Intravenous tramadol: effects, nociceptive properties, and pharmacokinetics in horses     

Jusmeen K Dhanjal DVM  MS    Deborah V Wilson BVSc  MS  Diplomate ACVA    Edward Robinson BVetMed  MRCVS  PhD  Diplomate ACVIM  MRCVS    Thomas T Tobin† PhD  Diplomate ABVT  MRCVS  & Levent Dirokulu‡ DVM  MVSc  PhD 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2009,36(6):581-590

ObjectiveTo determine the optimal dose, serum concentrations and analgesic effects of intravenous (IV) tramadol in the horse.Study designTwo-phase blinded, randomized, prospective crossover trial.AnimalsSeven horses (median age 22.5 years and mean weight 565 kg).MethodsHorses were treated every 20 minutes with incremental doses of tramadol HCl (0.1–1.6 mg kg^?1) or with saline. Heart rate, respiratory rate, step frequency, head height, and sweating, trembling, borborygmus and head nodding scores were recorded before and up to 6 hours after treatment. In a second study, hoof withdrawal and skin twitch reflex latencies (HWRL and STRL) to a thermal stimulus were determined 5 and 30 minutes, and 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours after bolus IV tramadol (2.0 mg kg^?1) or vehicle. Blood samples were taken to determine pharmacokinetics.ResultsCompared to saline, tramadol caused no change in heart rate, step frequency or sweating score. Respiratory rate, head height, and head nodding and trembling scores were transiently but significantly increased and borborygmus score was decreased by high doses of tramadol. Following cumulative IV administration of 3.1 mg kg^?1 and bolus IV administration of 2 mg kg^?1, the elimination half-life of tramadol was 1.91 ± 0.33 and 2.1 ± 0.9 hours, respectively. Baseline HWRL and STRL were 4.16 ± 1.0 and 3.06 ± 0.99 seconds, respectively, and were not significantly prolonged by tramadol.Conclusion and clinical relevanceIV tramadol at cumulative doses of up to 3.1 mg kg^?1 produced minimal transient side effects but 2.0 mg kg^?1 did not provide analgesia, as determined by response to a thermal nociceptive stimulus.  相似文献   

Intracapsular Prostatic Omentalization: A New Technique for Management of Prostatic Abscesses in Dogs     

RICHARD A. S. WHITE BVetMed  PhD  DVR  FRCVS  Diplomate ACVS  Diplomate ECVS  JOHN M. WILLIAMS MA  VetMB  FRCVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1995,24(5):390-395

Twenty dogs with abscessation of the prostate gland were treated by celiotomy, drainage, and digital exploration of the gland through bilateral capsulectomy wounds. Omentum was introduced through the capsulectomy wounds and packed into the abscess cavities around the prostatic urethra. Most dogs were discharged from the hospital within 48 hours of the surgery. Long-term resolution of the problem (no recurrence within 12 months) was achieved in 19 dogs. One dog had recurrent abscessation that was managed by the placement of dependant Penrose drains. Temporary tube cystostomy was performed postoperatively in one dog for the management of transient dysuria. One dog with septic peritonitis resulting from preoperative abscess rupture was managed by concurrent open peritoneal drainage. Intracapsular prostatic omentalization was a simple and effective means of managing prostatic abscessation with minimal requirement for postoperative hospitalization of the patient. The frequency of serious complications, including postoperative urinary incontinence, was low.  相似文献   

RADIOLOGY CORNER     

Christopher R.  Lamb  MA  VetMB  Sue  Guthrie  BVetMed  PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1995,36(5):383-383

  相似文献   

Methods and normal values for echocardiography in adult dairy cattle     

G.D. Hallowell DipACVIM  T.J. Potter BVetMed  I.M. Bowen PhD 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2007,9(2):91-98

ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to report normal ultrasonographic appearance and intra-cardiac dimensions in two dairy breeds and to calculate cardiac output (CO) using echocardiography.BackgroundIntra-cardiac dimensions, time indices and CO estimation have not previously been reported in adult cattle.Animals, materials and methodsEchocardiograms were obtained from healthy adult dairy cows (10 Jersey (J) and 12 Holstein Friesians (HF)) in the body weight range of 400 to 700 kg. Standard echocardiographic images were obtained from the left and right hemithoraces. Velocity time integrals were obtained in order to calculate CO using pulsed wave Doppler of aortic flow in the J cows. Measurements obtained included pulmonary artery and aortic diameters, left and right ventricular diameters (and calculated fractional shortening and left ventricular ejection fraction), left atrial size and time indices assessing valve function.ResultsHF cows had significantly (p < 0.05) larger pulmonary artery and aortic diameters, larger left atrial diameters and left ventricular internal diameters during diastole, but these were not different when corrected for body weight. Left and right ventricular dimensions, adjusted for body weight, were significantly larger (p = 0.02 and p = 0.035 respectively) in J cows when compared to HF cows. No differences were noted in the time indices between the two groups. No significant differences were noted in intra-operator variability and the only significant difference in inter-operator variability was in measurement of the pulmonary artery (p = 0.03; ICC = 0.63).ConclusionsIt is possible to obtain repeatable, reliable echocardiograms in order that meaningful intra-cardiac dimensions can be obtained in adult dairy cattle.  相似文献   

Comparative analgesic and cardiopulmonary effects of bupivacaine and ropivacaine in the epidural space of the conscious dog   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tanya Duke BVetMed DVA Dip ACVA Dip ECVA  Nigel A Caulkett Dvm MVetSc Dip ACVA    Stephanie D. Ball BSc    Audrey M Remedios Dvm MVetSc Dip ACVS 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2000,27(1):13-21

Objective To compare the cardiopulmonary effects and sensory blockade of epidural bupivacaine and ropivacaine. Study Design Prospective randomized study. Animals Six young adult medium‐sized crossbred dogs weighing 25.7 ± 7.1 kg. Method Dogs were chronically implanted with a lumbosacral epidural catheter. Acepromazine sedated dogs received all treatments: 0.5% bupivacaine at 0.14 mL kg^?1 (LB5) or 0.22 mL kg^?1 (HB5); 0.5% ropivacaine at 0.14 mL kg^?1 (LR5) or 0.22 mL kg^?1 (HR5); 0.75% bupivacaine at 0.22 mL kg^?1 (HB7.5) or 0.75% ropivacaine at 0.22 mL kg^?1 (HR7.5). Loss of sensation was tested at the level of the perineum, hind toe webs, flank, and caudodorsal rib areas before injection, and post‐injection (PI) up to 150 minutes PI. Systemic arterial blood pressure and heart rate were recorded before injection, and every 10 minutes PI until 150 minutes PI. Arterial blood gas analyses were performed prior to injection, and at 30, 60 and 150 minutes PI. Results No statistical differences existed between groups for the cardiopulmonary data or time to onset of block. Group HR7.5 had lower systolic (10–70 minutes PI) and diastolic (10–70 minutes PI) blood pressures and group HR5 had lower mean (10–90 minutes PI) and diastolic (10–90 minutes PI) blood pressures compared to baseline. Heart rate was lower compared to baseline in groups LR5 and HB7.5. A significant, but mild metabolic acidosis developed in groups LR5 and HB7.5 (150 minutes PI). No differences were present for the duration of block between groups, but duration of block in the dorsocaudal rib area was shorter in group HR5 compared to HR7.5. Conclusion Epidural ropivacaine and bupivacaine at the doses used have mild effects on the cardiopulmonary system, and extent of block are similar. Clinical Relevance The 0.75% concentration of bupivacaine and ropivacaine at 0.22 mL kg^?1 appeared to contribute to greater success of block (>80%) at dermatomes L₅–L₇.  相似文献   

Small Animal Soft Tissue Surgery ‐ Edited by Eric Monnet     

Robert N White BSc BVetMed CertVA DSAS DipECVS MRCVS 《The Journal of small animal practice》2014,55(1):E2-E3

  相似文献   

Near-infrared imaging and optical coherence tomography for intraoperative visualization of tumors     

David Holt BVSc  DACVS  Sunil Singhal MD  Laura E. Selmic BVetMed  MPH  DACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2020,49(1):33-43

Surgical excision is the foundation of treatment for early-stage solid tumors in man and companion animals. Complete excision with appropriate margins of surrounding tumor-free tissue is crucial to survival. Intraoperative imaging allows real-time visualization of tumors, assessment of surgical margins, and, potentially, lymph nodes and satellite metastatic lesions, allowing surgeons to perform complete tumor resections while sparing surrounding vital anatomic structures. This Review will focus on the use of near-infrared imaging and optical coherence tomography for intraoperative tumor visualization.  相似文献   

Prognostic factors for short-term survival of dogs that experience postattenuation seizures after surgical correction of single congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts: 93 cases (2005-2018)     

Ronan A. Mullins MVB  DECVS  Carlos Sanchez Villamil DVM  Laura E. Selmic BVetMed MPH  DACVS-SA  DECVS  Michael S. Tivers BVSc PhD  DECVS  J. Brad Case DVM  MS  DACVS  Ameet Singh BSc  DVM  DVSc  DACVS  Kelley M. Thieman Mankin DVM  MS  DACVS  Davina M. Anderson MA  VetMB  PhD  DSAS  DECVS  Robert N. White BSc  BVetMed  DSAS  DECVS  SFHEA  Kathryn M. Pratschke MVB  MVM  DECVS  Hilde de Rooster DVM  MVM  PhD  DECVS  Anne Kummeling DVM  PhD  DECVS  Donald A. Yool BVMS  PhD  DECVS  SFHEA  Melanie Olive DVM  Jean-Philippe Billet Dr vét DECVS  Ines Gordo DVM  MS  Herve Brissot DV  DECVS  Cameron Broome BVSc  DVCS  FANZCVS  Barbara M. Kirby DVM  MS  DACVS  DECVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2020,49(5):958-970

  相似文献   

Impact of microwave ablation treatment on the biomechanical properties of the distal radius in the dog: A cadaveric study     

Alexandra B. Kalamaras DVM  Vincent Wavreille DVM  MS  MRCVS  DACVS-SA  Stephen C. Jones MVB  MS  DACVS-SA  Alan S. Litsky MD  ScD  Laura Selmic BVetMed  MPH  DACVS-SA  DECVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2020,49(7):1388-1395

  相似文献   

Evaluation of microwave ablation for local treatment of dogs with distal radial osteosarcoma: A pilot study     

Sarah A. Salyer DVM  MS  Vincent A. Wavreille DVM  MS  MRCVS  DACVS  ACVS Fellow Surgical Oncology  Joelle M. Fenger DVM  PhD  ACVIM  Ryan N. Jennings DVM  PhD  DACVP  Laura E. Selmic BVetMed  MPH  DACVS-SA  DECVS  ACVS Founding Fellow Surgical Oncology 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2020,49(7):1396-1405

  相似文献