Ammonia‐, Sodium Chloride‐, and Calcium Sulfate‐induced Changes in the Stress Responses of Jundiá, Rhamdia quelen,Juveniles     

Paulo César Falanghe Carneiro  Elaine Correa Swarofsky  Daniana Pinotti E. Souza  Thiago Mocelin Ramos César  Bárbara Baglioli  Bernardo Baldisserotto 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2009,40(6):810-817

Salt (NaCl) and gypsum (CaSO₄) are used as water additives to mitigate fish stress and improve specimen survival. High stocking densities and the transportation of fish can increase aqueous ammonia, which can, in turn, alter fish cortisol secretion. The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of salt, gypsum, and aqueous ammonia on some stress‐induced physiological responses of jundiá, Rhamdia quelen, juveniles induced by captivity and handling, and to determine the lethal ammonia concentration for this species. Jundiá juveniles were subjected to the following five treatments: water only, water + ammonia (0.4 mg/L), water + NH₃ + NaCl (6 g/L), water + NH₃ + gypsum (150 mg/L), and water + NH₃ + NaCl + gypsum. Blood samples were taken after intervals of 1, 5, 24, and 96 h, and the concentrations of cortisol, glucose, chloride, ammonia, and hematocrit were determined. The NH₃ LC₅₀ value after 96 h of exposure (LC_50?96h) was measured to be 1.9 mg/L NH₃. Either salt or gypsum reduced both cortisol and glucose levels during most of the experimental period, but the combination of both reduced these levels even further. The combined use of NaCl and CaSO₄ demonstrates a synergic effect on mitigating stress responses induced by handling and aqueous ammonia in jundiá juveniles.  相似文献   

Plitidepsin has a safe cardiac profile: a comprehensive analysis     

Soto-Matos A  Szyldergemajn S  Extremera S  Miguel-Lillo B  Alfaro V  Coronado C  Lardelli P  Roy E  Corrado CS  Kahatt C 《Marine drugs》2011,9(6):1007-1023

Plitidepsin is a cyclic depsipeptide of marine origin in clinical development in cancer patients. Previously, some depsipeptides have been linked to increased cardiac toxicity. Clinical databases were searched for cardiac adverse events (CAEs) that occurred in clinical trials with the single-agent plitidepsin. Demographic, clinical and pharmacological variables were explored by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Forty-six of 578 treated patients (8.0%) had at least one CAE (11 patients (1.9%) with plitidepsin-related CAEs), none with fatal outcome as a direct consequence. The more frequent CAEs were rhythm abnormalities (n = 31; 5.4%), mostly atrial fibrillation/flutter (n = 15; 2.6%). Of note, life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias did not occur. Myocardial injury events (n = 17; 3.0%) included possible ischemic-related and non-ischemic events. Other events (miscellaneous, n = 6; 1.0%) were not related to plitidepsin. Significant associations were found with prostate or pancreas cancer primary diagnosis (p = 0.0017), known baseline cardiac risk factors (p = 0.0072), myalgia present at baseline (p = 0.0140), hemoglobin levels lower than 10 g/dL (p = 0.0208) and grade ≥2 hypokalemia (p = 0.0095). Treatment-related variables (plitidepsin dose, number of cycles, schedule and/or total cumulative dose) were not associated. Electrocardiograms performed before and after plitidepsin administration (n = 136) detected no relevant effect on QTc interval. None of the pharmacokinetic parameters analyzed had a significant impact on the probability of developing a CAE. In conclusion, the most frequent CAE type was atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter, although its frequency was not different to that reported in the age-matched healthy population, while other CAEs types were rare. No dose-cumulative pattern was observed, and no treatment-related variables were associated with CAEs. Relevant risk factors identified were related to the patient's condition and/or to disease-related characteristics rather than to drug exposure. Therefore, the current analysis supports a safe cardiac risk profile for single-agent plitidepsin in cancer patients.  相似文献   

Brucellosis: A rapid risk assessment by a regional outbreak team and its coordinated response with the Directorate‐General for Food and Veterinary,North region of Portugal, 2019     

Ana Mendes  Bernardo Gomes  Luís Sousa  Helena Moreira  Incia Rosa  Sílvia Marques  Elsa Machado  Graa Cruz Alves  Maria Neto 《Zoonoses and public health》2020,67(5):587-590

We report a Brucella outbreak with seven cases in the Northern Region of Portugal in 2018–2019, associated with the consumption of fresh cheese. This outbreak has implications for risk assessment in Portuguese migrants related to this area, and it is an example of cooperation between public institutions, in a One Health based approach.  相似文献   

Genomic instability in mice lacking histone H2AX   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Celeste A  Petersen S  Romanienko PJ  Fernandez-Capetillo O  Chen HT  Sedelnikova OA  Reina-San-Martin B  Coppola V  Meffre E  Difilippantonio MJ  Redon C  Pilch DR  Olaru A  Eckhaus M  Camerini-Otero RD  Tessarollo L  Livak F  Manova K  Bonner WM  Nussenzweig MC  Nussenzweig A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,296(5569):922-927

Higher order chromatin structure presents a barrier to the recognition and repair of DNA damage. Double-strand breaks (DSBs) induce histone H2AX phosphorylation, which is associated with the recruitment of repair factors to damaged DNA. To help clarify the physiological role of H2AX, we targeted H2AX in mice. Although H2AX is not essential for irradiation-induced cell-cycle checkpoints, H2AX-/- mice were radiation sensitive, growth retarded, and immune deficient, and mutant males were infertile. These pleiotropic phenotypes were associated with chromosomal instability, repair defects, and impaired recruitment of Nbs1, 53bp1, and Brca1, but not Rad51, to irradiation-induced foci. Thus, H2AX is critical for facilitating the assembly of specific DNA-repair complexes on damaged DNA.  相似文献   

Y chromosome of D. pseudoobscura is not homologous to the ancestral Drosophila Y     

Carvalho AB  Clark AG 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,307(5706):108-110

We report a genome-wide search of Y-linked genes in Drosophila pseudoobscura. All six identifiable orthologs of the D. melanogaster Y-linked genes have autosomal inheritance in D. pseudoobscura. Four orthologs were investigated in detail and proved to be Y-linked in D. guanche and D. bifasciata, which shows that less than 18 million years ago the ancestral Drosophila Y chromosome was translocated to an autosome in the D. pseudoobscura lineage. We found 15 genes and pseudogenes in the current Y of D. pseudoobscura, and none are shared with the D. melanogaster Y. Hence, the Y chromosome in the D. pseudoobscura lineage appears to have arisen de novo and is not homologous to the D. melanogaster Y.  相似文献   

Biofilm formation by virulent and non-virulent strains of Haemophilus parasuis     

Bernardo Bello-Ortí  Vincent Deslandes  Yannick DN Tremblay  Josée Labrie  Kate J Howell  Alexander W Tucker  Duncan J Maskell  Virginia Aragon  Mario Jacques 《Veterinary research》2014,45(1)

  相似文献   

Salt in the Food and Water as a Supportive Therapy for Ichthyophthirius multifiliis Infestation on Silver Catfish, Rhamdia quelen, Fingerlings     

Lucianode  O. Garcia  Alexssandro G.  Becker  Carlos E.  Copatti  Bernardo  Baldisserotto João Radünz  Neto 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2007,38(1):1-11

This study verified the efficacy of common salt (NaCl) in the food and water as a supportive therapy for Ichthyophthirius multifiliis and growth of silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen, fingerlings. After appearance of the first white spots following experimental exposure, indicating infestation by this parasite, fish were transferred to eighteen 40‐L polypropylene tanks and kept for 30 d. Experimental diets were prepared with five different levels of salt supplementation: 0.0, 1.2, 2.5, 5.0, and 6.0% for 30 d. In addition, another group of fish were fed a diet without salt supplementation but exposed to 4 g of salt/L of water. Fingerlings were collected at different times for analyses of whole‐body Na⁺, K⁺, and Cl^?. Dietary salt supplementation provoked a transitory increase in whole‐body Na⁺, K⁺, and Cl^? in infested catfish fingerlings, but the best stabilization of these ion levels was observed in specimens exposed to salt in the water. Silver catfish fed a diet containing 1.2% salt showed higher weight and biomass after 30 d compared to those fed with 6% salt. The use of 4 g of salt/L of water improved survival of infested silver catfish, but dietary salt supplementation was ineffective as a therapy for ichthyophthiriasis.  相似文献   

Survival, growth and biochemical parameters of silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824), juveniles exposed to different dissolved oxygen levels     

Neiva Braun  Ronaldo Lima de Lima  Bibiana Moraes  Vania Lucia Loro  & Bernardo Baldisserotto 《Aquaculture Research》2006,37(15):1524-1531

Silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824), is an endemic species from Latin America that is raised in cultivation ponds, and consequently may be exposed to low oxygen levels. Therefore, the objective of this study was to verify the lethal concentration (CL_{50?96 h}) of dissolved oxygen levels for silver catfish juveniles. In addition, the effects of different dissolved oxygen levels (1.96±0.08, 3.10±0.10, 4.14±0.09, 5.20±0.07 and 6.16±0.03 mg L^?1) on growth and metabolic parameters (glycogen, glucose, protein, lactate levels and catalase activity) were also investigated. CL_{50?96 h} was 0.52 mg L^?1 (CI 0.42–0.61 mg L^?1) or 6.7% oxygen saturation. After exposure of silver catfish to hypoxia for 30 days, there were no changes in biochemical parameters indicating the use of an anaerobic pathway by the fish. However, the dissolved oxygen levels influenced silver catfish juvenile behaviour, survival and growth, and under the experimental conditions 5.2 mg L^?1 (or 65.6% oxygen saturation) is the minimum oxygen level recommended for the growth of this species.  相似文献   

Perspectives for development of low impact aquaculture in a Western Mediterranean lagoon: the case of the carpet clam Tapes decussatus     

L.A. Chessa  F. Paesanti  A. Pais  M. Scardi  S. Serra  L. vitale 《Aquaculture International》2005,13(1-2):147-155

Some 30,000 specimens of the Mediterranean clam Tapes decussatus were suspended in nylon bags of two different mesh sizes and pre-grown in the Calich lagoon (Sardinia, Italy) from March to June 2001. The samples differed in size at the end of the pre-growth stage. They were then sown at a density of 650 specimens m^–2 in two stations of the lagoon. The growth rates in the stations were different according to the Von Bertalanffy model. Primary and secondary plankton production was calculated by field measurements as well as by modelling. The results indicate that the Calich lagoon could produce a maximum of 753.25 g m^–2 yr ^–1 WW, with shell, for Tapes decussatus. Our culture experiments lasted 15 months with an estimated mortality of 50% and the yield of T. decussatus was 4.3 times greater than the calculated natural production.  相似文献   

Growth and yield of coffee plants in agroforestry and monoculture systems in Minas Gerais, Brazil     

Mônica Matoso Campanha  Ricardo Henrique Silva Santos  Gilberto Bernardo de Freitas  Hermínia Emília Prieto Martinez  Silvana Lages Ribeiro Garcia  Fernando Luiz Finger 《Agroforestry Systems》2004,63(1):75-82

This research compared coffee plants (Coffea arabica L.) grown in an agroforestry and monoculture systems. Data were collected during two years, on vegetative growth, reproductive development, nutritional status and yield of coffee, besides monitoring air temperature and the tree growth. All trees in agroforestry system increased in growth, resulting in a reduction in the magnitude of the diurnal temperature variation and also maximum temperature. Coffee plants in agroforestry system had less branch growth and leaf production, more persistent and larger leaves, and presented earlier flowering, with a smaller number of productive nodes and flower buds, leading to smaller berry yield than plants in monoculture system. In both systems, the coffee plants showed adequate leaf nutrient levels, except for P and K. The yield of 2443 kg ha^-1 of coffee from the monoculture was greater than 515 kg ha^-1 of coffee from the agroforestry system.  相似文献