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31.
DAVID A. HUNT DVM JACK R. SNYDER DVM PhD DiplomateACVS JOE P. MORGAN DVM Vet Med Dr DiplomateACVR SUSAN M. STOVER DVM PhD DiplomateACVs ROY R. POOL DVM PhD JOHN R. PASCOE BVSC PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1990,19(2):107-116
Femoral neck and proximal epiphyseal lengths were measured in 37 femurs from 19 cadaver foals that were 1 day to 12 months old to determine the applicability of a human interfragmentary compression system to equine femoral capital physeal fractures. Because components of the implant system are available only in fixed sizes, its use was possible in foals older than 5 weeks of age, but not in younger foals. The 135 degree angle plate conformed best to the equine femur. Femoral capital physeal fractures were created surgically and repaired with the implant system in three foals. Fracture stability was evident clinically and radiographically in all three foals until euthanasia at month 3. At necropsy, the treated femurs were 4, 8, and 27 mm shorter than their mates. Epiphyseal viability was verified in all three foals by tetracycline deposition and new appositional bone growth comparable with that in the contralateral control epiphyses. The treated capital physis was open but reduced in thickness in one foal, disorganized in one foal, and closed in one foal. Fixation by compression with the implant system resulted in stability sufficient for fracture healing and maintenance of epiphyseal viability, although it was associated with reduced longitudinal femoral growth. 相似文献
32.
J. WESLEY WILLIAMS DVM MS DENNIS M. MEAGHER DVM PhD DiplomateACVs JOHN R. PASCOE BVSC PhD WILLIAM J. HORNOF DVM MS DiplomateACVR 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1990,19(2):142-147
Upper airway pressure was measured during maximal exercise in 10 Thoroughbred racehorses with naturally occurring upper airway obstruction. Left laryngeal hemiplegia and arytenoid chondropathy resulted in substantial increases (30-40 cm H2O) in inspiratory upper airway pressure (Pl), whereas complicated aryepiglottic entrapment and subepiglottic cysts produced only modest increases (15 cm H2O) in Pl. Uncomplicated aryepiglottic entrapment and grade IV pharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia produced only slight increases (3-5 cm H2O). In general, surgical procedures restored airway pressures to within normal limits. Subtotal arytenoidectomy improved but did not normalize airway pressures in horses with arytenoid chondropathy. Pharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia appeared to have little effect on upper airway function. 相似文献
33.
R. CHRIS WHITTON BVSC MRCVS FACVSC REUBEN J. ROSE DVSC PhD Dip vet An FRCVS MACVSC 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1997,26(5):367-373
Objective— To determine the relative contributions of the palmar intercarpal ligaments in the midcarpal joint to the restraint of dorsal displacement of the proximal row of carpal bones.
Study Design— A biomechanical study of cadaver equine carpi.
Animals or Sample Population— Eight equine forelimbs from six thoroughbred horses.
Methods— With joints in full extension, the radius was dorsally displaced while midcarpal joint displacement was measured. The restraining force at a joint displacement of 1.5 mm was determined from the load-displacement curve. A ligament or pair of ligaments was then cut and the testing procedure repeated. Their contribution to restraining force was calculated as the percentage change in restraining force after the ligament was sectioned. Relative cross-sectional areas of the ligaments tested were measured at the level of the midcarpal joint.
Results— The collateral ligaments were the major contributors to the restraint of dorsal displacement ( P <.001). In all joints, the palmar intercarpal ligaments contributed a greater proportion than the palmar carpal ligament (PCL) ( P <.05). The mean percentage (±SEM) contributions to the restraint of dorsal displacement were 62.8 ± 3.4 for the collateral ligaments, 14.5 ±1.4 for the PCL, and 22.7 ± 2.2 for the palmar intercarpal ligaments. Mean cross-sectional area expressed as a percentage (±SEM) of the total ligamentous area were 9.0 ± 0.3 for the palmar intercarpal ligaments, 27.1 ± 3.0 for the PCL, and 63.8 ± 2.8 for the collateral ligaments.
Conclusions— Despite the small size of the palmar intercarpal ligaments, they play an important role in the restraint of dorsal displacement of the proximal row of carpal bones.
Clinical Relevance— Interpretation, as well as prevention and treatment of intercarpal ligament tearing requires an understanding of their function. 相似文献
Study Design— A biomechanical study of cadaver equine carpi.
Animals or Sample Population— Eight equine forelimbs from six thoroughbred horses.
Methods— With joints in full extension, the radius was dorsally displaced while midcarpal joint displacement was measured. The restraining force at a joint displacement of 1.5 mm was determined from the load-displacement curve. A ligament or pair of ligaments was then cut and the testing procedure repeated. Their contribution to restraining force was calculated as the percentage change in restraining force after the ligament was sectioned. Relative cross-sectional areas of the ligaments tested were measured at the level of the midcarpal joint.
Results— The collateral ligaments were the major contributors to the restraint of dorsal displacement ( P <.001). In all joints, the palmar intercarpal ligaments contributed a greater proportion than the palmar carpal ligament (PCL) ( P <.05). The mean percentage (±SEM) contributions to the restraint of dorsal displacement were 62.8 ± 3.4 for the collateral ligaments, 14.5 ±1.4 for the PCL, and 22.7 ± 2.2 for the palmar intercarpal ligaments. Mean cross-sectional area expressed as a percentage (±SEM) of the total ligamentous area were 9.0 ± 0.3 for the palmar intercarpal ligaments, 27.1 ± 3.0 for the PCL, and 63.8 ± 2.8 for the collateral ligaments.
Conclusions— Despite the small size of the palmar intercarpal ligaments, they play an important role in the restraint of dorsal displacement of the proximal row of carpal bones.
Clinical Relevance— Interpretation, as well as prevention and treatment of intercarpal ligament tearing requires an understanding of their function. 相似文献
34.
Michael E. Herrtage MA BVSC Neil T. Gorman BVSC PhD Andrew R. Jefferies MA VETMB MRCPATH 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1992,33(1):25-30
This paper describes coarctation of the aorta with a large fusiform post-stenotic aneurysm in a 6 year old Great Dane. No clinical signs were attributable to the lesion, which was an incidental finding. The radiological and pathological features of aortic coarctation are described. 相似文献
35.
JOHN B. MADISON VMD WILLIAM J. DONAWICK DVM DiplomateACVs DUDLEY E. JOHNSTON BVSC MVSC DiplomateACVs ROGER A. ORSINI MD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1989,18(1):15-21
Skin expansion was used in three horses, one heifer, and one dog to aid in the repair of cosmetic defects. Skin expansion was produced by inserting an expandable silicone device subcutaneously and gradually inflating the device with saline. Skin expansion allowed skin to be mobilized and sutured over cosmetic defects without excessive tension. A successful outcome was achieved in four of the five cases reported here. In one animal, two attempts to create a pocket for a silicone prosthesis failed because the expanders ruptured. Complications included implant failure, wound dehiscence, and exposure of an expander. Skin expansion can be used to enable closure of skin defects in areas where skin tension usually precludes repair by local transposition. 相似文献
36.
JILL E. PARKER VMD SUSAN L. FUBINI DVM DiplomateACVs BRUCE D. CAR BVSC MVS HOLLIS N. ERB DVM PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1987,16(6):459-462
An ischemic bowel model was used to stimulate adhesion formation in eight ponies. Heparin (40 USP u/kg) or saline was administered intravenously at surgery and was continued subcutaneously every 12 hours for 48 hours to evaluate the efficacy of heparin in preventing intraabdominal adhesions. Ponies were euthanatized after 6 weeks, and postmortem examinations were performed. A statistically significant difference was found between the heparin-treated and the control groups. Adhesions developed in three of four control ponies, and adhesions did not develop in three of four heparin-treated ponies. None of the adhesions resulted in clinical disease. In this study, heparin decreased the formation of adhesions in ponies after experimentally induced intestinal ischemia. 相似文献
37.
EUGENE A. BUFFA BVSC MMedvet MRCVS ANTON M. LUBBE BVSC MMedvet FRANK J. M. VERSTRAETE DrMedvet BVSC MMedvet DIPLOMATE AVDC DIPLOMATE ECVS STEVEN F. SWAIM DVM MS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1997,26(6):460-466
Objective —The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), sterile tap water, normal saline, and Ringer's lactate on wound healing in an in vitro model.
Study Design —The effects of PBS, sterile tap water, normal saline, and Ringer's lactate on a primary line of canine embryonic fibroblasts were determined.
Animals or Sample Population —A primary line of canine embryonic fibroblasts.
Methods —The effects of the various lavage solutions were determined by (1) vital staining of the treated cells with a 0.5% trypan blue solution, (2) evaluation of the amount of lactate dehydrogenase released by the treated cells, and (3) cytopathologic evaluation of hematoxylin and eosin-stained monolayers of treated canine fibroblasts. The cells were exposed to the lavage treatments for the following time intervals: 0.5 minute, 1 minute, 2.5 minutes, 5 minutes, and 10 minutes. PBS was used as the control.
Results —Sterile tap water significantly damaged canine fibroblasts at all time intervals ( P = .05). This was attributed to the alkaline pH, hypotonicity, and presence of numerous cytotoxic trace elements in the tap water used. Cytotoxic effects were noted in fibroblasts after 10 minutes' exposure to normal saline; this may be because of the acidic pH of normal saline and lack of a buffering system. Ringer's lactate did not induce any significant fibroblast injury.
Conclusions —PBS and Ringer's lactate do not induce any significant fibroblast injury, whereas normal saline and sterile tap water cause mild and severe cytotoxic effects in vitro.
Clinical Relevance —Further clinical investigation is indicated to establish whether Ringer's lactate is the wound lavage solution of choice compared with normal saline. Sterile tap water may cause considerable fibroblast injury. 相似文献
Study Design —The effects of PBS, sterile tap water, normal saline, and Ringer's lactate on a primary line of canine embryonic fibroblasts were determined.
Animals or Sample Population —A primary line of canine embryonic fibroblasts.
Methods —The effects of the various lavage solutions were determined by (1) vital staining of the treated cells with a 0.5% trypan blue solution, (2) evaluation of the amount of lactate dehydrogenase released by the treated cells, and (3) cytopathologic evaluation of hematoxylin and eosin-stained monolayers of treated canine fibroblasts. The cells were exposed to the lavage treatments for the following time intervals: 0.5 minute, 1 minute, 2.5 minutes, 5 minutes, and 10 minutes. PBS was used as the control.
Results —Sterile tap water significantly damaged canine fibroblasts at all time intervals ( P = .05). This was attributed to the alkaline pH, hypotonicity, and presence of numerous cytotoxic trace elements in the tap water used. Cytotoxic effects were noted in fibroblasts after 10 minutes' exposure to normal saline; this may be because of the acidic pH of normal saline and lack of a buffering system. Ringer's lactate did not induce any significant fibroblast injury.
Conclusions —PBS and Ringer's lactate do not induce any significant fibroblast injury, whereas normal saline and sterile tap water cause mild and severe cytotoxic effects in vitro.
Clinical Relevance —Further clinical investigation is indicated to establish whether Ringer's lactate is the wound lavage solution of choice compared with normal saline. Sterile tap water may cause considerable fibroblast injury. 相似文献
38.
Force Plate Analysis of Triple Pelvic Osteotomy for the Treatment of Canine Hip Dysplasia 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
RON M. McLAUGHLIN Jr. DVM DVSC CRAIG W. MILLER DVM MVSC Dipiomate ACVS CONNIE L. TAVES MSC TREVOR C. HEARN PhD BSc NIGEL C. PALMER DVM PhD MSC GAIL I. ANDERSON BVSC MSC Dipiomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1991,20(5):291-297
Triple pelvic osteotomy was performed in 15 dogs with bilateral hip dysplasia. Ten dogs were treated bilaterally and five dogs were treated unilaterally. Ten untreated dogs with normal hips served as controls. Force plate analysis, lameness evaluation, and radiography were performed before surgery and at weeks 5, 10, 15, and 28. Three dogs treated unilaterally were euthanatized and the hips were examined grossly and microscopically. Force plate data indicated that young dysplastic dogs transmitted significantly less vertical force through the hip joints than normal dogs. The force transmitted through treated hips reached or approached control levels by week 28 and was significantly greater than the force transmitted through untreated hips. Clinical lameness resolved in 92% of limbs and progression of radiographically detectable degenerative joint disease was minimal. Gross and microscopic degenerative changes in the articular cartilage were similar in the treated and untreated hips. The synovial membrane was less reactive in treated hips. 相似文献
39.
JIM SCHUMACHER DVM MS Diplomate ACVS TOM YARBROUGH DVM Diplomate ACVS JOHN PASCOE BVSC PhD Diplomate ACVS PHILIP WOODS DVM PhD Diplomate ACVIM DENNIS MEAGHER DVM PhD Diplomate ACVS CLIFFORD HONNAS DVM Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1998,27(3):175-181
Objective —To examine the response of horses with progressive ethmoidal hematoma (PEH) to intralesional injection of 4% formaldehyde solution.
Study Design —Nasal passages of horses affected with PEH were examined endoscopically at different intervals to determine the effects of intralesional injection of formaldehyde solution.
Animals —21 horses with PEH.
Methods —PEHs were injected transendoscopically with 4% formaldehyde solution. Horses were examined endoscopically and retreated at different intervals until the PEH was eliminated or was so small that reinjection was not possible.
Results —Lesions diminished significantly in size or were eliminated after 1 to 18 injections (median, 5; mean, 7.0 ± 5.62). Seventeen lesions (60.7%) resolved completely after 1 to 18 injections (median, 5; mean, 7.2 ± 5.71). Five lesions decreased markedly in size but did not resolve after receiving 1 to 18 injections (median, 5; mean, 7.6 ± 6.66). Injection of these lesions was discontinued 4.0 to 25.1 months (median, 9.5; mean, 11.02 ± 8.446) after the first injection. The PEH of one horse was removed surgically after one injection. Three horses, one with bilateral PEH, were lost to follow-up. One horse developed signs of laminitis. No other complications were observed.
Conclusions —Horses with a PEH can be treated effectively by transendoscopic, intralesional injection of 4% formaldehyde solution. 相似文献
Study Design —Nasal passages of horses affected with PEH were examined endoscopically at different intervals to determine the effects of intralesional injection of formaldehyde solution.
Animals —21 horses with PEH.
Methods —PEHs were injected transendoscopically with 4% formaldehyde solution. Horses were examined endoscopically and retreated at different intervals until the PEH was eliminated or was so small that reinjection was not possible.
Results —Lesions diminished significantly in size or were eliminated after 1 to 18 injections (median, 5; mean, 7.0 ± 5.62). Seventeen lesions (60.7%) resolved completely after 1 to 18 injections (median, 5; mean, 7.2 ± 5.71). Five lesions decreased markedly in size but did not resolve after receiving 1 to 18 injections (median, 5; mean, 7.6 ± 6.66). Injection of these lesions was discontinued 4.0 to 25.1 months (median, 9.5; mean, 11.02 ± 8.446) after the first injection. The PEH of one horse was removed surgically after one injection. Three horses, one with bilateral PEH, were lost to follow-up. One horse developed signs of laminitis. No other complications were observed.
Conclusions —Horses with a PEH can be treated effectively by transendoscopic, intralesional injection of 4% formaldehyde solution. 相似文献