Anti-Inflammation Activities of Mycosporine-Like Amino Acids (MAAs) in Response to UV Radiation Suggest Potential Anti-Skin Aging Activity     

Sung-Suk Suh  Jinik Hwang  Mirye Park  Hyo Hyun Seo  Hyoung-Shik Kim  Jeong Hun Lee  Sang Hyun Moh  Taek-Kyun Lee 《Marine drugs》2014,12(10):5174-5187

Certain photosynthetic marine organisms have evolved mechanisms to counteract UV-radiation by synthesizing UV-absorbing compounds, such as mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs). In this study, MAAs were separated from the extracts of marine green alga Chlamydomonas hedleyi using HPLC and were identified as porphyra-334, shinorine, and mycosporine-glycine (mycosporine-Gly), based on their retention times and maximum absorption wavelengths. Furthermore, their structures were confirmed by triple quadrupole MS/MS. Their roles as UV-absorbing compounds were investigated in the human fibroblast cell line HaCaT by analyzing the expression levels of genes associated with antioxidant activity, inflammation, and skin aging in response to UV irradiation. The mycosporine-Gly extract, but not the other MAAs, had strong antioxidant activity in the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Furthermore, treatment with mycosporine-Gly resulted in a significant decrease in COX-2 mRNA levels, which are typically increased in response to inflammation in the skin, in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, in the presence of MAAs, the UV-suppressed genes, procollagen C proteinase enhancer (PCOLCE) and elastin, which are related to skin aging, had increased expression levels equal to those in UV-mock treated cells. Interestingly, the increased expression of involucrin after UV exposure was suppressed by treatment with the MAAs mycosporine-Gly and shinorine, but not porphyra-334. This is the first report investigating the biological activities of microalgae-derived MAAs in human cells.  相似文献   

Coloration of poly(lactic acid) with disperse dyes. II. Dyeing characteristics and color fastness     

Jae-hong Choi  Mi-hyeon Kim  Joon-soo Park  Jeong-min Jeon  Dae-ok Kim  A. D. Towns 《Fibers and Polymers》2007,8(1):37-42

In Part 1 of this study, the dyeability, color shade, wash, light fastness and compatibility of homogeneous disperse dyes on PLA fabric and PET fabric were reported. The present paper (Part 2) focuses on the application of commercial disperse dyes to PLA fabric. Specific areas of investigation are the coloration properties of dyes originally intended for the production of high lightfastness polyester fabrics or for application to cellulose diacetate. The compatibility of the eight members of the dye set was investigated. In terms of lightfastness, the ratings were higher than that of conventional disperse dyes. In addition, the use of dye combinations to achieve synergistic uptake on PLA was explored leading to the pronounced synergism with a mixture of CI Disperse Blue 374 and 284.  相似文献   

Lipid-Soluble Ginseng Extract Induces Apoptosis and G0/G1 Cell Cycle Arrest in NCI-H460 Human Lung Cancer Cells     

Kang MR  Kim HM  Kang JS  Lee K  Lee SD  Hyun DH  In MJ  Park SK  Kim DC 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2011,66(2):101-106

This study was performed to elucidate the anticancer mechanism of a lipid-soluble ginseng extract (LSGE) by analyzing induction of apoptosis and arrest of cell cycle progression using the NCI-H460 human lung cancer cell line. Proliferation of NCI-H460 cells was potently inhibited by LSGE in a dose-dependent manner. The cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in NCI-H460 cells was induced by LSGE. The percentage of G0/G1 phase cells significantly increased, while that of S phase cells decreased after treatment with LSGE. The expression levels of cyclin-dependent kinase2 (CDK2), CDK4, CDK6, cyclin D3 and cyclin E related to G0/G1 cells progression were also altered by LSGE. In addition, LSGE-induced cell death occurred through apoptosis, which was accompanied by increasing the activity of caspases including caspase-8, caspase-9 and caspase-3. Consistent with enhancement of caspase activity, LSGE increased protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP). These apoptotic effects of LSGE were inhibited by the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-fmk. These findings indicate that LSGE inhibits NCI-H460 human lung cancer cell growth by cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and induction of caspase-mediated apoptosis.  相似文献   

Happy neighborhoods: Investigating neighborhood conditions and sentiments of a shrinking city with Twitter data     

Yunmi Park  Minju Kim  Kijin Seong 《Growth and change》2021,52(1):539-566

Planning interventions have been applied to improve the well‐being, hereafter happiness, of residents. The happiness in shrinking cities, in particular, becomes more critical since urban decline tends to induce an unequal and uneven distribution of care under a limited budget and human resources. Using geo‐tagged Twitter, census, and geospatial data on Detroit, Michigan, which is one of the well‐known shrinking cities in the U.S., the spatial distribution of sentiments, topics of tweets appeared, and the association between neighborhood conditions and the level of happiness were examined. The outcomes indicate that people in Detroit are posting happy tweets more than negative tweets. The downtown area holds both positive and negative hotspots, which are clustered around sports arenas and bars, respectively. Neighborhoods with young and well‐educated residents, situated close to amenities (i.e., recreation facilities, colleges, and commercial areas), and less crime tend to be happier. The use of SNS data could serve as a meaningful social listening tool to reconcile the declining urban vitality of neighborhoods since people interact with those spaces. Negative sentiments are attached to specific neighborhoods with certain conditions so that regeneration efforts should take place in neighborhoods with a higher priority.  相似文献   

Ceratocystis smalleyi colonization of bitternut hickory and host responses in the xylem     

J.‐H. Park  J. Juzwik 《Forest Pathology》2014,44(4):282-292

Colonization of Carya cordiformis sapwood by Ceratocystis smalleyi and subsequent host defence responses following artificial inoculation were investigated using anatomical and histological techniques. Hyphae of C. smalleyi were observed in all sapwood xylem features confirming the ability of the pathogen to invade and colonize the xylem tissues of the host species. The fungus was isolated from within and at the margins of discoloured sapwood areas at 2 and 12 months after inoculation. General host defence responses that included vessel occlusion with gels or tyloses, lipid accumulation, and production of phenolic compounds were observed in xylem tissues of inoculated C. cordiformis stems. Pectic substances, lipids, and to a rare extent, phenolic compounds were detected in vascular gels. The lipid‐rich barriers observed likely prevent lateral expansion of the fungus in the sapwood. Furthermore, lack of fungus sporulation within vessels may restrict axial spread of the fungus. C. smalleyi appears to be a limited vascular wilt pathogen of bitternut hickory based on these observations and previously reported sap flow reduction correlated with multiple infections in artificially inoculated trees.  相似文献   

Associations of the variation in the porcine myogenin gene with muscle fibre characteristics, lean meat production and meat quality traits     

J.M. Kim  B.D. Choi  B.C. Kim  S.S. Park  & K.C. Hong 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2009,126(2):134-141

Pig breeding is aimed at improving lean meat production ability as well as meat quality, and muscle fibre characteristics may be important for enhancing these traits. Therefore, new molecular markers have been demanded for selecting lean meat production ability and meat quality in live animals. Myogenin belongs to the MyoD gene family, and is a candidate gene responsible for muscle fibre characteristics. We identified a new single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) site in the 5' upstream region of the myogenin gene (nucleotides C and T). A total of 252 pigs of three breeds were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism using BspCNI . Additionally, they were genotyped for the previously detected Msp I site in the 3'-flanking region (alleles A and B). The CCBB diplotype had the highest frequency over breeds, followed by TCBB and CCAB. The other diplotypes were not found in studied pigs. Association analysis performed for the markers found that the TCBB diplotype has desirable effects on the total number of fibres (p   < 0.002), fibre cross-sectional area (p   < 0.06), and loin eye area (p   < 0.001) than the other diplotypes. Moreover, the diplotype had the highest muscle pH value (p   < 0.07) and all meat quality traits were near the upper limit of the normal range as a reddish pink, firm and non-exudative (RFN) pork. Therefore, we suggest that selection for the myogenin diplotypes could improve total muscle fibre number, size and lean meat production ability with good meat quality.  相似文献   

Parthenogenetic Induction of Canine Oocytes by Electrical Stimulation and Ca-EDTA     

SR Lee  J-W Kim  BS Kim  D-H Yoo  YS Park  T-H Lee  J-H Ha  B-H Hyun  ZY Ryoo 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(5):740-744

In this study, we investigated parthenogenetic induction of canine oocytes by electrical stimulation following Ca-EDTA treatment. Oocyte maturation, parthenogenetic development, and cleavage rate in canine after various electrical stimulations (1.5, 1.8, 2.1 kV/cm) for 50 μs with single DC pulse following 1 mM Ca-EDTA treatment were investigated. In oocyte activated electrically at the voltage of 1.5 kV/cm after 1 mM Ca-EDTA treatment, the rate of pronucleus and two-cell was 4.1% and 2.7%, respectively. Although electrical stimulation could parthenogenetically induce immature oocyte to cleavage stage, degeneration rate in all experimental groups was more than 60%. This means that electrical stimulation after Ca-EDTA treatment could cause canine oocytes to be degenerated. However, two-cell in canine oocyte by parthenogenesis was for the first time induced. Therefore, we suggested that electrical stimulation for canine oocytes could induce parthenogenetically early embryonic cleavage. This result can be used as a basic data for parthenogenesis study in canine. Also, to perform more developed embryonic development, further study to parthenogenesis in canine need to be developed.  相似文献   

Netrins promote developmental and therapeutic angiogenesis     

Wilson BD  Ii M  Park KW  Suli A  Sorensen LK  Larrieu-Lahargue F  Urness LD  Suh W  Asai J  Kock GA  Thorne T  Silver M  Thomas KR  Chien CB  Losordo DW  Li DY 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,313(5787):640-644

Axonal guidance and vascular patterning share several guidance cues, including proteins in the netrin family. We demonstrate that netrins stimulate proliferation, migration, and tube formation of human endothelial cells in vitro and that this stimulation is independent of known netrin receptors. Suppression of netrin1a messenger RNA in zebrafish inhibits vascular sprouting, implying a proangiogenic role for netrins during vertebrate development. We also show that netrins accelerate neovascularization in an in vivo model of ischemia and that they reverse neuropathy and vasculopathy in a diabetic murine model. We propose that the attractive vascular and neural guidance functions of netrins offer a unique therapeutic potential.  相似文献   

Reactions to the Hwang scandal     

Park SC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,311(5761):606-607

  相似文献   

Alteration of the gene and protein levels of insulin-like growth factors in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats     

Han HJ  Park SH 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(5):413-419

Insulin-like growth factor (IGFs: IGF-I and IGF-II) systems have been reported to be associated with the onset of diabetic mellitus. Therefore, we investigated the effect of diabetes on regulation of the IGF system in the liver, kidneys and heart, which are important organs in the pathogenesis of diabetes. The experimental groups were subdivided into three groups: 1) controls, 2) streptozotocin (STZ)-induced untreated diabetic group, and 3) an insulin-treated group (plus diabetic rats). In the present study, starting on the second day after STZ treatment, the diabetic group exhibited hyperglycemia, polyuria, and polydipsia, which are characteristic of diabetes melittus. Serum levels of IGF-I were decreased, but those of IGF-II were increased in the diabetic group compared with the controls. The expression levels of IGF-I and IGF-II protein in the livers of the diabetic group had a similar pattern to the serum. In addition, the expression levels of liver IGF-I mRNA and IGF-II mRNA were decreased in the diabetic groups. In the heart, IGF-I levels were decreased, but IGF-II levels were increased in the untreated diabetic groups, which was consistent with the expression levels of their mRNA. However, both the IGF-I and IGF-II levels in the kidneys were increased in the untreated diabetic groups, but the mRNA levels were decreased. Insulin treatment ameliorated the changes of IGF system in the serum, liver, kidneys, and heart. In conclusion, diabetes induced alteration of the IGF system tissue-specifically, and this was blocked by insulin treatment.  相似文献