Biomonitoring and Sourcing Toxic Elements Using Vascular Epiphytes of the Tillandsia Genus in the Mining Region of Taxco de Alarcón,Guerrero, Southern Mexico     

Mendoza-Ramos  Juan Ernesto  Talavera-Mendoza  Oscar  Lopezaraiza-Mikel  Martha Elena  Salgado-Souto  Sergio Adrián  Sayago-Lorenzana  Roberto Carlos  Ruiz  Joaquin  Sampedro-Rosas  Laura  Rosas-Acevedo  José Luis  Aguirre-Noyola  José Luis 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2021,232(1):1-14

Water, Air, &; Soil Pollution - The concentration of As, Pb, Cd, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu and the Sr and Pb isotopic compositions were determined in four species of the vascular epiphyte Tillandsia...  相似文献   

Bacterial community structures in rhizosphere microsites of ryegrass (Lolium perenne var. Nui) as revealed by pyrosequencing     

Lorena M. Lagos  Oscar U. Navarrete  Fumito Maruyama  David E. Crowley  Fernanda P. Cid  María L. Mora  Milko A. Jorquera 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2014,50(8):1253-1266

Management of soils to facilitate plant beneficial microbial interactions requires basic knowledge of the species composition and microbial community structures in the plant rhizosphere. Here, we examined composition of bacterial communities associated with rhizosphere microsites located at the root tips and mature root zones of Lolium perenne when grown in Chilean ash-derived volcanic soils (Andisols: Freire and Piedras Negras soil series). Community structures were analyzed by pyrosequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes followed by in silico analysis for phylogenetic assignments (MOTHUR and Visualization tool for Taxonomic Compositions of Microbial Community (VITCOMIC)). Analysis of the community structure revealed significant differences in community structures in relation to the soil series, which differed particularly in the relative abundance of Cyanobacteria and Firmicutes. However, no significant differences were observed with respect to root microsite location in the same Andisol series. Predominant taxa included members of the Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria. Analysis by VITCOMIC showed that dominant bacterial groups comprised only 5 to 10 % of the total bacterial community and the remaining majority of bacteria included low-abundant taxa (Fusobacteria, Thermotogae, Lentisphaerae, Tenericutes, Deferribacteres Spirochaetes, Planctomycetes, Thermotogae, and Deinococcus-Thermus), most of which have not been previously reported or associated with the plant rhizosphere according to GenBank database. The results indicate that most of bacteria in the Chilean Andisols have not been described to the rhizosphere plants and their functional traits are still largely unknown.  相似文献   

Certification policies and practices in reference to bacterial ring rot     

Oscar Gutbrod 《American Journal of Potato Research》1987,64(12):677-681

  相似文献   

Moving beyond landscape resistance: considerations for the future of connectivity modelling and conservation science     

Unnithan Kumar  Siddharth  Turnbull  Jonathon  Hartman Davies  Oscar  Hodgetts  Timothy  Cushman  Samuel Alan 《Landscape Ecology》2022,37(10):2465-2480

Landscape Ecology - Landscape connectivity, the extent to which a landscape facilitates the flow of ecological processes such as organism movement, has emerged as a central focus of landscape...  相似文献   

Bio-efficacy of the Essential Oil of Oregano (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Origanum vulgare</Emphasis> Lamiaceae. Ssp. <Emphasis Type="Italic">Hirtum</Emphasis>)     

Ezequiel?Grondona  Gerardo?Gatti  Abel?G.?López  Leonardo?Rodolfo?Sánchez  Virginia?Rivero  Oscar?Pessah  María?P.?Zunino  Andrés?A.?PonceEmail author 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2014,69(4):351-357

The aim of this study was to investigate the bioactivity of the essential oil isolated from Origanum vulgare L. (EOv). We analyzed the in vivo anti-inflammatory properties in a mouse-airway inflammation model and the in vitro antimicrobial activity, genotoxicity over the anaphase-telophase with the Allium cepa strain and its cytotoxicity/viability in A549 culture cells. In vivo, EOv modified the levels of tumor necrosis factor -α and viable activated macrophages and was capable to mitigate the effects of degradation of conjugated dienes. In vitro, EOv reduced the viability of cultured A549 cells as well as the mitotic index and a number of chromosomal aberrations; however, it did not change the number of phases. We found that EOv presents antimicrobial activity against different Gram (?) and (+) strains, measured by disc-diffusion test and confirmed with a more accurate method, the AutoCad software. We postulate that EOv presents antibacterial, antioxidant and chemopreventive properties and could be play an important role as bioprotector agent.  相似文献   

Description of the Responses of Some Blood Constituents to Rodeo Exercise in Chilean Creole Horses     

Tamara A. Tadich  Oscar Araya  Fernanda Solar  Nicolás Ansoleaga  Christine J. Nicol 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the Chilean rodeo exercise on some blood constituents, classically used to assess welfare, during rest; training with and without steer; and before and after official competitions. During the training season, 13 horses were assessed at their farms of origins, and samples were taken at rest and after training with and without a steer; then during the competition season, 16 horses were assessed at four different times, one before and three after the competition. The blood constituents assessed were packed cell volume (PCV), total proteins, fibrinogen, cortisol, neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio, creatine phosphokinase, aspartate transaminase, glutathione peroxidase, and serum amyloid A. Analysis of variance for repeated measures was applied using the Statistix 8.0 software, and a significance level of P < .05 was applied. For horses assessed during exercise with and without a steer, significant differences were observed for PCV, which were significantly lower at rest than after both exercises, and total proteins, which showed a significant increase only after exercise with steer. In the case of official competitions, PCV was significantly higher immediately after rodeo, and the lowest value for cortisol was observed the evening after competition (P < .05); among the enzymes assessed, creatine phosphokinase plasma concentrations immediately after rodeo and the evening after competition were significantly higher than concentrations the next morning. The use of physiological indicators did not seem to be sufficient to assess the overall effect of rodeo on the welfare of these horses, and other types of indicators should be considered in future studies.  相似文献   

Genetic diversity and gene flow in six accessions of Meso-America teosintes     

Carlos Henry Loáisiga  Oscar Rocha  Agnese Kolodinska Brantestam  Björn Salomon  Arnulf Merker 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2012,59(1):95-111

The genus Zea (teosinte) has a native distribution from Mexico to Nicaragua (Meso-America region) and studies on teosinte species may help improve our understanding of maize genetics, population genetics, genome evolution and crop evolution. Moreover, since F1 hybrids between teosinte and maize are fertile, all teosinte species can potentially contribute to maize breeding in the form of traits such as resistance or tolerance to heavy metals in the soil and other adverse environmental conditions. Gene flow between maize and teosinte occurs in Mexico and Central America. This study analysed the genetic diversity of teosintes by using the microsatellite technique on a total of 120 individuals from six different species and 21 Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR). A total of 109 alleles were found and the number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 7. The genetic diversity varied between all species from 0.514 to 0.572, with a mean value of 0.548 (Nei index). Rare and unique alleles were detected in all species, with the highest frequencies found in Zea diploperennis Iltis, Doebley et Guzman, Zea perennis (Hitchc.) Reeves et Mangelsdorf and Zea nicaraguensis Iltis et Benz, which had more than seven rare alleles each. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that 19.87% of the variation between species was statistically significant (P < 0.001). When the different species were compared with the Wright (Fst) value, genetic variation between species was confirmed. The data also revealed a moderate rate gene flow between the species. Genetic diversity was found to be somewhat higher in Central America than in Mexico.  相似文献   

Utilization of Marine Waste to Obtain β-Chitin Nanofibers and Films from Giant Humboldt Squid Dosidicus gigas     

Gustavo Cabrera-Barjas  Cristian Gonzlez  Aleksandra Nesic  Kelly P. Marrugo  Oscar Gmez  Cdric Delattre  Oscar Valdes  Heng Yin  Gaston Bravo  Juan Cea 《Marine drugs》2021,19(4)

β-chitin was isolated from marine waste, giant Humboldt squid Dosidicus gigas, and further converted to nanofibers by use of a collider machine under acidic conditions (pH 3). The FTIR, TGA, and NMR analysis confirmed the efficient extraction of β-chitin. The SEM, TEM, and XRD characterization results verified that β-chitin crystalline structure were maintained after mechanical treatment. The mean particle size of β-chitin nanofibers was in the range between 10 and 15 nm, according to the TEM analysis. In addition, the β-chitin nanofibers were converted into films by the simple solvent-casting and drying process at 60 °C. The obtained films had high lightness, which was evidenced by the CIELAB color test. Moreover, the films showed the medium swelling degree (250–290%) in aqueous solutions of different pH and good mechanical resistance in the range between 4 and 17 MPa, depending on film thickness. The results obtained in this work show that marine waste can be efficiently converted to biomaterial by use of mild extractive conditions and simple mechanical treatment, offering great potential for the future development of sustainable multifunctional materials for various industrial applications such as food packaging, agriculture, and/or wound dressing.  相似文献   

Systems modelling and bioeconomic modelling in aquaculture     

Oscar J. Cacho 《Aquaculture Economics & Management (Blackwell Science)》2013,17(1-2):45-64

Abstract

This paper reviews current and potential applications of systems models and bioeconomic models in aquaculture. Basic information on alternative types of models and the process of model design and implementation is presented. A simple optimal control model, applied to harvesting and feeding decisions, is used to illustrate the numerical solution of dynamic optimization problems. The dynamic programming version of the problem is also presented and the advantages of each approach are discussed. The paper concludes with a discussion of future prospects. An overly mathematical language is avoided and emphasis is placed on practical solution techniques.  相似文献   

Effect of diet on the lipid composition of the commercial clam Donax trunculus (Mollusca: bivalvia): sex‐related differences     

Inés Martínez‐Pita  Ismael Hachero‐Cruzado  Clara Sánchez‐Lazo  Oscar Moreno 《Aquaculture Research》2012,43(8):1134-1144

This paper describes the lipid composition of the commercial bivalve Donax trunculus and the differences originated when the animals were fed with two phytoplankton species (Tetraselmis suecica and Chaetoceros sp.) in a hatchery. We also analysed sex‐related differences in lipid classes and fatty acid profile. Total lipids were higher in females than in males. Triglycerides and phospholipids were the major lipid components, and the former dominated in females and the latter in males. The main fatty acids in both sexes were 16:0, 20:5n‐3 (eicosapentaenoic acid) and 22:6n‐3 (docosahexaenoic acid). Females showed higher percentages of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids and lower levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids than males. Significant differences in total lipid, lipid classes and fatty acid profiles were also found due to diet. Docosahexaenoic acid decreased and total lipids, free fatty acids, arachidonic acid and EPA increased in both sexes. Despite these differences, the condition of the species was maintained and the broodstock even maturated.  相似文献