Proteome profiling of the compatible interaction between wheat and stripe rust     

Yahya?Emin?Demirci  Cihan?Inan  Asl?han?Günel  Dilara?Maytalman  Zafer?Mert  A.?Tar?k?Baykal  ?enay?Vural?Korkut  Nazl??Arda  Semra?Hasan?ebiEmail authorView author&#;s OrcID profile 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2016,145(4):941-962

Over the last decade, comparative molecular profiling studies between compatible and incompatible plant-pathogen interactions have shown that susceptible response of the host to a pathogen requires factors that promote disease development. In this study, we examined proteome profiles during a compatible interaction between wheat and stripe rust. A 2D-LC system (ProteomeLab PF2D) was used for protein separation and to compare the proteome from infected and control samples. More than 700 protein peaks at each time point were compared between pathogen- and mock-inoculated samples. Selected proteins, with significant differences in abundance were identified by nanoLC-ESI- MS/MS and generated spectra were searched against the wheat protein databases from UniProt, and NCBI and the Puccinia database from The Broad Institute. In total, the identified proteins comprised of 62 % wheat and 38 % Pst proteins. All identified proteins were searched by bioinformatics-based algorithms to detect their subcellular localization and signal peptide motifs which have the potential to catch the candidate effector proteins. The wheat proteins were classified based on their function. Although a compatible interaction, many wheat proteins, such as antioxidants, PRs and cold-responsive proteins, are implicated in defense and stress tolerance. On the pathogen side, 64 proteins were identified, and included some important pathogenicity proteins that can play role in pathogen virulence and suppress the host defense. In addition, we discovered that nine proteins have a signal sequence and three of the hypothetical fungal proteins, PGTG_11681T0, PGTG_07231T0 and CBH50687.1, have been tentatively identified as candidate effectors.  相似文献   

Recent Advances in the Use of Plant Pathogens as Biocontrol Agents of Weeds     

S. Hasan 《国际虫害防治杂志》2013,59(4):437-443

Abstract

Among various organisms attacking skeleton weed, Chondrilla juncea, in Europe, a rust fungus, Puccinia chondrillina, and two powdery mildews, Erysiphe cichoracearum and Leveillula taurica f. sp. chondrillae were found to be the most damaging. P. chondrillina was shown to be specific to Chondrilla and has recently been introduced into Australia where skeleton weed is important in wheat cultivation. It has already spread throughout the weed infestations and is beginning to reduce plant populations. Encouraged by the result of the Chondrilla rust, the possible use of Puccinia xanthii for the control of Xanthium strumarium and X. spinosum has also been studied. Current research on the possible use of phytopathogens in the biological control of some other weeds is reviewed.  相似文献   

Regional inflation persistence in Turkey     

Hasan Engin Duran  Burak Dindarolu 《Growth and change》2021,52(1):460-491

The purpose of the current study is to investigate the degree of inflation persistence, its geographical variation, sources of cross‐regional variation, and presence of geographical/sectoral aggregation bias in national monetary policy. Our data set covers 26 NUTS‐2 level Turkish regions and monthly CPI inflation over the period 2003–2019. We first estimate the degree of regional inflation persistence by autoregressive regressions, check its robustness against the presence of structural breaks (by Bai–Perron's algorithm) and nonlinearities (by Markovian Regime Switching regressions). Second, we examine the possibility of geographical and sectoral aggregation bias. Third, we investigate the cross‐regional determinants of inflation persistence by panel data analysis, employing hybrid‐effects spatial panel regressions. We analyze the direct and indirect effects of the determinants and test for regional spillover effects. Three main results are obtained. First, estimated persistence degrees are heterogeneous across regions. The geographical pattern is empirically robust against structural breaks and nonlinearities. We find that inflation persistence is distributed in a spatially correlated manner. Second, when sectoral and regional aggregation bias is tested, only sectoral aggregation indicates a considerable level of bias. Third, we find that the presence of large firms in the region and a higher share of agricultural output in GDP leads to lower persistence, while an increased share of industrial output, and increased trade volume leads to higher inflation persistence. Moreover, we find spatial spillovers of price variability evident in regression analysis. From a policy standpoint, it is required that structural policy programs are targeted to maintain flexibility in the regions where persistence is high (i.e., providing market entry/exit, institutional quality, policy credibility, stimulation of SMEs). Moreover, sectors that have high persistence, such as Hotels and Restaurants (persistence degree 0.55) and Health Services (0.39) should be weighted more in CPI calculations.  相似文献   

Empirical Orthogonal Function analysis of the palmer drought indices   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Hasan Tatli  Murat Türke? 《Agricultural and Forest Meteorology》2011,151(7):981-991

The aim of the paper is to employ Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis to drought indices including Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), Palmer Hydrological Drought Index (PHDI), Palmer Moisture Anomaly (Z) Index (Z-Index), Weighted Palmer Drought Severity Index (WPDSI), and Water Deficit (P-PET) Index and to compare their resultant spatial patterns across Turkey. In this respect, the PDSI, PHDI, Z, WPDSI, Aridity Index (AI) and P-PET Index values are calculated based on observed monthly temperature and precipitation values of the 96 Turkish meteorological stations for the 1929-2009 period, and gridded available water holding capacities (AWHC) in 1-m soil depth are extracted from the soil data sets of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Centre (ORNL DAAC). By considering the strong match among the PDSI, PHDI, and WPDSI based on the results of the patterns of the first EOFs (EOF1) with the highest eigenvalue, we suggest that using and applying one of these drought indices could be adequate for a drought analysis in Turkey. On the other hand, it is evident that the significant results from the EOF2, EOF3 and EOF4 loadings of the PHDI and WPDSI indices have a similar pattern across Turkey. Therefore, with respect to the geographical autocorrelation and magnitudes of the loading values, it is explained that the PDSI and WPDSI in particular could have originated from the same physical process, and one may have a preference for the effective usage of a combination of PDSI, PHDI and Z-Index. Consequently, in a multi-purpose medium- and long-term drought management plan for Turkey or in any country having similar climatic and physical geographical conditions, using one of the three drought indices along with the Z-Index could be acceptable for successful applications.  相似文献   

Quantifying the effect of inbreeding on average daily gain and Kleiber ratio in Mazandaran native chickens     

Yousefi  Babak  Gholizadeh  Mohsen  Hafezian  Hasan 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(6):3217-3223

Tropical Animal Health and Production - The aims of this study was to evaluate inbreeding effects for growth rate (average daily gain from hatch to 8 weeks of age (ADG1–8), average...  相似文献   

Evaluation of management principles and performance of the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in Bangladesh   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M.A. Latif  M.Y. Ali  M.R. Islam  M.A. Badshah  M.S. Hasan 《Field Crops Research》2009,114(2):255-262

Experiments were conducted at irrigated and rainfed lowland rice sites in Bangladesh to assess the performance of management practices that have become known as the System of Rice Intensification (SRI). At a research station, SRI management principles such as seedling age, plant spacing, application of organic manure, seedling densities, duration of planting, planting shape and time of planting were evaluated under SRI management as compared to previously established Best Management Practices (BMPs). In on-farm trials, SRI was compared with BMP on 40 farmers’ fields. Nutrient inputs and water management in BMP and SRI treatments were kept at comparable levels. Seedling age, ranging from just sprouted seed to 40-day-old seedlings, had no effect on grain yield in the winter season. In a plant spacing experiment subject to SRI, the highest and lowest grain yields of 7.82 and 5.41 t ha⁻¹ were obtained with spacing of 25 cm × 15 cm (narrow) and 40 cm × 40 cm (wide), respectively. In SRI, seedling density (1–2 seedlings per hill), planting durations (≤15 min to 1–3 h after uprooting) or root placement (L-shape and J-shape) had no effect on grain yield. With regard to time of planting, the highest grain yields were observed with transplanting in the 3rd week of December, with no difference between SRI and BMP management systems. In on-farm trials, BMP gave significantly higher grain yield compared to SRI and farmers’ practice in a triple-cropped area, but grain yields were similar with SRI in a double and single-cropped area when spacing was narrow. The highest profit was obtained with BMP followed by SRI and farmers’ practice in the single-cropping area. Major findings from this study are that under comparable levels of net nutrient input and water management (i) well-implemented BMPs for rice are more efficient for producing high yields than SRI and (ii) there is no intrinsic yield advantage of SRI that could be caused by its individual crop management techniques or some unknown synergism of the different SRI practices proposed.  相似文献   

State of Urban Nurseries in Bangladesh: A Case Study from the North-Eastern Region     

Romel Ahmed  Md. Sorif Hasan  Md. Abdul Halim  Mahbubul Alam 《Small-Scale Forestry》2008,7(3-4):275-283

The state of urban seedling nurseries in the north-eastern region of Bangladesh is examined with a focus on production and profitability of the enterprises. Twenty-eight sample nurseries out of the 97 nursery enterprises in Sylhet town were selected at random, and operators personally interviewed. It was found that the entrepreneurs are not highly educated though they believed that a basic level of education is required to understand the management of young nursery stock. Labourers of various employment categories work in the enterprises and their wage is determined by their skill, gender and efficiency. Capital and operating costs vary among the enterprises according to land value, production capacity, infrastructure type and workforce size. Production capacity ranges from 10,000 to 5 M seedlings/year with an average 836,000, though actual average production is only 341,000 seedlings/year. The production cost per seedling ranges from Tk. 4 to 50 while sale value ranges from Tk. 10 to 60. The most frequently sold species are Acacia mangium, Swietenia macrophylla, Tectona grandis, Mangifera indica, Litchi chinensis and Cocos nucifera. Nursery techniques and cultural practices adopted by nursery operators depend on the type of species and its silvicultural requirement. Despite some problems, including lack of suitable land for nursery establishment and inadequate level of technical knowledge for high quality seedling management, it seems that production of tree seedlings is a promising profitable small-scale business in the study area.  相似文献   

Consumption of shark products: The interface of sustainability,trade (mis)labelling,human health and human rights     

Md Robiul Hasan  Jennifer A. Chaplin  Peter B. Spencer  Matias Braccini 《Fish and Fisheries》2023,24(5):777-795

Sharks and rays evolved 450 million years ago, during the Late Ordovician Period. However, during the modern Anthropocene, shark populations have declined at considerable rates, and recent global assessments indicate about one in three species is threatened with extinction. A notable reason for this elevated extinction risk is overfishing linked to increased demand for shark fins and other products. Here, we review multiple dimensions of consuming shark products, ranging from stock sustainability, product (mis)labelling and trade, the human health implications of consuming shark products, and illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and slavery and labour abuses in the fishing industry. We conclude that traceability and increased transparency in seafood supply chains is essential to overcome obstacles to consumption of sustainable, ethical and healthy shark products. We also provide a decision tree outlining steps in consumer choice that would foster such consumption. Our aim is to provide a holistic view on issues concerning the consumption of shark products that will help policymakers, the public, management and law enforcement agencies to advocate for ecologically- and ethically sustainable consumption of shark products and thereby empower the general public to make informed decisions on which shark products they consume.  相似文献   

Effects of vitamin and mineral premix withdrawal from diets on carcass and meat quality of feedlot steers     

Beyzi  Selma Büyükkılıç  Konca  Yusuf  Köknur  Özlem  Köknur  Sebahattin  Yalçın  Hasan  Uddin  Muhammad Jasim  Çınar  Mehmet Ulaş 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(7):1919-1925

Tropical Animal Health and Production - The primary objective of the present study was to assess the effects of vitamin and mineral premix (VMP) withdrawal from the diets 30 and 60 days...  相似文献   

Effect of melatonin on regulation of apoptosis and steroidogenesis in cultured buffalo granulosa cells     

Hasan Riaz  Muhammad Rizwan Yousuf  Aixin Liang  Guo Hua Hua  Liguo Yang 《Animal Science Journal》2019,90(4):473-480

This study was aimed to address melatonin receptor expression, mRNA level of hypothalamus and hypophysis hormone receptors (GnRHR, FSHR, and LHR), steroidogenesis, cell cycle, apoptosis, and their regulatory factors after addition of melatonin for 24 hr in cultured buffalo granulosa cells (GCs). The results revealed that direct addition of different concentrations of melatonin (100 pM, 1 nM, and 100 nM) resulted in significant upregulation (p < 0.05) of mRNA level of melatonin receptor 1a (MT1) without affecting melatonin receptor 1b (MT2). Melatonin treatment significantly downregulated (p < 0.05) mRNA level of FSH and GnRH receptors, whereas 100 nM dose of melatonin significantly increased mRNA level of LH receptor. Treatment with 100 nM of melatonin significantly decreased the basal progesterone production with significant decrease (p < 0.05) in mRNA levels of StAR and p450ssc, and lower mRNA level of genes (Insig1, Lipe, and Scrab1) that affect cholesterol availability. Melatonin supplementation suppressed apoptosis (100 nM, p < 0.05) and enhanced G2/M phase (1 nM, 100 nM, p < 0.05) of cell cycle progression which was further corroborated by decrease in protein expression of caspase‐3, p21, and p27 and increase in bcl2. Our results demonstrate that melatonin regulates gonadotrophin receptors and ovarian steroidogenesis through MT1. Furthermore, the notion of its incorporation in apoptosis and proliferation of buffalo GCs extends its role in buffalo ovaries.  相似文献