treat humeral intracondylar fissure in dogs     

Damian Chase BVSc  MANZCVS  Diplomate ECVS  Rui Sul DVM  MRCVS  Miguel Solano DVM  Diplomate ECVS  Steven Joslyn BSc  BVMS  Diplomate ECVDI 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2019,48(3):299-308

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