Highly efficient double‐stranded RNA transfection of penaeid shrimp using cationic liposomes     

Nuttapon Apiratikul  Boon‐ek Yingyongnarongkul  Wanchai Assavalapsakul 《Aquaculture Research》2013,45(1):106-112

Yellow head virus (YHV) is a viral pathogen of shrimp that has caused high economic loss in the Thai shrimp farming industry, and the RNA interference mechanism has potential as a virus control strategy, as previous studies have shown that injection of virus specific double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) can inhibit viral replication in shrimp. However, to date, complete inhibition viral replication has not been achieved. This study sought to determine whether cationic liposomes mixed with an antiviral dsRNA (YHV‐Pro‐dsRNA) were able to enhance protection against YHV. The results showed that injection of a YHV‐Pro‐dsRNA/cationic liposome complex markedly increased protection against YHV as compared with naked YHV‐Pro‐dsRNA, suggesting that cationic liposomes enhance the uptake of protective dsRNA into shrimp cells.  相似文献   

Aquatic conservation: reflections on the first 25 years          下载免费PDF全文

Philip J. Boon  John M. Baxter 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2016,26(5):809-816

Antibacterial Bicyclic Fatty Acids from a Korean Colonial Tunicate Didemnum sp.     

Hiyoung Kim  Tae Gu Lee  Inho Yang  Weihong Wang  Jungwook Chin  Jusung Lee  Boon Jo Rho  Hyukjae Choi  Sang-Jip Nam  Dongyup Hahn  Heonjoong Kang 《Marine drugs》2021,19(9)

Five new bicyclic carboxylic acids were obtained by antibacterial activity-guided isolation from a Korean colonial tunicate Didemnum sp. Their structures were elucidated by the interpretation of NMR, MS and CD spectroscopic data. They all belong to the class of aplidic acids. Three of them were amide derivatives (1–3), and the other two were dicarboxylic derivatives (4 and 5). The absolute configurations were determined by a bisignate pattern of CD spectroscopy, which revealed that the absolute configurations of amides were opposite to those of dicarboxylates at every stereogenic centers. Compound 2 exhibited the most potent antibacterial activity (MIC, 2 μg/mL).  相似文献   

Sizes,densities and age structures of Scottish Margaritifera margaritifera (L.) populations     

L.C. Hastie  M.R. Young  P.J. Boon  P.J. Cosgrove  B. Henninger 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2000,10(4):229-247

1. Populations of freshwater pearl mussels (Margaritifera margaritifera (L.)) were surveyed in 12 Scottish rivers (selected from those known to contain viable populations). Overall mussel densities in different rivers ranged from 0.27 to 30.01 m⁻². Median densities ranged from 2.5 to 14.5 m⁻² and a maximum of 398 mussels m⁻² was observed in one river. 2. Total population estimates in different rivers ranged from 2000 to 0.9–3.7 million. One population is particularly dense, with an estimated 0.6–1.2 million mussels in a 4‐km stretch of river. 3. Samples from nine populations were taken in order to provide mussel size/age data. Marked differences between size profiles and their corresponding age profiles were observed. It is difficult to interpret the former in terms of recruitment. 4. There were signs of recent recruitment in all of the populations investigated. Large numbers of young mussels (aged ≤20 years) were found in four rivers. The largest proportions at any particular site were 67/219 (30.6%) aged ≤10 years and 191/219 (87.2%) aged ≤20 years, both values being recorded in the same river. 5. The expected predominance of young mussels was not achieved in any population. Presumably, there is considerable underestimation of the youngest age classes owing to biased sampling techniques. However, several populations are thought to be recruiting at levels that are high enough to maintain viability. 6. One population (River F) is the best example of a ‘healthy’, moderately fished, recruiting population and its age profile could be used as a benchmark for future comparisons. 7. The results of this study emphasize the international importance of Scotland in terms of M. margaritifera conservation. However, the small numbers of juveniles found in some Scottish rivers indicates that many populations are vulnerable to decline and, therefore, their conservation status may be threatened in the long term. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Enhancing public participation in state forest management: a user council survey   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Boon  T.E.; Meilby  H. 《Forestry》2000,73(2):155-164

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The impact of tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon Fabricius, postlarvae stocking density on production in traditional tambak systems in East Java, Indonesia     

A M Hariati  D G R Wiadnya  M Fadjar  S Muhammad  R Faber  M C J Verdegem  J H Boon 《Aquaculture Research》1998,29(4):229-236

The effects of stocking density [range: 2.0-5.5 postlarvae (PL) m^?2] and water quality on the production of a traditional tambak tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon Fabricius, culture system on one farm in Probolinggo, East Java, were studied during one culture period of 126 days using eight ponds. Production characteristics were recorded and water quality parameters monitored. Production was quadratically influenced by stocking density. The optimum density was 4.8 PL m^?2, which corresponds with a production per crop of around 300 kg ha^?1. Production was also quadratically related to mean shrimp body weight at harvest, while there was an inverse relationship between production and bottom organic matter, indicating that shrimp biomass diminishes the amount of organic matter accumulating at bottom of the tambak.  相似文献   

Astaxanthin stimulates cell-mediated and humoral immune responses in cats     

Park JS  Mathison BD  Hayek MG  Massimino S  Reinhart GA  Chew BP 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2011,144(3-4):455-461

Astaxanthin is a potent antioxidant carotenoid and may play a role in modulating immune response in cats. Blood was taken from female domestic shorthair cats (8-9 mo old; 3.2 ± 0.04 kg body weight) fed 0, 1, 5 or 10mg astaxanthin daily for 12 wk to assess peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation response, leukocyte subpopulations, natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxic activity, and plasma IgG and IgM concentration. Cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response against concanavalin A and an attenuated polyvalent vaccine was assessed on wk 8 (prior to vaccination) and 12 (post-vaccination). There was a dose-related increase in plasma astaxanthin concentrations, with maximum concentrations observed on wk 12. Dietary astaxanthin enhanced DTH response to both the specific (vaccine) and nonspecific (concanavalin A) antigens. In addition, cats fed astaxanthin had heightened PBMC proliferation and NK cell cytotoxic activity. The population of CD3(+) total T and CD4(+) T helper cells were also higher in astaxanthin-fed cats; however, no treatment difference was found with the CD8(+) T cytotoxic and MHC II(+) activated lymphocyte cell populations. Dietary astaxanthin increased concentrations of plasma IgG and IgM. Therefore, dietary astaxanthin heightened cell-mediated and humoral immune responses in cats.  相似文献   

The study of seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus and an investigation into the lifestyle behaviours of the aborigines in Malaysia     

Li Ping Wong  Haridah Alias  Seow Huey Choy  Xiang Ting Goh  Soo Ching Lee  Yvonne Ai Lian Lim  Boon Pin Kee  Kek Heng Chua  Adeeba Kamaruzaman  Zizheng Zheng  Qinjian Zhao  Ting Wu 《Zoonoses and public health》2020,67(3):263-270

Malaysia is a non‐endemic country for hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection. However, seroprevalence as high as 50% among samples of aboriginal people were reported over two decades ago. A total of 207 samples collected from seven aboriginal villages in rural settlements across two states in Malaysia were analysed for anti‐HEV IgG and IgM by an enzyme‐linked immunoassay. Following the detection of anti‐HEV seroprevalence, we organized health outreach to inform and educate the community. Qualitative interviews were conducted with individuals tested positive for anti‐HEV antibodies. Data derived from interviews and observations were used to investigate possible lifestyle behaviours associated with HEV infection. Anti‐HEV IgG was detected in six samples (5.9%) from the village of Dusun Kubur. Qualitative inquiry and observation study revealed poor dietary and household hygiene, contaminated food and water, contact with animal faeces, unsanitary and domestic waste disposal, and wildlife reservoirs could be the contributing factors for transmission and acquisition of HEV infection. Investigation during health outreach is important to provide insights for future empirical research and implementation for improvement of lifestyle behaviours among the aborigines. Managing the risk of HEV infection in the aborigines may reduce the risk of HEV transmission to the local communities.  相似文献   

Doppler Echocardiographic Evaluation of Midventricular Obstruction in Cats with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy     

H.B. MacLea  J.A. Boon  J.M. Bright 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2013,27(6):1416-1420

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Ultracentrifugal and Electrophoretic Characteristics of the Plasma Lipoproteins of Miniature Schnauzer Dogs With Idiopathic Hyperlipoproteinemia     

Marlyn S. Whitney DVM  PhD    G. Daniel Boon DVM  MS    AIan H. Rebar DVM  PhD    Jon A. Story PhD  Gerald D. Bottoms PhD 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1993,7(4):253-260

To better characterize the idiopathic hyperlipoproteinemia of Miniature Schnauzer dogs, the plasma lipoproteins of 20 Miniature Schnauzers (MS) and 11 dogs of other breeds (DOB) were evaluated by ultracentrifugation, electrophoresis, and biochemical tests. Seventeen MS were healthy; 3 had diabetes mellitus. Plasma from 6 of 17 healthy and all 3 diabetic MS was visibly lipemic. Lipemia was slight to marked in healthy lipemic MS, and marked in diabetic ones. All DOB had clear plasma; 8 were healthy and 3 had diabetes. All healthy lipemic MS and diabetic lipemic MS had hypertriglyceridemia associated with excess very low density lipoproteins. Chylomicronemia was present in 4 of 6 healthy lipemic MS and all 3 diabetic lipemic MS. Lipoproteins with ultracentrifugal and electrophoretic characteristics of normal low density lipoprotein were lacking in 4 of 6 healthy lipemic MS. The lipoprotein patterns of 4 of 11 healthy nonlipemic MS were characterized by mild hypertriglyceridemia associated with increased very low density lipoproteins and a lack of lipoproteins with characteristics of normal low density lipoproteins. Lipoprotein patterns of diabetic DOB closely resembled those of healthy DOB; those of diabetic lipemic MS resembled those of markedly lipemic healthy lipemic MS. In conclusion, the hyperlipoproteinemia of Miniature Schnauzers is characterized by increased very low density lipoproteins with or without accompanying chylomicronemia; some affected dogs may have decreased low density lipoproteins. (Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 1993; 7:253–260. Copyright © 1993 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.)  相似文献