Evaluation of antioxidant status and oxidative stress in sheep naturally infected with Babesia ovis     

Esmaeilnejad B  Tavassoli M  Asri-Rezaei S  Dalir-Naghadeh B 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,185(2-4):124-130

The present study aimed to assess antioxidant status and oxidative stress in sheep naturally infected with Babesia ovis. Red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, packed cell volume (PCV), piroplasm parasitemia percentage, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) activities and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were determined in 52 sheep naturally infected with B. ovis as well as same number of healthy sheep in West-Azerbaijan province, Iran. Microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained peripheral blood smears revealed B. ovis infection. The parasitological diagnosis was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis by amplifying a partial small subunit ribosomal RNA (ssu rRNA) gene sequence of B. ovis of 52 diseased sheep, 18 (34.61%), 11 (21.15%), 16 (30.76%) and 7 (13.48%) had <1%, 1-2%, 2-3% and >3% parasitemia, respectively. Compared to controls, the activities of erythrocyte GSH-Px, SOD, TAC and CAT showed a significant decrease, whereas the concentration of MDA in erythrocytes of infected sheep increased significantly. Parasitemia rate was positively correlated with MDA and negatively correlated with PCV, SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and TAC. Also, MDA was negatively correlated with PCV, SOD, catalase, GSH-Px and TAC. The study demonstrated that B. ovis plays an important role in the occurrence of oxidative damage to RBCs and anemia in ovine babesiosis.  相似文献   

Suppression of Stress Responses in Siberian Sturgeon,Acipenser baeri,Juveniles by the Dietary Administration of Bovine Lactoferrin     

Bahram Falahatkar  Khalil Eslamloo  Saichiro Yokoyama 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2014,45(6):699-708

A study was performed to investigate the influence of dietary lactoferrin (LF) on growth and stress responses of juvenile Siberian sturgeon. Fish were fed six experimental diets (0, 100, 200, 400, 800, and 1600 mg LF/kg diet) for 10 wk. At the end of the experiment, fish were exposed to an acute stressor of 2‐min air exposure. The levels of cortisol, glucose, and lactate were measured before and at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 h after stress. LF supplementation did not influence the fish growth. Cortisol and lactate, but not glucose level, were significantly affected by dietary LF. Cortisol levels in the control group rose twofold 1 h after stress and were significantly higher than that in LF groups. Moreover, the lowest level of cortisol at all sampling times (prestress and poststress) was observed in fish fed 400 mg LF/kg diet. Lactate concentrations in sturgeon fed 400 mg LF/kg markedly rose 1 h after stress, albeit changes in other LF groups were not significant. Results of this study show that dietary LF can suppress the stress responses in Siberian sturgeon, while 400 mg LF/kg diet appears to be an effective dietary level for this species to reduce stress.  相似文献   

Lecithin aerosols generated ultrasonically above 25 degrees C     

E W Merrill  D J Graves  K A Smith  D C Shannon  H Kazemi 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1969,164(884):1167-1168

Dl-Dipalmitoyl-alpha-lecithin, suspended in 0.15-molar sodium chloride solution by sonic cavitation at 20 kilohertz, can be aerosolized by an 800-kilohertz ultrasonic generator only at temperatures above 25 degrees C. The aerosol thus produced is exceptionally stable against evaporation even at particle radii of 0.1 to 0.6 micron; this suggests applicability to the therapy of pulmonary disorders.  相似文献   

Allelic diversity of high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) in Iranian Aegilops tauschii Coss. accessions by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE)     

Zahra Tahernezhad  Zeyn-alabedin Musavi  Mohammad Javad Zamani  Mohammad Jafar Aghaei  Bahram Rostam Foroudi 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2013,60(3):905-911

Variation of high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) in 28 Iranian Aegilops tauschii (2n = 2x = 14, DD) accessions studied by sodium dodecyl sulphate electrophoresis method (SDS-PAGE). The results showed high variation of HMW-GS in the accessions. The range of frequency in 14 HMW-GS combinations was 3.57–25 % in the accessions. AMOVA showed the molecular variance between the geographic areas was lower than within the geographic areas. According to Nei’s genetic diversity, the highest diversity levels were in Semnan, Golestan and Azarbayjan, on the other hand the lowest levels of diversity were found in Khorasan, Gilan and Mazandaran accessions. Hence, the Caspian Sea South East accessions also Azerbayjan in Iran have more diversity. AMOVA did not show variance between strangulata and tauschii but there was more genetic diversity in ssp. tauschii subspecies in comparison of ssp. strangulata according to Nei’s gene diversity and Shannon information index. It showed Iranian Ae. tauschii have a good potential for bread making quality improvement in bread wheat.  相似文献   

Serum concentration of sialic acids in naturally occurring ovine babesiosis     

Bijan Esmaeilnejad  Mousa Tavassoli  Siamak Asri-Rezaei  Bahram Dalir-Naghadeh  Seyyed Meysam Abtahi Froushani  Jafar Arjmand  Mostafa Golabi 《Tropical animal health and production》2014,46(7):1217-1221

This study is designated to assess the effect of the severity of Babesia ovis infection on sialic acid concentration in blood sera in naturally infected sheep. Infected animals (diseased group) comprised 38 Iranian fat-tailed sheep, about 1–3 years old, naturally infected with B. ovis, divided into four subgroups with respect to parasitemia rates (low 0.1–0.3 %, moderate 0.4–0.9 %, high 1–2.5 %, and very high >2.5 %). The parasitological diagnosis was confirmed using PCR analysis. As a control group, ten clinically healthy sheep reared under the same management and environmental conditions were also sampled. Hematological parameters and the concentrations of total sialic acid (TSA), lipid-bound sialic acid (LBSA), and protein-bound sialic acid (PBSA) were measured in both groups. Compared to controls, sialic acid concentrations showed significant increase (p?Parasitemia rate was positively correlated with sialic acid concentrations. This study demonstrated that B. ovis infection induced marked and persistent elevations of serum sialic acid concentrations. It seems that increase of serum sialic acid concentrations during parasitemia alter receptor-ligand interactions, which are known to play important role in immune response. Furthermore, sialic acid would indirectly inhibit the action of leukocytes and consequently promote the evasion of the immune response and persistence of the parasite in the host. This factor could influence the parasite-host cell adhesion, but further detailed biochemical investigations are needed to precisely explain the exact role of sialic acid in invasion process of the parasite to the host cells.  相似文献   

Refined carbohydrate intake in relation to non-verbal intelligence among Tehrani schoolchildren     

Abargouei AS  Kalantari N  Omidvar N  Rashidkhani B  Rad AH  Ebrahimi AA  Khosravi-Boroujeni H  Esmaillzadeh A 《Public health nutrition》2012,15(10):1925-1931

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Population genetic structure of four regional populations of the barley pathogen Pyrenophora teres f. maculata in Iran is characterized by high genetic diversity and sexual recombination     

Asieh Vasighzadeh  Bahram Sharifnabi  Mohammad Javan-Nikkhah  Elaheh Seifollahi  Doreen Landermann-Habetha  Alice Feurtey  Eva Holtgrewe-Stukenbrock 《Plant pathology》2021,70(3):735-744

The leaf spot form of the barley disease net blotch, caused by the fungus Pyrenophora teres f. maculata (PTM), is an increasingly important foliar disease of barley. Studies of population genetic structure and reproductive mode are necessary to make predictions of the evolutionary potential of the pathogen. Sources of resistance to PTM have been found in Iranian landraces, which may have the potential to improve plant breeding efforts. However, little is known about the population genetic structure of this fungus in Iran. In this study, we analysed the frequency of the mating type genes to assess the potential for sexual mating of PTM collected from four provinces—Khuzestan, Hamadan, Golestan, and East Azerbaijan—and we investigated the population genetic structure using seven simple sequence repeat markers. High genotype diversity, linkage equilibrium, and equal ratios of mating types frequencies in the PTM populations at Khuzestan and Hamadan support the occurrence of sexual reproduction in these populations, while in Golestan and East Azerbaijan populations, significant gametic disequilibrium and relatively low genotype diversity suggest a higher incidence of clonality or different demographic histories. Unequal mating type frequencies in Golestan confirm a predominance of asexual reproduction. Finally, we found significant evidence for strong population structure with most of the genetic variation represented within regional populations (89%). Overall, our study provides evidence for high genetic variation in Iranian PTM populations, which may be the basis for rapid adaptive evolution in this pathosystem. This highlights the need for integrated efforts to control the disease.  相似文献   

Induction of transgenic hairy roots in Trigonella foenum-graceum co-cultivated with Agrobacterium rhizogenes harboring a GFP gene     

Zeynab Shahabzadeh  Bahram Heidari  Reza Faramarzi Hafez 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2013,16(4):263-268

An important feature of A. rhizogenes-induced hairy roots is their unique ability for investigation of gene function and production of secondary metabolites such as diosgenin in fenugreek. In order to evaluate the transformation frequency and the efficiency of transgenic hairy root induction, leaf and stem explants from two fenugreek ecotypes, Karaj and Bushehr, were infected with three concentrations of OD₆₀₀= 0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 of A. rhizogenes strain K599 harboring a GFP gene. Regardless of ecotype, the ability of stem explants for the induction of hairy roots (8.09) and the transformation frequency (81.3%) was higher compared with leaf explants with the values of 5.97 and 71.88%, respectively. The number of transgenic GFP-positive hairy roots ranged from 4.2 to 13.5 in the Karaj ecotype and 3.8 to 9.9 in Bushehr. The highest transgenic hairy root (8.76), the transformation frequency (79.76%), and the growth rate of transgenic roots (0.77 d^?1) were obtained from infection with K599 at OD₆₀₀= 1.2, while the lowest belonged to the bacterial concentration of OD₆₀₀=1.6. Although the ecotype Bushehr had lower total roots (7.53) and transgenic hairy roots (6.08), it showed higher transformation frequency (79.56%) than Karaj (73.63%). Therefore, the results indicate the importance of genotype, type of explant and bacterial concentration in breeding for induction of transgenic hairy roots and consequently, production of secondary metabolites in fenugreek.  相似文献   

Morphological, physiological and antioxidant responses of some Iranian grapevine cultivars to methyl jasmonate application     

Siamak Shirani Bidabadi  Hamidreza Mehri  Cyrus Ghobadi  Bahram Baninasab  Marzieh Afazel 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2013,16(4):277-283

The role of exogenously applied Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) in morphological responses, photochemical efficiency, changes of malondialdehyde content, and the activities of some antioxidant enzymes were investigated in four Iranian grapevine cultivars. MeJA improved morphological traits containing dry and fresh weight, node number, and shoot length. MeJA induced an oxidative stress, as shown by an increase in lipid peroxidation. Activities of catalase, peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase were higher in MeJA-treated grapevines than in controls while the relative water content and leaf water loss of grapevine cultivars demonstrated a non-significant difference between the control and varying levels of MeJA. MeJA was positively affected in recovery of the leaf chlorophyll fluorescence (photochemical efficiency) of grapevine cultivars, although the mean proline content of MeJA-treated grapevines indicated a significant decrease when compared with those of the controls. These results suggest that MeJA could act as an intervener in grapevine responses by the enhancing the activity of antioxidants and recovery of photochemical efficiency, leading to enhanced grapevine performance.  相似文献   

Rangeland Ecology & Management,Volume 72, Issue 1: Canadian Prairie Rangeland and Seeded Forage Classification Using Multiseason Landsat 8 and Summer RADARSAT-2     

Emily J. Lindsay  Douglas J. King  Andrew M. Davidson  Bahram Daneshfar 《Herpetological Monographs》2019,41(1):73-76

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