Germ line p53 mutations in a familial syndrome of breast cancer, sarcomas, and other neoplasms   总被引：160，自引：0，他引：160  

D Malkin  F P Li  L C Strong  J F Fraumeni  C E Nelson  D H Kim  J Kassel  M A Gryka  F Z Bischoff  M A Tainsky 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1990,250(4985):1233-1238

Familial cancer syndromes have helped to define the role of tumor suppressor genes in the development of cancer. The dominantly inherited Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is of particular interest because of the diversity of childhood and adult tumors that occur in affected individuals. The rarity and high mortality of LFS precluded formal linkage analysis. The alternative approach was to select the most plausible candidate gene. The tumor suppressor gene, p53, was studied because of previous indications that this gene is inactivated in the sporadic (nonfamilial) forms of most cancers that are associated with LFS. Germ line p53 mutations have been detected in all five LFS families analyzed. These mutations do not produce amounts of mutant p53 protein expected to exert a trans-dominant loss of function effect on wild-type p53 protein. The frequency of germ line p53 mutations can now be examined in additional families with LFS, and in other cancer patients and families with clinical features that might be attributed to the mutation.  相似文献   

Evaluation of serological tests for detecting tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) antibodies in animals     

Klaus C  Beer M  Saier R  Schubert H  Bischoff S  Süss J 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2011,124(11-12):443-449

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in animals is not well understood yet. TBE virus (TBEV) serology in several host species could be valuable for epidemiological analyses in the field as well as for the detection of clinical cases. However, performance and suitability of the available test systems are not well assessed. Therefore, we evaluated two commercial TBEV-ELISA kits in a pilot study and compared them for their suitability in veterinary applications. For this purpose, we tested 163 field collected goat sera and evaluated the results by serum neutralization test (SNT) as "gold standard". Twenty-eight SNT positive sera (17.2%) were detected. The best suited ELISA kit was used for determination of a species-specific cutoff for horses, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, mice, dogs, rabbits and monkeys with defined sera from animals without known or with improbable contact to TBEV. The level of non-specific ELISA results does not only differ between animal species but may also be influenced by the age of the tested animals. The number of sera which tested false positive by ELISA was higher in older than in young sheep. In order to obtain defined polyclonal sera as references, two dogs, cattle, goats, sheep, rabbits and pigs each, as well as one horse and 90 mice were immunized four times with a commercially available TBEV vaccine. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that commercial TBEV-ELISA kits are suitable for application in veterinary medicine for both, verification of clinical TBE cases and epidemiological screening. However, positive ELISA results should be verified by SNT. Only a very low number of false negative ELISA-results were found.  相似文献   

Behavioral responses of turkeys subjected to different climatic conditions     

Mendes  Angélica Signor  de Moura  Daniella Jorge  Nunes  Isadora Bischoff  dos Santos  Isabela Lopes  de Souza  Cleverson  Morello  Gabriela Munhoz  Takahashi  Sabrina Endo 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(6):2855-2862

I was evaluated the effect of seven different combinations of temperature, air velocity, and relative air humidity on the frequency and duration of eating, drinking, resting, cannibalism, dust bathing, scratching, ground pecking, shivering, and stretching behaviors of turkeys at three different ages. The combinations tested of temperature, relative air humidity, and air velocity were, respectively: 1 (22 °C, 50%, 1 m/s); 2 (26.2 °C, 73.2%, 0.45 m/s); 3 (26.6 °C, 71.2%, 1 m/s); 4 (28.9 °C, 72%, 1.4 m/s); 5 (31.1 °C, 85%, 0.45 m/s); 6 (34.1 °C, 82.1%, 1 m/s); and 7 (34.4 °C, 82.1%, 1.4 m/s) for three ages of birds (61, 96, and 131 days of age). Seven birds were housed per pen, at a density of 3 males/m², totaling 147 birds in the entire experiment. Each combination was applied for 5 days. The data were analyzed considering the number of times the bird performed the behavior and the time it performed (in seconds). Each pen was considered a repetition. A comparison of the medians was used to compare the treatments by each age. The results showed that young birds were more likely to suffer from the combination of low temperature and high air velocity, reducing their frequency of normal behaviors. Increased humidity at a low temperature raised the frequency of scratching, shivering, and cannibalism behaviors leading to poorer bird welfare. It is recommended that the temperature, relative air humidity, and air velocity combination of 26.6 °C; 71.2%; and 1 m/s, respectively, for young birds, and 22 °C; 50%; and 1 m/s, respectively, for older birds should be used.

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Rib osteomyelitis in three foals     

KM Neil  RE Charman  JR Vasey 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(3):96-100

Three foals aged between 21 and 44 days were presented for evaluation of pyrexia and lameness. Each had subcutaneous abscessation associated with osteomyelitis of a rib at the costochondral junction and pathological fracture of the affected rib; one foal had more than one rib affected. Other localised sites of infection included other sites of osteomyelitis, omphalophlebitis, uveitis, enterocolitis, and calcaneal bursitis. The subcutaneous abscessation and rib osteomyelitis was treated surgically in two foals. Salmonella typhimurium was isolated from the subcutaneous abscess in one foal and from the faeces of another. Two of the three foals were euthanased. Ultrasonography was a more useful modality than radiography for establishing the diagnosis of costal osteomyelitis.  相似文献   

Surface and subsurface microbial biomass, community structure and metabolic activity as a function of soil depth and season   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

E. Blume  M. Bischoff  J. M. Reichert  T. Moorman  A. Konopka  R. F. Turco   《Applied soil ecology》2002,20(3):171-181

Microbial biomass, size and community structure along with an estimate of microbial activity and soil chemical parameters were determined at three depths in two soils (e.g. sandy loam Ultic Hapludalf and silt loam Mollic Hapludalf) replicated three times under one winter and summer season. Microbial biomass and community structure were estimated from phospholipid-PO₄ content and fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) measurements. Microbial activity and assimilative capacity were estimated using a ³H-acetate incorporation into phospholipids and by incubating the soil samples at the average winter and summer temperatures, 3 and 20 °C, respectively. We found that the size of the microbial biomass in both the surface and the subsurface soils was not significantly affected by the seasonal variation but activity increased by as much as 83% at the summer temperatures in the surface soil. We demonstrated using FAME analysis that for both soils seasonal changes in the subsurface microbial community occurred. These findings suggest that winter conditions will shift the population activity level in both the surface and subsurface systems and the biochemical structure of the community in the subsurface. In all cases, the inorganic chemical properties of the soil, as a function of season, remained constant. The greatly increased activity of microbial population at the higher temperature will favor the capacity of the system to utilize nutrients or organic materials that may enter soil. During low temperature seasons the capacity of either surface or subsurface soils to assimilate materials is generally diminished but the reduction reflects changes in metabolism and not a reduced biomass size.  相似文献   

Cadmium induced alterations in the intestinal absorption of glucose and fructose in a freshwater cat fish,Heteropneustes fossilis     

K. V. Sastry  KM. Subhadra 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1983,20(3):293-297

The effect of four concentrations (1.0, 0.1, 0.01, and 0.001 mM) of Cd on the rate of absorption of two sugars, glucose and fructose by the intestine of the fresh water cat fish, Heteropneustes fossilis has been studied after 1 h at 23 °C. Intestinal glucose and fructose transport was also assessed in fish exposed to a sublettral concentration (0.0023 mM) of Cd in the ambient water for 15 and 30 days. Control fish showed no marked difference in the rates of absorption of glucose and fructose. All four concentrations of Cd decreased the rate of transport of glucose and fructose significantly. Among the two sugars, decrease in the rate of transport of fructose was more marked than glucose. In fish exposed to Cd in the ambient water, reduction of glucose and fructose absorption was greater after 30 days of exposure than after 15 days.  相似文献   

Overview and initial results of the very long baseline interferometry space observatory programme   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

H Hirabayashi  H Hirosawa  H Kobayashi  Y Murata  PG Edwards  EB Fomalont  K Fujisawa  T Ichikawa  T Kii  JEJ Lovell  GA Moellenbrock  R Okayasu  M Inoue  N Kawaguchi  S Kameno  KM Shibata  Y Asaki  T Bushimata  S Enome  S Horiuchi  T Miyaji  T Umemoto  V Migenes  K Wajima  J Nakajima  al et 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,281(5384):1825-1829

High angular resolution images of extragalactic radio sources are being made with the Highly Advanced Laboratory for Communications and Astronomy (HALCA) satellite and ground-based radio telescopes as part of the Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) Space Observatory Programme (VSOP). VSOP observations at 1.6 and 5 gigahertz of the milli-arc-second-scale structure of radio quasars enable the quasar core size and the corresponding brightness temperature to be determined, and they enable the motions of jet components that are close to the core to be studied. Here, VSOP images of the gamma-ray source 1156+295, the quasar 1548+056, the ultraluminous quasar 0014+813, and the superluminal quasar 0212+735 are presented and discussed.  相似文献   

Wounds of the pastern and foot region managed with phalangeal casts: 50 cases in 49 horses (1995–2006)     

KM Ketzner  AA Stewart  CR Byron  M Stewart  EM Gaughan  PD Vanharreveld  JD Lillich 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(9):363-368

Objective   Describe the use of a phalangeal cast as treatment for wounds in the pastern and foot region of horses. Secondly, to evaluate the healing and soundness of horses treated with phalangeal casts.
Design   Retrospective study of 49 horses.
Procedures   Medical records of 49 horses that were treated with a phalangeal cast for 50 cases of wounds in the pastern and foot region at equine referral hospitals from 1995 to 2006 were reviewed and follow-up information was obtained.
Results   Treatment consisted of wound debridement, lavage, wound closure (28 wounds), cast application and antibiotics (84%). At follow-up, the majority of horses were sound (42 of 47 wounds, 89.4%), three horses were still lame and one horse was euthanased because of persistent lameness. Three horses were lost to follow-up. There was no statistical difference between the outcomes of horses treated acutely (<24 h) or after a 24-h delay. Similarly, the involvement of synovial structures in the wound did not significantly influence outcome.
Conclusions   In this study, wounds involving the pastern and foot that were treated with a phalangeal cast carried a good prognosis for soundness (89.4%) and cosmetic healing (89.5%). The phalangeal casts were well-tolerated and effective.  相似文献   

Juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L., 1758) farmed in a modern low-water exchange RAS device: Growth performance using different diets and its commercial implications     

Adrian A. Bischoff  Michael Lutz 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2018,30(1):15-28

One step to improve the economics of Recirculated Aquaculture Systems (RAS) is the use of the right feed. A 12-week lasting growth trial with juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) with an average initial weight of 54.4 ± 19.3 g evaluated the economic impact of choosing the best feed. Therefore, commercially available feeds recommended for turbot culture, two floating (feed 1 and feed 3) and one sinking (feed 2), were tested in a low-water exchange RAS device. Compositions of the macronutrients for the floating diets were 56.0% (protein), 12.0% (fat), 1.1% (fiber), and 10.0% (ash) for feed 1, which will be referred to as Floating 1, and 55.0% (protein), 16.0% (fat), 0.7% (fiber), and 11.0% (ash) for feed 3, which will be referred as Floating 2. The macronutrient composition of feed 2, which will be referred to as Sinking, was 50.0% (protein), 15.0% (fat), 1.4% (fiber), and 9.9% (ash). Growth performance differed significantly between feeds; the specific growth rates (SGR) ranged between 0.92% d^?1 (Sinking) and 1.25% d^?1 (Floating 1 and 2), resulting in a significantly higher growth rate for the floating feeds. Feed conversion ratios (FCR) were also significantly different, and Sinking showed the highest FCRs during the experiment. We assume that this was caused by the different swimming characteristics of the feeds and the foraging behavior of the fish instead of the different nutritional compositions of the diets. Including retailer prices, the feed costs per kg produced fish differed between 9.3% and 20.2%, resulting in the highest production costs for the Sinking. Therefore, finding the right feed for turbot and optimizing the feeding regime according to its requirements will improve the economic feasibility of turbot culture.  相似文献   

Pasteurisierung von Fischmehl durch Bestrahlung1     

U. Reusse  J. Bischoff  G. Fleischhauer  R. Geister 《Zoonoses and public health》1976,23(2):158-170

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