Reactions to Gudair® vaccination identified in sheep used for biomedical research     

GC Musk  H Kershaw  K Tano  A Niklasson  M von Unge  RJ Dilley 《Australian veterinary journal》2019,97(3):56-60

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The effects of ventilation on intercranial and cerebral perfusion pressures in isoflurane-anaesthetized horses     

RJ Brosnan  EP Steffey  RA LeCouteur  A Imai  GD Kortz 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2002,29(2):91-92

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Hepatozoon species infection in wild red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) on the Isle of Wight     

Simpson VR  Birtles RJ  Bown KJ  Panciera RJ  Butler H  Davison N 《The Veterinary record》2006,159(7):202-205

Postmortem examinations of 49 red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) found dead on the Isle of Wight revealed the presence of a Hepatozoon species in 18 of them (37 per cent). The prevalence of infection was highest in subadult animals and no juveniles were infected. The prevalence was higher in the squirrels dying from natural causes (nine of 12) than in squirrels killed in road accidents (seven of 27). The weight of infection varied, and there were heavy infections in squirrels dying from toxoplasmosis and bacterial pneumonia. A PCR-based assay was used to identify the presence of Hepatozoon species DNA in the lungs, and immunoperoxidase staining was used to confirm the identity of schizonts observed in histological sections. The nucleotide base sequence of the PCR products indicated that the organism was a novel species closely related to, but distinct from, Hepatozoon erhardovae of bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus).  相似文献   

Salmonella Dublin infection in Queensland dairy cattle     

KF TRUEMAN  RJ THOMAS  AR MACKENZIE  LE EAVES  PF DUFFY 《Australian veterinary journal》1996,74(5):367-369

Objective: To investigate the presence of Salmonella Dublin in Queensland cattle.
Design: An epidemiological study using diagnostic laboratory information and farm records.
Procedure: Outbreaks of gastroenteritis or pneumonia in calves, and abortions and enteritis in cows were routinely investigated for the presence of salmonellae. Where S Dublin was isolated, attempts were made to gather further epidemiological information.
Results: Prior to 1983 only two outbreaks of S Dublin have been recorded in Queensland dairy cattle. In 1983 S Dublin abortions were diagnosed in dairy heifers introduced from southern Australia to south-east Queensland. Sampling indicated that at least 10% of the 500 introduced heifers were faecal excretors of S Dublin. On 3 of the 7 farms from which S Dublin was recorded, infection spread to other cattle that were in contact. From February 1985 to February 1996, 29 outbreaks of S Dublin in cattle occurred on 29 farms (28 in south east Queensland and 1 in north Queensland). Calves were primarily affected. Continuing outbreaks were confirmed on only 4 of these 29 farms. On 15 farms S Dublin infections were associated with the purchase of infected calves or cows, while another farm adjoined 2 previously infected farms. No source of S Dublin was evident for the other 13 farms, where histories were often inadequate.
Conclusion: There has been a marked increase in S Dublin outbreaks in Queensland dairy cattle since 1983. Introduction of S Dublin carrier and aborting dairy heifers from southern Australia, where S Dublin is not uncommon, was associated with the initial outbreaks.  相似文献   

Monitoring and surveillance in abattoirs of residues of antibacterial substances – a description of programs in Australia and the USA     

JL CUPIT  NL BLACKMAN†  TJ NICHOLLS†  IB STEPHENS†  RJ WILD 《Australian veterinary journal》1994,71(12):400-403

SUMMARY Australia and the USA are major international meat exporting countries. Both countries conduct programs to monitor and survey for antibacterial residues. Australian programs use a urine screening test, whereas the US programs use tissue fluids as the test medium. The development of surveillance programs to provide rapid feedback to producers is a feature of the Australian programs. The programs in each country compare favourably with regard to numbers of animals tested, results and action taken to prevent residues. The results of the Australian programs justify the promotion of a ‘clean food’ image for Australian meat products with respect to antibacterial drugs.  相似文献   

Anthelmintic resistance in the field: Changes in resistance status of parasitic populations in response to anthelmintic treatment     

PJ WALLER  RJ DOBSON  A. AXELSEN 《Australian veterinary journal》1988,65(12):376-378

Changes in anthelmintic resistance in nematode parasites were monitored in sheep grazing on 2 separate farms, but with the same anthelmintic treatment program, over 16 years. High levels of benzimidazole resistance emerged in Ostertagia and Trichostrongylus spp populations on both farms following 9 years of continuous use of this class of drug. Subsequently, variations in the levels of resistance occurred for the same species between farms and between species on the same farm. A change to levamisole for 2 years resulted in a significant reversion towards benzimidazole susceptibility, but a concomitant rise in levamisole resistance, in Ostertagia on one farm. However, benzimidazole resistance increased rapidly following the re-introduction of oxfendazole into the anthelmintic treatment program. Results from both farms illustrate the pitfalls of using one anthelmintic class for an extended period and provide indirect support for the alternation of anthelmintic classes at approximately yearly intervals.  相似文献   

Feeding practices in Thoroughbred and Standardbred racehorse stables     

LLD SOUTHWOOD  DL EVANS  WL BRYDEN  RJ ROSE 《Australian veterinary journal》1993,70(5):184-185

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Pyrrolizidine alkaloidosis of cattle associated with Senecio lautu     

JW NOBLE  JdeB CROSSLEY  BD HILL†  RJ PIERCE†  RA McKENZIE‡  M. DEBRITZ§  AA MORLEY¶ 《Australian veterinary journal》1994,71(7):196-200

Summary Serious incidents of pyrrolizidine alkaloidosis of cattle in 10 herds exposed to the Australian native plant, Senecio lautus (Asteraceae), were seen in central Queensland during 1988–1992. The deaths of 226 cattle were recorded. A mean of 8% of cattle died in affected groups (range 2 to 58%). Sickness and deaths usually occurred some months after access to S lautus. Typically, affected cattle lost body condition to the point of emaciation before dying and had persistent diarrhoea. Some animals developed abnormal behaviour and died after a shorter illness. Liver specimens from affected cattle in all herds contained lesions consistent with pyrrolizidine alkaloidosis. Thin layer chromatography of extracts of blood and liver samples from cattle from 5 herds detected pyrrolic metabolites. The identity of these was confirmed by mass spectroscopy on samples from one herd. Unseasonal autumn and winter rain after a dry summer appeared to favour growth of S lautus at the expense of other pasture species. A subsequent dry period promoted consumption of S lautus and was followed by a cluster of poisoning incidents.  相似文献   

Age-related functional changes in the follicle-associated epithelium of the bursa of Fabricius in Shaver cockerels   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Saifuddin M  Manktelow BW  Moriarty KM  Christensen NH  Birtles MJ 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1988,36(3):108-111

A study of the age-related functions of immunologically important components of the bursa of Fabricius in Shaver cockerels showed that endocytosis of carbon particles by the specialised follicle-associated epithelium was at a high level from hatching until 5 weeks of age and thereafter declined until at 18 weeks it could no longer be detected. The follicle-associated epithelium had marked non-specific esterase activity during the first 15 weeks of life as determined by a standard acid alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase method. The absolute weight of the bursa was at a maximum at 9 to 10 weeks. Involution began before 14 weeks and was complete by 22 weeks. The results indicate that the critical period for the bursa in regard to acquiring immunity from either local vaccination or environmental challenge is likely to be within the first five weeks of life.  相似文献   

An immunocytochemical method for studying patterns of cell proliferation in the wool follicle     

Holle SA  Birtles MJ 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1990,38(3):89-93

The identification of cell proliferation sites in the wool follicle bulbs of the skin of New Zealand Romney sheep was investigated with two immunocytochemical techniques. These methods were based on the in vivo labelling of DNA synthesising follicle matrix cells with the thymidine analogue 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and a surgical preparation of the skin on the lateral abdominal flank of the sheep. Using a monoclonal antibody to BrdU, an indirect immunoenzyme method and a biotin-streptavidin method were compared for specificity and sensitivity in detecting replicating bulb matrix cells which had incorporated infused BrdU during the S-phase of the cell cycle. The immunocytochemical results for both methods showed a black-brown staining reaction of cell nuclei entering mitosis. The biotin-streptavidin method proved to be more highly specific and sensitive than the immunoenzyme technique. The immunocytochemical detection of cell cycle S-phase is highly suited for studying cell proliferation sites and cytokinetics in wool follicle bulbs and in other mitotically active tissues. Immunocytochemical detection of mitotically active cells has the advantages of high specificity, cost efficiency and rapidity and may be an alternative to methods employing metaphase arresting agents like colchicine or autoradiography.  相似文献