发展中国家与中等收入国家大学教授职业情况、问题与启示     

张波 《中国农业教育》2008,(6):24-27

除少数国家外，发展中国家与中等收入国家大学教授职业的任职资格和工资待遇普遍较低，工作条件普遍较差，学术自由普遍受到严格限制，从而导致大学教授学术水平存在较大差异、学术发展面临危机等诸多问题。因此，调整大学教授任职资格、提高工资待遇、减轻教学任务、建设良好的学术自由制度环境，是改善发展中国家与中等收入国家大学教授职业状况、提高其职业竞争力的内在要求。  相似文献   

Molecular cloning and functional analysis of goose interferon gamma     

Li HT  Ma B  Mi JW  Jin HY  Xu LN  Wang JW 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2007,117(1-2):67-74

The cDNA for goose interferon gamma (goIFN-gamma) was cloned from PHA-stimulated goose peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by RT-PCR. This cDNA encodes a 19-amino acid signal peptide and a 145-amino acid mature protein, which shares a high homology with duck IFN-gamma. Recombinant mature goose interferon gamma (rgoIFN-gamma) generated from both prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression systems effectively inhibited the replication of goose paramyxovirus and recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus in vitro. These antiviral activities were abrogated by rabbit anti-rgoIFN-gamma antibodies in vitro. Furthermore, rgoIFN-gamma stimulated goose peritoneal macrophages to produce nitric oxide (NO) in vitro, demonstrating its macrophage activating factor (MAF) activity. Therefore, the availability of bioactive rgoIFN-gamma and its specific antibodies provides valuable tools for studying T cell immunity in geese.  相似文献   

荔枝花粉母细胞减数分裂观察     

刘丽琴  石胜友  李伟才  魏永赞  舒波 《果树学报》2015,(2):254-258,351

【目的】从细胞水平探明荔枝花粉母细胞减数分裂行为。【方法】通过改良涂片法对荔枝品种‘妃子笑’花粉母细胞减数分裂过程中染色体行为进行系统观察。【结果】花粉母细胞减数分裂过程中存在多核仁、单价体、落后染色体、分裂不同步、不均等分裂、多分体等异常情况,为观察细胞总数的8.5%。异常情况多集中于前期Ⅰ、中期Ⅰ、前期Ⅱ和四分体时期,分别为各时期观察细胞总数的71.56%、33.33%、15.85%和31.25%,并对其形成的机制进行了讨论。【结论】分裂过程中发现的落后染色体、染色体片段、不同步以及不均等分裂等异常现象主要来源于终变期出现的较高频率的单价体,与细线期发现的多核仁现象没有直接关系,异常现象是导致多分体形成的主要原因,可导致花粉败育。异常行为的发生可能与品种、个体或气候因素有关。  相似文献   

子午岭林区常见野生蔬菜营养成分分析     

王春林  张博  贾学明 《长江蔬菜》2015,(2):46-49

对子午岭林区19种野生蔬菜鲜样的水分、粗纤维、Fe、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和VC含量等进行了测定。试验结果表明,玉竹根部膨大部分纤维素含量最高,水芹Fe含量最高,蒲公英叶片可溶性糖含量最高,短柄五加叶片可溶性蛋白含量最高,VC含量最高的是苜蓿。除水分和可溶性糖含量外,野生蔬菜中其他营养指标基本上高于常见栽培蔬菜。  相似文献   

The Vertical Distribution of Soil Seed Bank and Its Restoration Implication in an Active Sand Dune of Northeastern Inner Mongolia,China     

Jianqiang Qian  Zhimin Liu  Jean‐Hugues B. Hatier  Bo Liu 《Land Degradation \u0026amp; Development》2016,27(2):305-315

Although the functions and characteristics of soil seed banks in topsoil layers have been described for various ecosystems, the spatiotemporal pattern of the seed bank in deep soil and its ecological implications for vegetation restoration of active sand dune have not been fully explored. In 2007 and 2008, seed densities with regard to dune position, soil depth and season were investigated on an active and a stabilized sand dune of northeastern Inner Mongolia, China. Seeds in the 0–10 cm topsoil layer accounted for 60% of total soil seed bank on the stabilized sand dune, while more than 40% of seeds were stored in the 50–100 cm layers on the active sand dune. Seed density declined significantly with soil depth on the stabilized sand dune, but it was relatively constant across the 0–100 cm soil profile on the active sand dune. Seed density fluctuated with soil depth on the active sand dune suggesting that seeds were either relocated upward or downward over time. Seeds of annual non‐psammophytic species accounted for the majority of soil seed bank on the stabilized sand dune, while pioneer psammophytes contributed more to the soil seed bank of the active sand dune. Our data suggest that seeds in the deep soil layers of active sand dunes account for a large proportion of the whole soil seed bank. Because of the effect of wind erosion, seeds in deep soil could be gradually exposed to shallow soil layers and potentially contribute to population recruitment and vegetation restoration on active sand dunes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

柑橘新品种‘粤丰早橘’     

姜波  钟云  曾继吾  谢文根  吴大清  易干军  闫化学  钟广炎  陈良周  彭成绩  蔡明段 《园艺学报》2015,42(12):2537-2538

‘粤丰早橘’是从‘南丰蜜橘’芽变中选育出来的优良新品种,具有适应性强,丰产稳产、果实大、化渣性好等特点,平均单果质量58.33 g,可溶性固形物含量13.36%,总糖含量11.80%,总酸含量0.52%。在广东韶关地区种植,果实10月上旬成熟。  相似文献   

灰葡萄孢菌胞外大分子分泌物的植物毒性及漆酶性质鉴定     

陈倩  张国斌  施敏  张照利  鄢波  杨红玉 《中国蔬菜》2015,1(7):29

采用透析的方法提取灰葡萄孢菌分泌的大于14 kD的胞外大分子物质,将其接种到番茄和菊花叶片组织,检测灰葡萄孢菌胞外大分子分泌物的植物毒性,并以鞣酸和RB亮蓝为指示剂鉴定灰葡萄孢菌胞外大分子分泌物的漆酶性质。结果显示:灰葡萄孢菌胞外大分子分泌物可导致叶片组织坏死,具有植物毒性;接种灰葡萄孢菌后第3天,鞣酸和RB亮蓝平板出现不同程度的显色反应,第6天时平板几乎完全显色,胞外大分子物质具有漆酶性质。  相似文献   

Protective effect of chrysin on mice with insulin resistance     

YANG Bo 《园艺学报》2015,31(8):1472-1476

AIM: To explore the effects of chrysin on insulin resistance (IRe) in a mouse model. METHODS: Male C57 mice were randomly divided into control group, IRe group, low-dose chrysin group (IRe+chrysin-low) and high-dose chrysin group (IRe+chrysin-high). After 24 weeks, the body weight, liver index and fat mass in all mice were detected. The blood glucose, insulin level and HOMA-IR were measured to determine the changes of the insulin resistance in the animals. The oxidative stress (SOD, GSH-Px and MDA) was also measured. The mRNA expression of insulin signaling pathway molecules (IR, IRS1, IRS2, Glut2 and Glut4) and inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and NF-κB) was analyzed by real-time PCR. The protein levels of IRS1 and p65, and their phosphorylation were detected by Western blot. RESULTS: After 24-week intervention, the indicators in IRe group were higher than those in control group, including body fat deposition, serum glucose, serum insulin, HOMA-IR and liver oxidative stress (P<0.01), indicating that the model of insulin resistance was successfully established. Low dose and high dose of chrysin decreased the body weight, serum glucose, serum insulin and HOMA-IR in the IRe mice (P<0.05). The liver oxidative stress was also reduced in both groups (P<0.05). However, no statistical difference of the indexes between IRe+chrysin-low group and IRe+chrysin-high group was observed. Chrysin upregulated the mRNA expression of IR, IRS1, IRS2, Glut2 and Glut4 (P<0.05), and down-regulated the mRNA expression of various inflammatory factors. The inhibitory effect of chrysin on the mRNA expression of NF-κB was observed (P<0.05), especially in high dose group (P<0.05). It was confirmed that the effect of chrysin on liver IRe was related with the increase in the p-IRS1 levels and decrease in the p-p65 levels by Western blot. CONCLUSION: Chrysin inhibits obesity, hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, and relieves insulin resistance and oxidative stress, which might be closely related to the regulation of insulin signaling pathway and the inhibition of inflammatory factor expression.  相似文献   

过氧化氢诱导不同色素水平葡萄愈伤组织白藜芦醇及白藜芦醇苷含量差异   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李月荣  颜欢  张波  杨晓燕  李荣飞  王晓琴 《北方园艺》2015,(8):114-116

以不同状态的"红地球"葡萄愈伤组织为试材,采用高效液相色谱法,研究H2O2对其白藜芦醇和白藜芦醇苷含量的影响。结果表明:经H2O2诱导后3种愈伤组织中白藜芦醇苷含量为:红色愈伤组织褐化的愈伤组织白色愈伤组织,而白藜芦醇在白色愈伤组织中的含量高于红色和褐化的愈伤组织。2.5μM H2O2诱导红色愈伤组织24h后,白藜芦醇苷含量高达306μg/gFW,而白藜芦醇的含量变化不明显。红色愈伤组织中的白藜芦醇苷响应H2O2的胁迫较为明显,其对H2O2最佳的响应浓度为2.5μM。  相似文献   

QTLs for Fusarium head blight response in a wheat DH population of Wangshuibai/Alondra‘s’     

Gaofeng?Jia  Peidu?ChenEmail author  Genji?Qin  Guihua?Bai  Xiue?Wang  Suling?Wang  Bo?Zhou  Shouzhong?Zhang  Dajun?Liu 《Euphytica》2005,146(3):183-191

Summary A doubled haploid (DH) wheat population derived from the cross Wangshuibai/Alondra‘s’ was developed through chromosome doubling of haploids generated by anther culture of hybrids. Fusarium head blight (FHB) was evaluated for three years from 2001 to 2003 in Jianyang, Fujian Province, China, where epidemics of FHB have been consistently severe. After 307 pairs of simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers were screened, 110 pairs were polymorphic between Wangshuibai and Alondra`s’, and used to construct a genetic linkage map for detection of quantitative trait loci (QTLs). A stable QTL for low FHB severity was detected on chromosomes 3B over all three years, and QTLs on chromosomes 5B, 2D, and 7A were detected over two years. Additional QTLs on chromosomes 3A, 3D, 4B, 5A, 5D, 6B and 7B showed marginal significance in only one year. Six QTLs were detected when phenotypic data from three years were combined. In addition, significant additive-by-additive epistasis was detected for a QTL on 6A although its additive effect was not significant. Additive effects (A) and additive-by-additive epistasis (AA) explained a major portion of the phenotypic variation (76.5%) for FHB response. Xgwm533-3B and Xgwm335-5B were the closest markers to QTLs, and have potential to be used as selectable markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in wheat breeding programs.  相似文献