Bacterial host interaction of GFP‐labelled Vibrio anguillarum HI‐610 with gnotobiotic sea bass,Dicentrarchus labrax (L.), larvae     

A Rekecki  R A Y S A Gunasekara  K Dierckens  S Laureau  N Boon  H Favoreel  M Cornelissen  P Sorgeloos  R Ducatelle  P Bossier  W Van den Broeck 《Journal of fish diseases》2012,35(4):265-273

The location and cell damage caused by Vibrio anguillarum, the causative agent of classical vibriosis, within the developing gut of the newly hatched sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (L.), is unknown. A gnotobiotic sea bass model was used to investigate the early interactions of V. anguillarum with sea bass larvae. In the present study, germ‐free sea bass larvae were orally exposed to a V. anguillarum HI‐610 pathogen labelled with the green fluorescent protein (GFP‐HI‐610) and sampled at regular intervals. Pathogenic colonization of gut enterocytes was observed 2 h post‐exposure (p.e.) and onwards, whereas bacteria within the swim bladder were visualized 48 h p.e and onwards. Ultrastructural findings demonstrated direct bacterial contact with the host cell in the oesophageal mucosa and putative attachment to microvilli of mid‐ and hindgut enterocytes. The present findings form a starting point for studies assessing the impact of potential candidates (probiotics, prebiotics, antimicrobial peptides) to mitigate bacterial virulence.  相似文献   

The status of the freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera Linn. in Scotland     

P.J. Cosgrove  M.R. Young  L.C. Hastie  M. Gaywood  P.J. Boon 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2000,10(3):197-208

1. One hundred and sixty rivers in Scotland with historical records of freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera were surveyed between 1996 and 1999 for the presence of the species. 2. M. margaritifera populations were classed as either ‘extinct’ (no mussels remaining), ‘not currently viable’ (ranging from only dead shells present to no juveniles present, regardless of the number of adults found), or ‘functional’ (at least one juvenile was found, regardless of the overall numbers of adults present). 3. M. margaritifera populations could be classed as ‘functional’ in only 52 rivers (34% of total surveyed) and in only 17 of these were juveniles below 20 mm (5 yrs old) present. Furthermore, in only 10 of these functional rivers were mussels also still considered either to be common or abundant and these included both large easterly‐flowing rivers and small western rivers and streams. 4. In approximately two‐thirds (101) of the 155 rivers occupied 100 years ago, M. margaritifera is now extinct or is about to become extinct. Furthermore, analysis indicates that the rate of mussel population extinction has accelerated since 1970, with a recent average of two mussel river extinctions per year. 5. The predominant threat to the mussel populations has undoubtedly been pearl fishing. This has been occurring at every river, even in the most remote northwest areas, where most of the ‘functional’ populations remain. Recent legislation has provided full protection to M. margaritifera, so that all pearl harvesting is now illegal. 6. Locally, river engineering and host salmonid stock decline poses a serious threat and eutrophication has already eliminated populations in southern and eastern Scotland. 7. In every part of its global range, M. margaritifera has declined substantially and is now either threatened with extinction or is highly vulnerable. Based on recent estimates from across the species range, it appears that Scotland now probably holds at least half of the world's remaining functional M. margaritifera populations. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Effects of feeding regime and probionts on the diverting microbial communities in rotifer Brachionus culture     

Zizhong Qi  Kristof Dierckens  Tom Defoirdt  Patrick Sorgeloos  Nico Boon  Zhenmin Bao  Peter Bossier 《Aquaculture International》2009,17(4):303-315

Rotifer growth performance and microbial community changes associated with rotifer cultures were monitored while different feed types (Nannochloropsis oculata paste and the commercial yeast based feed CS-3000), different regimes (daily changes, changes per batch and no changes) and mixtures of three probionts (Phenylobacterium sp.; Gluconobacter sp. and Paracoccus denitrificans) were provided. It was shown that the dominant bacterial species in the cultures receiving either N. oculata or CS-3000 were different. However, in cultures receiving both feeds (either switching between feeds on a daily basis or on a batch basis), a high similarity in microbial community fingerprint was found. The presence of probionts was detected by the end of four batch culture cycles in spite of strong shifts of the bacterial community. By group discriminant analysis, it was found that Phenylobacterium sp. and Paracoccus sp. contributed positively to the CS-3000-fed group, while Gluconobacter sp. contributed positively to the N. oculata-fed group, although they did not appear as very dominant species.  相似文献   

Clinical signs following experimental lungworm infection and natural bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection in calves     

J Verhoeff  A Wierda  J H Boon 《The Veterinary record》1988,123(13):346-350

Similar clinical signs have been reported in calves infected either by Dictyocaulus viviparus or bovine respiratory syncytial virus. Three experiments were carried out to establish the clinical picture and the course of the disease in animals with these infections. The clinical signs of calves infected with lungworm included coughing, nasal discharge, tachypnoea, abdominal breathing and pyrexia, and auscultation of their lungs revealed increased bronchial sounds. Similar signs were also observed after infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus, but the signs were more acute and resolved more rapidly than in animals infected with lungworm larvae. Calves infected with lungworm had more serious clinical signs after infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus than calves, which were not infected with lungworm.  相似文献   

Influence of gastro-intestinal nematodes on the productivity of dairy cattle in the wet highlands of Sri Lanka     

J. C. G. de Rond  R. de Jong  J. H. Boon  B. Brouwer 《Tropical animal health and production》1990,22(2):135-143

Summary To study the response and economics of nematode control in cattle, trials with anthelmintics were carried out in the wet season at New Zealand farm in the highlands of Sri Lanka. Three age groups were used: stall fed yearlings, grazing heifers and lactating cows. Groups were treated with ivermectin or febantel and monitored along with control groups for faecal egg counts, growth and milk production.Treatment reduced the trichostrongylid faecal egg counts in yearlings, heifers and cows for six to 10 weeks, for more than 10 weeks and for 140 days respectively. The growth rate of treated yearlings did not increase significantly while treated heifers did grow significantly faster. Treated cows produced an average of 115 kg more milk over 133 days (P<0.05). The economic gains in reducing the age at first service and in terms of milk yield far outweighed the cost of anthelmintics used.

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La Influencia De Nematodos Gastrointestinales Sobre La Productividad De Ganado Lechero En Las Tierras Altas Humedas De Sri Lanka

Resumen Se estudió la respuesta económica del control de nemátodos en ganado, mediante el uso de antihelmínticos durante la estación lluviosa, en una granja de altura en Sri Lanka. Se utilizaron tres grupos de edades: animales de un año estabulados, novillas en pastoreo y vacas lactando. Los grupos fueron tratados con Ivermectina o Febantel, estableciéndose seguidamente un control continuado sobre huevos por gramo de heces, crecimiento y producción de leche. Se establecieron grupos controles. Los tratamientos redujeron los conteos de huevos de estrongiloideos en animales de un año estabulados, novillas y vacas por períodos de seis a 10 semanas, por más de 10 semanas y por 140 días respectivamente. La tasa de crecimiento de los animales de un año no se modificó significativamente, mientras que el crecimiento de las novillas fue significativamente mejor. Las vacas tratadas produjeron un promedio de 115 kg de leche más sobre 133 días (P<0.05). Las ganancias económicas en términos de reducir la edad al primer servicio y producción de leche, compensaron satisfactoriamente el costo de los antihelmínticos utilizados.

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Influence Des Nematodes Gastro-Intestinaux Sur La Productivite Du Betail Laitier Dans Les Hautes Terres Humides De Ski Lanka

Résumé Des essais visant à étudier la réponse et l'économie de la lutte contre les nématodes chez les bovins ont été réalisés en saison humide à la ferme New Zealand dans la région des collines à Sri Lanka. Trois groupes d'âge ont été constitués: éleves de un an nourris à l'auge, génisses au pâturage et vaches en lactation. Les groupes ont été traités à l'ivermectine ou au Febantel et suivis en même temps que le groupe témoin pour ce qui concerne les analyses coprologiques, la croissance et la production laitière. Le traitement a réduit les numérations fécales concernant les trichostrongles chez les élèves, les génisses et les vaches pendant 6 à 10 semaines, pour plus de 10 semaines et pour 140 jours respectivement. Le taux de croissance des élèves traités ne s'est pas accru de manière significative alors que les génisses ont amélioré le leur significativement. Les vaches traitées ont produit en moyenne 115 kg de lait de plus en 133 jours (P<0,05). Le gain économique obtenu par la réduction de l'âge à la première saillie et en terme de rendement laitier contre balançait de loin le coût des anthelminthiques utilisés.

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Dietary Intake of Purple Corn Extract Reduces Fat Body Content and Improves Antioxidant Capacity and n‐3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Profile in Plasma of Rainbow Trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss          下载免费PDF全文

Alejandro Villasante  Biswamitra Patro  Boon Chew  Michael Becerra  Jurij Wacyk  Ken Overturf  Madison S. Powell  Ronald W. Hardy 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2015,46(4):381-394

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Linear,logarithmic, and polynomial models of M-mode echocardiographic measurements in dogs     

Gonçalves AC  Orton EC  Boon JA  Salman MD 《American journal of veterinary research》2002,63(7):994-999

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether logarithmic and polynomial models are superior to simple linear models for predicting reference values for M-mode echocardiographic variables in dogs with a wide range of body weights. ANIMALS: 69 apparently healthy adult male and female dogs of various breeds, ages (range, 1 to 12 years; median, 3.5 years), and body weights (range, 3.9 to 977 kg; median, 25.4 kg). PROCEDURE: Echocardiographic M-mode measurements of the interventricular septum, left ventricular dimension (LVD), left ventricular wall, aorta, and left atrium were obtained. Simple linear, second-order polynomial, third-order polynomial, and logarithmic regression models were determined by use of the least-squares method to describe the relationship between M-mode measurements and body weight. Differences in adjusted R2 values of logarithmic and polynomial models were tested for significance of contribution, compared with the simple linear model. RESULTS: Significant differences in adjusted R2 were found when comparing simple linear with logarithmic or polynomial models for LVD-diastole, LVD-systole, aorta, and left atrium. Differences in adjusted R2 between second-order polynomial, third-order polynomial, and logarithmic models were not significant for any M-mode measurement. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In this study, logarithmic or second-order polynomial models predicted reference values of M-mode measurements for size of the cardiac chambers better than simple linear models for dogs with a wide range of body weights. Logarithmic and polynomial models were not superior to simple linear models for M-mode measurements of cardiac wall thickness.  相似文献   

Hemoperitoneum secondary to traumatic rupture of an adrenal tumor in a dog     

K Evans  G Hosgood  G D Boon  N Kowalewich 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1991,198(2):278-280

Hemoperitoneum secondary to traumatic rupture of an adrenocortical adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in a 10-year-old male dog. Immediate surgical attention was required to remove the tumor and to control hemorrhage. The dog appeared to develop transient hypoadrenocorticism after surgery, but recovered with short-term exogenous corticosteroid administration. At 6 months after surgery, the dog was clinically normal.  相似文献   

Simulation of subduction zone seismicity by dehydration of serpentine   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Dobson DP  Meredith PG  Boon SA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,298(5597):1407-1410

We measured acoustic emission energy during antigorite dehydration in a multianvil press from 1.5 to 8.5 gigapascals and 300 degrees to 900 degrees C. There was a strong acoustic emission signal on dehydration, and analysis of recovered samples revealed brittle deformation features associated with high pore-fluid pressures. These results demonstrate that intermediate depth (50 to 200 kilometers) seismicity can be generated by dehydration reactions in the subducting slab.  相似文献   

Theories of human diversity: victorian anthropology     

Boon JA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1987,237(4821):1516-1517

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