Phylogeography of New World isolates of Anaplasma marginale based on major surface protein sequences   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

de la Fuente J  Van Den Bussche RA  Garcia-Garcia JC  Rodríguez SD  García MA  Guglielmone AA  Mangold AJ  Friche Passos LM  Barbosa Ribeiro MF  Blouin EF  Kocan KM 《Veterinary microbiology》2002,88(3):275-285

Gene and protein sequences of major surface proteins (MSP) 1a and 4 of Anaplasma marginale (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) were used to infer phylogenetic relationships between New World isolates from Argentina, Brazil, Mexico and the United States. Seventeen isolates of A. marginale plus two outgroup taxa (A. centrale and A. ovis) were used for maximum-parsimony analysis of MSP4, while 20 isolates were used for phylogenetic analysis of MSP1a. msp4 analysis provided strong bootstrap support for a Latin American clade and, within this clade, support was detected for Mexican and South American clades. Isolates of A. marginale from the United States also grouped into two clades from the southern (isolates from Florida, Mississippi, and Virginia) and west-central (isolates from California, Idaho, Illinois, Oklahoma, and Texas) states. Although little phylogeographic resolution was detected within these higher clades, msp4 sequences appear to be a good genetic marker for inferring phylogeographic patterns of A. marginale isolates. In contrast to the phylogeographic resolution provided by msp4, MSP1a DNA and protein sequence were quite variable and did not provide phylogeographic resolution. Most variation in MSP1a sequences appeared unique to a given isolate and similar DNA sequence variation in msp1alpha was detected within isolates from Idaho and Florida and from Idaho and Argentina. The results of these studies demonstrated that msp4 provided phylogenetic information on the evolution of A. marginale isolates. In contrast MSP1a sequences appeared to be rapidly evolving and these sequences may provide phylogeographic information only when numerous isolate MSP1a sequences are analyzed from a geographic area.  相似文献   

Applications of a cell culture system for studying the interaction of Anaplasma marginale with tick cells     

Blouin EF  de la Fuente J  Garcia-Garcia JC  Sauer JR  Saliki JT  Kocan KM 《Animal health research reviews / Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases》2002,3(2):57-68

A cell culture system for the tick-borne rickettsia Anaplasma marginale offers new opportunities for research on this economically important pathogen of cattle. A. marginale multiplies in membrane-bound inclusions in host cells. Whereas erythrocytes appear to be the only site of infection in cattle, A. marginale undergoes a complex developmental cycle in ticks and transmission occurs via the salivary glands during feeding. We recently developed a cell culture system for A. marginale using a cell line derived from embryos of Ixodes scapularis. Here we review the use of this cell culture system for studying the interaction of A. marginale with tick cells. Several assays were developed using the A. marginale/tick cell system. An adhesion assay was developed for the identification of proteins required by A. marginale for adhesion to tick cells. The effect of antibodies against selected major surface proteins in inhibiting A. marginale infection was tested in an assay that allowed further confirmation of the role of surface proteins in the infection of tick cells. A drug screening assay for A. marginale was developed and provides a method of initial drug selection without the use of cattle. The culture system was used to test for enhancing effects of tick saliva and saliva components on A. marginale infection. The tick cell culture system has proved to be a good model for studying A. marginale-tick interactions. Information gained from these studies may be applicable to other closely related tick-borne pathogens that have been propagated in the same tick cell line.  相似文献   

Differential expression of the msp1alpha gene of Anaplasma marginale occurs in bovine erythrocytes and tick cells     

Garcia-Garcia JC  de la Fuente J  Blouin EF  Johnson TJ  Halbur T  Onet VC  Saliki JT  Kocan KM 《Veterinary microbiology》2004,98(3-4):261-272

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Bycatch mortality can cause extirpation in four freshwater turtle species          下载免费PDF全文

Jonathan D. Midwood  Nicholas A. Cairns  Lauren J. Stoot  Steven J. Cooke  Gabriel Blouin‐Demers 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2015,25(1):71-80

Impact of recreational power boating on two populations of northern map turtles (Graptemys geographica)     

G. Bulté  M.‐A. Carrière  G. Blouin‐Demers 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2010,20(1):31-38

• 1. Recreational power boating is growing in popularity in North America. This activity is known to have lethal and sub‐lethal effects on aquatic wildlife and freshwater turtles may be particularly sensitive to this activity.
• 2. This study reports on patterns of traumatic injuries inflicted by powerboat propellers to northern map turtles (Graptemys geographica) from two sites differing in boat traffic intensity in Ontario, Canada.
• 3. The relative vulnerability of turtles was assessed, in light of seasonal patterns in boat traffic, as a function of sex‐ and age‐specific movement patterns, habitat use, and basking behaviour obtained by radio‐telemetry. Population viability analyses (PVA) were also conducted to evaluate the potential demographic consequences of mortality induced by powerboats.
• 4. The prevalence of propeller injuries was two to nine times higher in adult females than in adult males and juvenile females. Patterns of movement, habitat use, and aquatic basking indicated that adult females are more exposed to collisions with boats. PVA showed that boat‐induced mortality in adult females could lead to rapid population extinction if the risk of mortality when hit by a boat is greater than 10%.
• 5. The results of this study showed that recreational power boating is a serious threat to northern map turtles, even under moderate boat traffic. The need to adopt measures restricting boat traffic in areas important to turtles is discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Evaluation of the antibody response in pigs vaccinated against Streptococcus suis capsular type 2 using a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

C Blouin  R Higgins  M Gottschalk    J Simard 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1994,58(1):49-54

A double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was standardized for the detection of specific antibodies following vaccination with Streptococcus suis capsular type 2 bacterins. No statistically significant increase of antibody titers was detected in vaccinated piglets compared to the nonvaccinated control group, even if a minority of piglets demonstrated an important postvaccinal response. Three of four vaccinated sows showed a low antibody response to vaccine and specific immunity was detected in piglets of only one litter of these three sows. Passive protection studies showed that none of the sera from vaccinated piglets were protective for mice whereas serum obtained from hyperimmunized pigs gave protection.  相似文献   

Retrobulbar abscess in an infant rhesus monkey.     

D P Rosenberg  P Blouin 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1979,175(9):994-996

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Targeting arthropod subolesin/akirin for the development of a universal vaccine for control of vector infestations and pathogen transmission     

de la Fuente J  Moreno-Cid JA  Canales M  Villar M  de la Lastra JM  Kocan KM  Galindo RC  Almazán C  Blouin EF 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,181(1):17-22

Diseases caused by arthropod-borne pathogens greatly impact on human and animal health. Recent research has provided evidence that tick protective antigens can be used for development of vaccines with the dual target of controlling arthropod infestations and reducing their vector capacity for pathogens. As reviewed herein, protective antigens such as subolesin/akirin, which are highly conserved across vector species, show promise for use in development of a universal vaccine for the control of arthropod infestations and the reduction of pathogen transmission. However, further research is needed in critical areas towards achieving this goal.  相似文献   

Ribosomal DNA sequences indicate isolated populations of Ichthyophonus hoferi in geographic sympatry in the north-eastern Pacific Ocean     

C D Criscione  V Watral  C M Whipps  M S Blouin  S R M Jones  M L Kent 《Journal of fish diseases》2002,25(10):575-582

Infections of Ichthyophonus hoferi, a cosmopolitan parasite of marine fish, have recently been reported in rockfish, Sebastes spp., from the north‐eastern Pacific. Because I. hoferi also infects Pacific herring, Clupea pallasi Valenciennes, and salmonids in this region, we wanted to determine if Ichthyophonus parasites from rockfishes, Pacific herring and chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum), were the same. Small subunit ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid sequence data revealed two haplotypes that were fixed among host species in geographic sympatry, one from rockfish and the other from both Pacific herring and salmon. These isolated populations of Ichthyophonus could be part of the same species that are ecologically separated because of host behaviours, or they could be distinct species that are host specific. Dietary patterns of the hosts indicate that ecological separation among hosts is possible, but the presence of distinct species may better explain the observed Ichthyophonus haplotype association with host species.  相似文献   

Restoring Mixed Grass Prairie in Southeastern Alberta,Canada     

Brad A. Downey  Paul F. Jones  Francois Blouin  Jennifer D. Richman  Brandy L. Downey 《Herpetological Monographs》2013,35(3):16-20

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