Biological features and life table parameters of the mealy plum aphidHyalopterus pruni on different apricot cultivars     

M. S. Özgökçe  R. Atlıhan 《Phytoparasitica》2005,33(1):7-14

Development, survival, reproduction rate, and population growth parameters of the mealy plum aphidHyalopterus pruni (Geoffroy) (Hom.: Aphididae) were evaluated on four different apricot cultivars (Tyrinte, Sakıt, Colomer, and Bebeco) under field conditions in the Van region of Turkey. Experiments were carried out on exterior leaves of trees, 1.5–2 m above the ground. Plexiglas clip-cells (25×6 mm) with the upper side covered by muslin were used in the experiments. The mealy plum aphid performed better on Tyrinte than on the other cultivars tested. The fastest development time (first instar to adult; 9.4 days), highest daily reproduction rate (2.6 offspring/aphid/day), and highest total fecundity (48.1 offspring/aphid) were obtained on Tyrinte. The intrinsic rate of increase — a good indicator of the growth potential of a population — of individuals fed on Tyrinte was significantly greater than that of individuals fed on cvs. Colomer and Bebeco. While mean generation times (T _o ) of populations on different cultivars were close to each other, the net reproductive rate was the highest (29.45 offspring/aphid/generation) on Tyrinte and the population doubling time on Tyrinte was 18.7%, 25.2% and 26.3% faster than those of individuals on other cultivars tested. The results obtained in this study indicated that Tyrinte appeared to be the most susceptible to the mealy plum aphid among the cultivars tested. http://www.phytoparasitica.org. posting Nov. 23, 2004.  相似文献   

Kohlfliegenauftreten im Raps     

E. Erichsen  S. Hünmörder 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2005,57(6):149-157

A new pest in oilseed rape the cabbage root fly (Delia radicum L.) has succeded to establish – at least regional –during the recent years. It is not easy to monitor the cabbage root fly. Although the usual yellow water trap works quite well, it is still difficult for the farmers to determine Delia radicum exactly. The amount of infestation can be assessed best in the middle of November by analysing the damages of the roots. In this article a classification scheme is proposed. It is also difficult to control this pest. While applications of Pyrethroids against the imagines and the use of Dimethoat against the larva mostly showed only little effect in the tests, some new dressing-substances proved better against the standard “Chinook” (Imidacloprid+beta-Cyfluthrin). To forward this research and to clarify factors, which influence the infestation, a project titled “Possibilities of defence and control of cabbage root fly in winter oilseed rape” has been started in November 2003. Eight crop-protection services at German Federal State level and the BBA are involved in this project, which is supported by UFOP.  相似文献   

Identification of Resistance to Common Bacterial Blight Disease on Bean Genotypes Grown in Turkey     

Atilla Dursun  M. Figen Dönmez  Fikrettin Şahin 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2002,108(8):811-813

Common bacterial blight (CBB) in edible beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), incited Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli, reduces bean yields and seed quality. The main objective of this study was to determine resistance to common bacterial blight in bean genotypes. Twenty-two bean genotypes grown in Turkey including common and snap bean cultivars/lines were collected from different parts of Turkey and tested for resistance against to Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli strain MFD-11. All the common and snap bean lines/cultivars tested were moderately susceptible, susceptible or highly susceptible, except AG-7117 which was found resistant to Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli. This is the first report of a resistance source in a common bean line (AG-7117) against Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli.  相似文献   

Biologische Pflanzenschutzverfahren bei Zierpflanzen in Gartenbaubetrieben in Westfalen-Lippe     

Jörg Klatt  Holger Nennmann 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2002,54(3-4):111-118

  相似文献   

Population dynamics and habitat connectivity affecting the spatial spread of populations – a simulation study     

Söndgerath  Dagmar  Schröder  Boris 《Landscape Ecology》2002,17(1):57-70

In this paper we show how the spatialconfiguration of habitat quality affects the spatial spread of apopulation in a heterogeneous environment. Our main result is thatfor species with limited dispersal ability and a landscape withisolated habitats, stepping stone patches of habitat greatlyincrease the ability of species to disperse. Our results showthat increasing reproductive rate first enables and thenaccelerates spatial spread, whereas increasing the connectivity has aremarkable effect only in case of low reproductive rates. Theimportance of landscape structure varied according to thedemographic characteristics of the population. To show this wepresent a spatially explicit habitat model taking into accountpopulation dynamics and habitat connectivity. The population dynamicsare based on a matrix projection model and are calculated on eachcell of a regular lattice. The parameters of the Leslie matrix dependon habitat suitability as well as density. Dispersal between adjacentcells takes place either unrestricted or with higher probability inthe direction of a higher habitat quality (restricted dispersal).Connectivity is maintained by corridors and stepping stones ofoptimal habitat quality in our fragmented model landscape containinga mosaic of different habitat suitabilities. The cellular automatonmodel serves as a basis for investigating different combinations ofparameter values and spatial arrangements of cells with high and lowquality.This revised version was published online in May 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Biodiversität und integrierter Waldschutz     

Hansjochen Schröter 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2003,55(4):93-97

  相似文献   

Auswirkungen von Verpilzung und Mykotoxinbehaftung der Futtermittel auf Leistung und Gesundheit bei Schweinen und Rindern     

Klaus Hörügel  Christine Gebhart  Gudrun Hanschmann  Henriette Mietke 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2003,55(5):151-157

  相似文献   

Die Wirkung elektromagnetischer Stimulation auf den Keimungsprozess von Weizen     

Branko Marinkovic  Miroslav Maleševic  Jovan Crnobarac  Hans-Jürgen Schaller  Franz Götz  Olaf Röder  Goran Jacimovic 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2003,55(6):187-190

  相似文献   

Die Biophysik in der Wachstumsfunktion von jungen Maispflanzen     

Branko Marinkovic  Novica Petrovic  Jovan Crnobarac  Hans-Jürgen Schaller  Franz Götz  Olaf Röder  Goran Jacimovic 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2003,55(6):184-186

  相似文献   

Biological control of cereal seed-borne diseases by seed bacterization with greenhouse-selected bacteria     

Margareta Hökeberg  Berndt Gerhardson  Lennart Johnsson 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1997,103(1):25-33

About 400 bacterial strains, isolated from roots of wild and cultivated plants, were screened for effects against diseases caused by Drechslera teres and/or Microdochium nivale in greenhouse tests and against common bunt caused by Tilletia caries in field tests. Four of the strains showed good biocontrol activity <70% disease reduction) against D. teres and T. caries both in screenings and field tests. One Pseudomonas isolate, MA 342, strongly and reliably suppressed both D. teres and T. caries in the field, while effects against M. nivale were weaker. The effects could not be enhanced by varying pre-application or seed application procedures. This isolate could be stored as a suspension in a refrigerator, frozen or applied to seeds for at least one month without loosing its disease controlling ability.  相似文献