Synthesis and testing of novel alternative oxidase (AOX) inhibitors with antifungal activity against Moniliophthora perniciosa (Stahel), the causal agent of witches' broom disease of cocoa,and other phytopathogens     

Mario RO Barsottini  Brbara A Pires  Maria L Vieira  Jos GC Pereira  Paulo CS Costa  Jaqueline Sanit  Alessandro Coradini  Fellipe Mello  Cidnei Marschalk  Eder M Silva  Daniele Paschoal  Antonio Figueira  Fbio HS Rodrigues  Artur T Cordeiro  Paulo CML Miranda  Paulo SL Oliveira  Maurício L Sfora  Marcelo F Carazzolle  Silvana A Rocco  Gonalo AG Pereira 《Pest management science》2019,75(5):1295-1303

  相似文献   

Aggregation of rennet-altered casein micelles at low temperatures   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Bansal N  Fox PF  McSweeney PL 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(8):3120-3126

The rennet-induced coagulation of bovine milk at 10 degrees C was investigated. The rate of change of absorbance at 600 nm was higher in milk renneted at 30 degrees C than that at 10 degrees C. The amount of casein sedimented on centrifuging skim milk at 5000g for 1 h at 10 degrees C increased with time after renneting. The viscosity of milk at 10 degrees C at low shear rates did not change significantly until 10 h after rennet addition, but it increased markedly after 20 h. Smaller particles in milk at 10 degrees C disappeared slowly over 36 h after rennet addition and aggregated into larger particles. These results suggested that casein micelles in milk aggregate at low temperatures. Reasons for the slow aggregation of milk renneted at 10 degrees C were investigated by inhibiting chymosin activity by pepstatin A. It is likely that beta-casein, or its hydrolysis, plays a role in aggregation of rennet-altered casein micelles at low temperatures.  相似文献   

Factors affecting the retention of rennet in cheese curd     

Bansal N  Fox PF  McSweeney PL 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(22):9219-9225

The coagulant retained in cheese curd is a major contributor to proteolysis during ripening. The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of several milk-related factors and parameters during cheese manufacture on the retention of coagulant in cheese curd. The amount of coagulant retained in curd was determined by its activity on a synthetic heptapeptide (Pro-Thr-Glu-Phe-[NO2-Phe]-Arg-Leu) using reversed-phase HPLC. The retention of chymosin in cheese curd increased significantly when the pH of milk was reduced at rennet addition below pH 6.1, the pH at whey drainage below pH 5.7, or the average casein micelle size in milk and when the ionic strength of milk was increased. The casein content of milk and the quantity of chymosin added to milk had no significant effect on the retention of chymosin in curd; the quantity of coagulant bound per gram of casein remained unchanged.  相似文献   

Mongolian Tree Rings and 20th-Century Warming   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

GC Jacoby  RD D'Arrigo  T Davaajamts 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,273(5276):771-773

A 450-year tree-ring width chronology of Siberian pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour) growing at timberline (2450 meters) in the Tarvagatay Mountains in west central Mongolia shows wide annual growth rings for the recent century. Ecological site observations and comparisons with instrumental temperature records indicate that the ring widths of these trees are sensitive to annual temperature variations. Low-frequency variations in the Tarvagatay tree-ring record are similar to those in a reconstruction of Arctic annual temperatures, which is based on 20 tree-ring width series from northern North America, Scandinavia, and western Russia. The results indicate that recent warming is unusual relative to temperatures of the past 450 years.  相似文献   

Effects of the pesticides thiotox,dichlorvos and carbofuran on the test fishMystus vittatus     

S. R. Verma  Sarita Rani  S. K. Bansal  R. C. Dalela 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1980,13(2):229-234

A quantitative index of synergism, antagonism and additivity has been measured experimentally in the fishMystus vittatus for three pesticides viz. Thiotox (Endosulfan) (T), Dichlorvos (D) and Carbofuran (C). For a combination of two pesticides, the dose of the one pesticide of a pair was fixed at the no-effect level while the dose of the second pesticide was increased until the entire dose response curve was obtained. To evaluate interactions of three pesticides, the previous pair of pesticides was kept fixed at their combined TL_O level, and the third pesticide was increased and again a dose-response curve was obtained. From the results obtained, it is shown that a particular combination could be synergistic, antagonistic or additive, depending on the relative doses employed. In the present study (T + D)/C combination was most synergistic (toxic) in nature while D/T and C/T were least toxic or antagonistic in their effects. However, T/D, (C + T)/D, C/D and D/C combinations were additive in nature. (D + T)/C, (D + C)/T, (T + C)/D and (C + D)/T combinations were found less synergistic in nature than (T + D)/C.  相似文献   

Stem and leaf rust resistance in wild relatives of wheat with D genome (Aegilops spp.)     

V. K. Vikas  M. Sivasamy  J. Kumar  P. Jayaprakash  Sundeep Kumar  R. Parimalan  Arun Kumar  Kalyani Srinivasan  J. Radhamani  Sherry Rachel Jacob  Mamata Yadav  Jyotisna Rani  I. S. Bisht  D. C. Bhandari  Sunil Archak  M. Dutta  R. K. Tyagi  K. C. Bansal 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2014,61(4):861-874

Resistance to stem rust and leaf rust in five D genome species of wheat viz., 267 accessions of Aegilops tauschii Coss., 39 of Ae. cylindrica Host, 17 of Ae. ventricosa Tausch, 4 of Ae. crassa Boiss. and 8 of Ae. juvenalis (Thell.) Eig were evaluated at adult plant stage. Two hundred and thirty nine (90 %) accessions of Ae. tauschii, 30 (77 %) of Ae. cylindrica, 16 (94 %) of Ae. ventricosa, 3 (75 %) of Ae. crassa Boiss. and 5 (62.5 %) of Ae. juvenalis were resistant to stem rust pathotypes prevalent in South India at Wellington under field condition. Invariably, all the accessions of the five species were resistant to leaf rust pathotypes. Quantitative measurement of disease using area under the disease progress curve revealed the slow progress of disease in the resistant accessions compared to susceptible check (Agra Local). Since all the five species have D genome, it could be concluded that the genes present in D genome might play a vital role in leaf rust resistance, but in case of stem rust resistance wide range of differential response was noticed. Among the species evaluated, Ae. tauschii was exploited to a larger extent, followed by Ae. ventricosa and Ae. cylindrica for leaf and stem rust resistance because of the homology of D genome with hexaploid bread wheat. While, Ae. crassa and Ae. juvenalis could not be utilized so far, possibly due to partial homology which makes the transfer of traits difficult. So, these species have considerable potential as a source of rust resistance and may enhance the existing gene pool of resistance to stem and leaf rusts.  相似文献   

Selection of Semidwarf, Early Maturing and Blast Resistant Mutants after Mutagenic Seed Treatment in Two Locally Adapted Indian Rice Cultivars     

V. K. Bansal  P. C. Katoch 《Plant Breeding》1991,107(2):169-172

The objective of this study was to induce semidwarf, early maturing and blast resistant mutants in two adapted Indian rice cultivars. Seeds of the rice cultivars ‘Madhu Malti’ and ‘Phul Patas 72’ were treated with gamma rays and ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) as well as a combination of gamma rays and EMS. A total of 96 dwarf (< 75 cm) and semidwarf (< 100 cm) and 104 early flowering/maturing M₂ plants were identified among the 18,060 M₂ plants observed. Sixty-eight blast resistant M₂ plants were also identified. The true mutant status of these plants has yet to be determined in progeny tests. The induction of desired mutant types in locally adapted cultivars could prove to be superior over their introduction from non-adapted foreign materials via backcrossing in that the important agronomic characteristics of adaptation to the local environment are retained in the mutants.  相似文献   

Exploitation of wild annual Cicer species for widening the gene pool of chickpea cultivars          下载免费PDF全文

Mohar Singh  Krishna Kumar  Ishwari S. Bisht  Manoranjan Dutta  Mukesh K. Rana  Jai C. Rana  Kailash C. Bansal  Ashutosh Sarker 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(2):186-192

Introgression of unadapted genes from the wild Cicer species could contribute to the widening of genetic base of important traits such as yield, yield attributes and resistance to major biotic and abiotic stresses. An attempt was made successfully to intercross two wild annual Cicer species with three cultivated chickpea cultivars. Four interspecific cross‐combinations were made, and their true hybridity was ascertained through morphological and molecular markers. These cross‐combinations were also studied for some important quantitative traits under real field conditions. The range, mean and coefficient of variation of agro‐morphological traits were assessed in the parental lines, their F₁ and F₂ generations to determine the extent of variability generated in cultivated chickpea varieties. A high level of heterosis was recorded for number of pods/plant and seed yield/plant in F₁ generation. Three cross‐combinations of ‘Pusa 1103’ × ILWC 46, ‘Pusa 256’ × ILWC 46 and ‘Pusa 256’ × ILWC 239 exhibited substantially higher variability for important yield‐related traits. The present research findings indicate that these wild annual Cicer species can be easily exploited to broaden the genetic base of cultivated gene pool for improving seed yield as well as adaptation.  相似文献   

Long-term effect of intensive cultivation with imbalanced use of fertilizers and manures on loamy sand alluvial soils and nutrient status of growing wheat in Lukhi soil series of north-western India     

Komal Singh  S. K. Bansal 《Journal of plant nutrition》2016,39(10):1472-1482

Long-term effects of intensive cultivation and imbalanced fertilization were studied on nutrient concentration of soil and in wheat grown on loamy sand alluvial soils belonging to Lukhi soil series located in semiarid-subtropical region of North-Western India. The same 86 farmers' fields were sampled during 2009 and 2010 which had earlier been studied during 1983 and 1984. Electrical conductivity of soil decreased, pH did not change, and organic carbon improved. In soil, K extractable in 1N NH4OAc and boiling 1N HNO3 depleted to a deficient levels in 2009 from medium levels of 1983. Similarly, DTPA extractable Cu depleted to deficient level from earlier sufficient level in 2009 from medium K and sufficient Cu levels in 1983. Consequently, K and Cu in the top two leaves of wheat decreased to a deficient level in 2010 from a sufficient level in 1984. Sulfur in soils and leaves decreased significantly. Olsen P and DTPA-extractable Zn increased, increasing their contents in leaves. DTPA-extractable manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe) improved.  相似文献   

Proteome-level investigation of Brassica carinata-derived resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans     

Subramanian B  Bansal VK  Kav NN 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(2):313-324

Plants resistant to the fungal pathogen Leptosphaeria maculans were generated by an interspecific cross between the highly susceptible Brassica napus (canola) and the highly resistant Brassica carinata. Changes in the leaf protein profiles of these lines were investigated in order to understand the biochemical basis for the observed resistance. Two-dimensional electrophoresis followed by tandem mass spectrometry led to the identification of proteins unique to the susceptible (5 proteins) and resistant genotypes (7 proteins) as well those that were differentially expressed in the resistant genotype 48 h after challenge with the pathogen (28 proteins). Proteins identified as being unique in the resistant plant material included superoxide dismutase, nitrate reductase, and carbonic anhydrase. Photosynthetic enzymes (fructose bisphosphate aldolase, triose phosphate isomerase, sedoheptulose bisphosphatase), dehydroascorbate reductase, peroxiredoxin, malate dehydrogenase, glutamine synthetase, N-glyceraldehyde-2-phosphotransferase, and peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase were observed to be elevated in the resistant genotype upon pathogen challenge. Increased levels of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase were further validated and supported by spectrophotometric and in-gel activity assays. Other proteins identified in this study such as nitrate reductase and peptidylprolyl isomerase have not been previously described in this plant-pathogen system, and their potential involvement in an incompatible interaction is discussed.  相似文献