Third International Havemeyer Workshop on Equine Herpesvirus type 1     

JH Kydd  J Slater  N Osterrieder  DP Lunn  DF Antczak  W Azab  U Balasuriya  C Barnett  M Brosnahan  C Cook  A Damiani  D Elton  A Frampton  J Gilkerson  L Goehring  D Horohov  L Maxwell  J Minke  P Morley  H Nauwynck  R Newton  G Perkins  N Pusterla  G Soboll-Hussey  J Traub-Dargatz  H Townsend  GR Van de Walle  B Wagner 《Equine veterinary journal》2012,44(5):513-517

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News from the Academy     

John R. Barnett 《Wood Science and Technology》2013,47(1):5-6

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Collie eye anomaly in Collies in the Netherlands     

F. C. Stades  K. C. Barnett 《The Veterinary quarterly》2013,33(2):66-73

Summary

The eyes of 160 Collies were examined for Collie Eye Anomaly, Progressive Retinal Atrophy, and any other eye abnormality present. The incidence of CEA in 160 Collies was 40.6 per cent.

There were no cases of PRA. Other abnormalities noted were distichiasis, persistent pupillary membranes, distinct remnants of the hyaloid artery, corneal dystrophy and unilateral cataracts.  相似文献   

Understanding foot-and-mouth disease virus transmission biology: identification of the indicators of infectiousness     

Margo E Chase-Topping  Ian Handel  Bartlomiej M Bankowski  Nicholas D Juleff  Debi Gibson  Sarah J Cox  Miriam A Windsor  Elizabeth Reid  Claudia Doel  Richard Howey  Paul V Barnett  Mark EJ Woolhouse  Bryan Charleston 《Veterinary research》2013,44(1):46

The control of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) outbreaks in non-endemic countries relies on the rapid detection and removal of infected animals. In this paper we use the observed relationship between the onset of clinical signs and direct contact transmission of FMDV to identify predictors for the onset of clinical signs and identify possible approaches to preclinical screening in the field. Threshold levels for various virological and immunological variables were determined using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and then tested using generalized linear mixed models to determine their ability to predict the onset of clinical signs. In addition, concordance statistics between qualitative real time PCR test results and virus isolation results were evaluated. For the majority of animals (71%), the onset of clinical signs occurred 3–4 days post infection. The onset of clinical signs was associated with high levels of virus in the blood, oropharyngeal fluid and nasal fluid. Virus is first detectable in the oropharyngeal fluid, but detection of virus in the blood and nasal fluid may also be good candidates for preclinical indicators. Detection of virus in the air was also significantly associated with transmission. This study is the first to identify statistically significant indicators of infectiousness for FMDV at defined time periods during disease progression in a natural host species. Identifying factors associated with infectiousness will advance our understanding of transmission mechanisms and refine intra-herd and inter-herd disease transmission models.  相似文献   

Neurological disease in lambs and ewes grazing white clover     

Scholes SF  Barnett JE  Baldwin DG 《The Veterinary record》2008,163(2):59

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BVDV in British alpacas     

Barnett J  Twomey DF  Millar MF  Bell S  Bradshaw J  Higgins RJ  Scholes SF  Errington J  Bromage GG  Oxenham GJ 《The Veterinary record》2008,162(24):795

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Reduction in the mRNA expression of sVEGFR1 and sVEGFR2 is associated with the selection of dominant follicle in cows          下载免费PDF全文

PV Ortega Serrano  A Guzmán  CG Hernández–Coronado  H Castillo‐Juárez  AM Rosales‐Torres 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(6):985-991

The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is essential for follicular development by promoting follicular angiogenesis, as well as for the proliferation and survival of granulosa cells. The biological effects of VEGF are regulated by two membrane receptors, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, and two soluble receptors, sVEGFR1 and sVEGFR2, which play an antagonistic role. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify the mRNA expression pattern of total VEGF, VEGFR1, VEGFR2, sVEGFR1 and sVEGFR2 in bovine preselected follicles (PRF) and post‐selected follicles (POF). The mRNA expression of these five genes in both granulosa cells (GC) and theca cells (TC) was compared between follicles classified as PRF and POF based on their diameter and on their ratio of estradiol/progesterone (E2/P4). Results showed a lower expression of mRNA of sVEGFR1 and sVEGFR2 in POF than in PRF (p < .05). Regarding the mRNA expression of total VEGF, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, there was no difference between POF and PRF follicles (p > .05). Our results showed that the mRNA expression of VEGFR2 and sVEGFR1 was more abundant than the expression of VEGFR1 and sVEGFR2, while GC was the main source of mRNA for total VEGF. On the other hand, TC was the follicular compartment where the receptors were most expressed. Our results suggest that non‐dominant follicles maintain a greater concentration of the mRNA expression of both membrane and soluble VEGF receptors. On the other hand, follicular dominance is related to a reduction in the mRNA expression of sVEGFR1 and sVEGFR2, which may favour VEGF binding with VEGFR2 and, hence, improve the follicular health and development.  相似文献   

Seasonal shoot and needle growth of loblolly pine responds to thinning, fertilization, and crown position     

Zhenmin Tang  Jim L. Chambers  Suresh Guddanti  Shufang Yu  James P. Barnett 《Forest Ecology and Management》1999,120(1-3):117-130

The impacts of thinning, fertilization and crown position on seasonal growth of current-year shoots and foliage were studied in a 13-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation in the sixth post-treatment year (1994). Length of new flushes, and their needle length, leaf area, and oven-dry weight were measured in the upper and lower crown from March through November. Total shoot length was the cumulative length of all flushes on a given shoot and total leaf area per shoot was the sum of leaf areas of the flushes.

By the end of June, first-flush foliage reached 70% of the November needle length (14.3 cm) and 65% of the final leaf area (15.0 cm²). Cumulative shoot length of first- and second-flush shoots achieved 95% of the annual length (30.3 cm), whereas total leaf area per shoot was 55% of the final value (75.3 dm²). Fertilization consistently stimulated fascicle needle length, dry weight, and leaf area in the upper crown. Mean leaf area of upper-crown shoots was increased by 64% six years after fertilization. A significant thinning effect was found to decrease mean leaf area per shoot in the crown. For most of the growing season, the thinned-fertilized trees produced substantially more leaf area per shoot throughout the crown than the thinned-nonfertilized trees. These thinned-fertilized trees also had greater needle length and dry weight, longer first flush shoots, and more leaf area per flush than trees in the thinned-nonfertilized plots. Needle length and leaf area of first flush shoots between April and July were linearly related to previous-month canopy air temperature (T_a). Total shoot length strongly depended on vertical light gradient (PPFD) within the canopy, whereas shoot leaf area was a function of both PPFD and T_a. Thus, trees produced larger and heavier fascicles, more and longer flush shoots, and more leaf area per shoot in the upper crown than the lower crown. We conclude that thinning, fertilization, and crown position regulate annual leaf area production of current-year shoots largely by affecting the expansion of first flush shoots and their foliage during the first half of the growing season.  相似文献   

Engineered baculoviruses for pest control     

Robert D. Possee  Anna L. Barnett  Rachael E. Hawtin  Linda A. King 《Pest management science》1997,51(4):462-470

The present situation with regard to the use of baculoviruses in insect control is outlined. By virtue of their high degree of host specificity, they offer considerable advantages over chemical insecticides, but their practical use is limited by a number of factors, particularly their slow speed of action. Various approaches to the genetic modification of baculoviruses to overcome these problems are described. These have resulted in improvements in insecticidal activity in laboratory trials which are now being confirmed in the field. Thus, genetically modified baculoviruses have a promising future in pest-control programmes. Our increasing knowledge of the genetic factors which regulate their behaviour is showing how other aspects of their performance may be controlled and exploited. ©1997 SCI  相似文献   

Realizing the potential of trait‐based approaches to advance fisheries science     

Lewis A. K. Barnett  Nis S. Jacobsen  James T. Thorson  Jason M. Cope 《Fish and Fisheries》2019,20(5):1034-1050

Analysing how fish populations and their ecological communities respond to perturbations such as fishing and environmental variation is crucial to fisheries science. Researchers often predict fish population dynamics using species‐level life‐history parameters that are treated as fixed over time, while ignoring the impact of intraspecific variation on ecosystem dynamics. However, there is increasing recognition of the need to include processes operating at ecosystem levels (changes in drivers of productivity) while also accounting for variation over space, time and among individuals. To address similar challenges, community ecologists studying plants, insects and other taxa increasingly measure phenotypic characteristics of individual animals that affect fitness or ecological function (termed “functional traits”). Here, we review the history of trait‐based methods in fish and other taxa, and argue that fisheries science could see benefits by integrating trait‐based approaches within existing fisheries analyses. We argue that measuring and modelling functional traits can improve estimates of population and community dynamics, and rapidly detect responses to fishing and environmental drivers. We support this claim using three concrete examples: how trait‐based approaches could account for time‐varying parameters in population models; improve fisheries management and harvest control rules; and inform size‐based models of marine communities. We then present a step‐by‐step primer for how trait‐based methods could be adapted to complement existing models and analyses in fisheries science. Finally, we call for the creation and expansion of publicly available trait databases to facilitate adapting trait‐based methods in fisheries science, to complement existing public databases of life‐history parameters for marine organisms.  相似文献