Estimation of the phosphorus sorption capacity of acidic soils in Ireland   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

R. O. Maguire  R. H. Foy  J. S. Bailey  & J. T. Sims  . 《European Journal of Soil Science》2001,52(3):479-487

The test for the degree of phosphorus (P) saturation (DPS) of soils is used in northwest Europe to estimate the potential of P loss from soil to water. It expresses the historic sorption of P by soil as a percentage of the soil's P sorption capacity (PSC), which is taken to be α (Al_ox + Fe_ox), where Al_ox and Fe_ox are the amounts of aluminium and iron extracted by a single extraction of oxalate. All quantities are measured as mmol kg soil^?1, and a value of 0.5 is commonly used for the scaling factor α in this equation. Historic or previously sorbed P is taken to be the quantity of P extracted by oxalate (P_ox) so that DPS = P_ox/PSC. The relation between PSC and Al_ox, Fe_ox and P_ox was determined for 37 soil samples from Northern Ireland with relatively large clay and organic matter contents. Sorption of P, measured over 252 days, was strongly correlated with the amounts of Al_ox and Fe_ox extracted, but there was also a negative correlation with P_ox. When PSC was calculated as the sum of the measured sorption after 252 days and P_ox, the multiple regression of PSC on Al_ox and Fe_ox gave the equation PSC = 36.6 + 0.61 Al_ox+ 0.31 Fe_ox with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.92. The regression intercept of 36.6 was significantly greater than zero. The 95% confidence limits for the regression coefficients of Al_ox and Fe_ox did not overlap, indicating a significantly larger regression coefficient of P sorption on Al_ox than on Fe_ox. When loss on ignition was employed as an additional variable in the multiple regression of PSC on Al_ox and Fe_ox, it was positively correlated with PSC. Although the regression coefficient for loss on ignition was statistically significant (P < 0.001), the impact of this variable was small as its inclusion in the multiple regression increased R² by only 0.028. Values of P sorption measured over 252 days were on average 2.75 (range 2.0–3.8) times greater than an overnight index of P sorption. Measures of DPS were less well correlated with water‐soluble P than either the Olsen or Morgan tests for P in soil.  相似文献   

Dairy processing.     

Kenneth W Bailey 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice》2003,19(2):295-317

The United States dairy processing sector is dynamic and adaptive to new changes in the market place. Changes in consumer preferences and manufacturing technologies are resulting in new challenges to the processing sector. Consumers want a wider array of quality dairy products. Fluid processors are adapting to changing consumer demands for beverage products by introducing new flavors, providing ultrapasteurization, and using creative packaging. In addition, United States food manufacturers are requesting dairy processors to provide new dairy fractions such as MPC for new nutrition products. United States dairy policy is attempting to adapt to these changes. Federal order reform has resulted in new market-oriented signals for dairy farmers to produce what the market wants; namely, quality milk components. US dairy farmers, however, also wants to maintain programs such as the DPSP that have had the unfortunate consequence of spurring demand for protein imports (i.e., MPCs, casein, and caseinates) and also resulted in a disincentive to produce these new innovative protein products here in the United States. Surplus skim milk solids are now moving into US Government warehouses rather than into commercial markets. The future of the United States dairy industry will clearly be toward producing innovative products that the market wants. There is a strong market for dairy products not only here in the United States but also overseas, which will mean learning to compete on a global scale. The challenge is to modernize our United States milk pricing programs to provide dairy farmers and processors proper price signals while providing a minimum level of support to dairy farmers. The benefit of a greater orientation toward the market place will be stronger rates of growth for United States-produced dairy products.  相似文献   

The effect of feeding ergot to gilts during early pregnancy     

J Bailey  A E Wrathall  P G Mantle 《The British veterinary journal》1973,129(2):127-133

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Maternal characteristics of young dams representing Bos taurus and Bos indicus x Bos taurus breed types     

C M Bailey  D R Hanks  W D Foote  Y O Koh 《Journal of animal science》1988,66(5):1144-1152

Reproductive traits and preweaning growth of progeny from young Hereford, Red Poll, Hereford X Red Poll, Red Poll X Hereford, Angus X Hereford, Angus X Charolais, Brahman X Hereford and Brahman X Angus dams were evaluated. First-calf heifers were mated with Red Angus bulls; Santa Gertrudis sires were used for each cow's second and third breeding season. Herefords, Red Polls and Hereford-Red Poll crosses were below average in percentage of calves weaned, whereas Angus-sired and Brahman-sired dams exceeded the overall mean. Angus X Charolais (P less than .10), Brahman X Hereford (P less than .01) and Brahman X Angus (P less than .10) dams weaned a higher percentage of calves than straightbred Herefords. None of these breed types differed from young Angus X Hereford females in reproductive performance. Angus X Charolais calves ranked highest in 180-d calf weight, exceeding progeny from both Hereford (P less than .01) and Angus X Hereford (P less than .10) dams. Brahman X Hereford dams weaned heavier (P less than .05) calves than Herefords, but their progeny did not differ at weaning from those reared by Angus X Herefords. Calves from Brahman X Angus dams weighed 12.7 kg less (P less than .01) than Angus X Hereford progeny. Analysis of the Hereford-Red Poll diallel showed evidence of (P less than .10) maternal heterosis in 180-d calf weight.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

BOOK REVIEW     

GD Bailey 《Australian veterinary journal》1993,70(1):6-6

Lot Feeding in Australia – A Survey of the Australian Lot Feeding Industry , RW Tucker, PS Watts, SL Lott and P Jukes  相似文献   

Dorsal Nerve Root Origins of the Cutaneous Nerves of the Feline Pelvic Limb     

C. S. Bailey    R. L. Kitchell    M.J. Guinan  J.W. Sharp 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》1992,21(1):23-31

The dorsal root origins of cutaneous nerves supplying the feline pelvic limb were determined electrophysiologically in 11 cats. Cutaneous nerves were surgically exposed and the presence or absence of an evoked potential in response to stimulation of individual dorsal roots was noted. The dorsal cutaneous branches of L3-L5 and S3, and the lateral cutaneous branch of L3 each arose solely from their parent spinal nerves. The L7, S1, and S2 dorsal cutaneous branches had multiple dorsal root origins. The lateral cutaneous femoral nerve originated from L3-L6 dorsal roots in 4 patterns of origin, and the saphenous nerve originated from L4-L6 dorsal roots in 2 patterns of origin. The lateral and caudal cutaneous sural nerves originated from L6-S1 roots in 2 and 3 patterns, respectively. The lateral and medial plantar nerves arose from L6-S2 roots in 4 and 2 patterns, respectively. The superficial and deep peroneal nerves originated from L6-S1 roots in 2 and 3 patterns, respectively. The caudal cutaneous femoral nerve or its branches arose from L7-S3 in 8 origin patterns. The dorsal nerve of the penis and the superficial perineal nerve arose from L7-S3 and S1-S3 roots, respectively, each in 4 patterns. A subtle correlation between plexus type and dorsal root origins of the cutaneous nerves was noted.  相似文献   

Vertebral canal and spinal cord mensuration: a comparative study of its effect on lumbosacral myelography in the dachshund and German shepherd dog   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

J P Morgan  M Atilola  C S Bailey 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1987,191(8):951-957

One hundred noncontrast spinal radiographic studies followed by myelography were evaluated to compare vertebral canal size and spinal cord location and size in a chondrodystrophic breed (50 Dachshunds) with those variables in a nonchondrodystrophic breed (50 German Shepherd Dogs). Measurements were made of the sagittal diameter (height) of the vertebral canal, sagittal diameter (height) of the spinal cord, and transverse diameter (width) of the spinal cord in the lumbar and sacral regions. Differences were detected in the craniocaudal location of maximal vertebral canal height and maximal spinal cord height. The spinal cords in the Dachshunds terminated further caudally than those in the German Shepherd Dogs. Location of maximal spinal cord width was different between the breeds, consistent with the apparent, more caudal termination of the cord in the Dachshunds. The ratio of spinal cord to vetebral canal heights was notably greater in the Dachshunds than in the German Shepherd Dogs. These differences in vertebral canal and spinal cord mensuration may influence the choice of radiographic technique and its interpretation. Injection sites may be selected further cranially in German Shepherd Dogs (L4-5) than in Dachshunds (L5-6).  相似文献   

Coagulase-positive staphylococcal mastitis in a herd with low somatic cell counts     

K H Hoblet  J S Bailey  D E Pritchard 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1988,192(6):777-780

An increase in clinical mastitis infections was observed in a high-producing 77-cow Holstein herd. Low bulk tank somatic cell counts and individual cow Dairy Herd Improvement Association somatic cell counts observed before, during, and after the epizootic were suggestive of herd environmental mastitis. However, bacteriologic culture survey of the total herd indicated that, in addition to infections possibly attributable to environmental pathogens, 22% (17/77) of the cows were infected with coagulase-positive Staphylococcus spp. Conceivably, investigative efforts and management changes, without bacteriologic culturing, might have resulted in reduction of the clinical infection rate in this herd. However, the continued high prevalence of a contagious pathogen with potential future implications would have gone unnoticed. Somatic cell count in milk from individual cows generally is a useful tool for monitoring the probability of intramammary infection, but must be complemented with bacteriologic culture of milk to determine whether contagious or environmental pathogens are responsible.  相似文献   

Characteristics of cerebrospinal fluid associated with canine granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis: a retrospective study   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

C S Bailey  R J Higgins 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1986,188(4):418-421

Cerebrospinal fluid of 22 dogs with histologically confirmed granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis was analyzed, retrospectively. Seventeen dogs had cisternal CSF analysis, 4 dogs had lumbar CSF analysis, and 1 dog had both. For cisternal CSF, the mean +/- SEM total WBC count was 800.8 +/- 300.9 cells/microliter. The WBC differential count was predominantly lymphoplasmacytic cells, but 13 of the 18 cisternal CSF had polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells, and the mean +/- SEM PMN cell percentage was 18.6 +/- 5.3%. The mean +/- SEM total protein content of cisternal CSF was 255.8 +/- 98 mg/dl. Of 5 cisternal CSF pressures measured, 4 were within the normal range. The mean +/- SEM total WBC count and total protein content of lumbar CSF were 533.4 +/- 256.5 cells/mu/microliter and 163.2 +/- 25 mg of protein/dl, respectively. As with cisternal CSF, the WBC differential count of lumbar CSF was predominantly lymphoplasmacytic cells. Of 5 lumbar CSF, 4 contained PMN cells, but the percentage was less than the PMN cell percentage of cisternal CSF. Although variable, the general pattern of CSF abnormality associated with granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis was different from the CSF abnormalities commonly seen with viral, bacterial, or mycotic encephalitides.  相似文献   

Neurologic abnormalities as the predominant signs of neoplasia of the nasal cavity in dogs and cats: seven cases (1973-1986)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M O Smith  J M Turrel  C S Bailey  G R Cain 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1989,195(2):242-245

Neurologic abnormalities were the predominant historic and physical findings in 5 dogs and 2 cats with primary nasal cavity tumors that had invaded the cranial vault. Seizures, behavior changes, and obtundation were the most common signs. Other neurologic signs included paresis, ataxia, circling, visual deficit, and proprioceptive deficit. Although 1 dog and 2 cats had historic findings of mild respiratory disease, no physical abnormalities related to the respiratory tract were found in any of the 7 animals. Nasal cavity neoplasia was suggested by radiographic and computed tomographic studies and was confirmed histopathologically in each case. The nasal tumor types in the 5 dogs were epidermoid carcinoma (n = 1), adenocarcinoma (n = 2), solid carcinoma (n = 1), and anaplastic chondrosarcoma (n = 1). An esthesioneuroblastoma was found in each cat. Radiation therapy was effective for 3 months in palliating the clinical signs in the 2 dogs in which it was used. Neoplasia of the nasal cavity should be considered in the differential diagnosis for animals with neurologic signs suggestive of cerebral disorders.  相似文献