Nutrients Accumulation,Biometric, Chlorophyll and Potassium Indexes and Production in Minituber Potato as Function of Potassium Doses in Organic and Hydroponic Conditions     

Paulo Cezar Rezende Fontes  Camila Borges Antonio Tufik  Marialva Alvarenga Moreira  André Malacarne Milanez 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2020,51(10):1357-1369

ABSTRACT

Potato is one of the most economically important crops in Brazil. In this crop, potassium (K) is the most accumulated nutrient and has significant and positive effect on potato plant growth and tuber yield. Thus, the aim of this work was to determine the effects of K doses on nutrients accumulation, biometric, chlorophyll, and K indexes in potato plants grown. Two experiments were installed simultaneously in an unheated greenhouse with Agata cultivar. The experiment 1 was carried out in pot with commercial organic substrate with five K doses (0, 0.66, 1.32, 1.98, and 2.64 g dm^3?1). The experiment 2, nominated hydroponic system, with washed sand above a layer of expanded clay pebbles where the plants received daily nutrient solution application. The treatments were five K doses (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 e 10.0 mmol L^?1). The biometrics data were collected 21 days after emergence and at harvest. Both experiments were set at a randomized block design with four replications. In both experiments, no visual symptoms of deficiency or excess were observed but only in plants at 0 mmol L^?1 of K. In both experiments, K doses interacted with some biometric and chlorophyll indexes measured in the fourth completely expanded leaf with portable SPAD and Dualex devices, commonly used as a guide to in-season fertilizer N management, leading to recommend their use only in plants properly nourished in K. K critical concentration in the fourth fully expanded leaf was 61.7 g kg^?1.  相似文献   

Risk factors for stillbirth and foetal mummification in four Brazilian swine herds   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Borges VF  Bernardi ML  Bortolozzo FP  Wentz I 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2005,70(3-4):165-176

The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors of stillbirth and foetal mummification in 565 farrowings of four commercial pig farms in Brazil. Stillborn piglets were observed in 31.3% of the litters and the stillborn risk was 5.6%. Mummified foetuses occurred in 42.1% of the litters and the mummification risk was 3.4%. The potential risk factors were included in multivariable logistic regression models as categories: herd (1–4); parity (1, 2–5 and >5); litter size (<10, 10–12 and >12 piglets); farrowing length (≤3 or >3 h); presence of mummified foetuses (yes or no); farrowing induction (yes or no); use of oxytocin (yes or no); use of vaginal palpation (yes or no); body condition score (<3, 3 and ≥4), and placental production index (PPI) (≤5 or >5) which was measured as the ratio of total foetal weight to total placental weight. Duration of farrowing and use of farrowing induction, oxytocin or vaginal palpation were not included in the model that investigated the risk factors of foetal mummification. Two models were used to investigate the risk factors of stillbirth, one with and the other without the inclusion of farrowing length. When compared to sows of parity 2–5, sows of parity >5 had 1.7- and 1.6-times higher odds (P < 0.05) for stillbirth in the models with and without the inclusion of farrowing length, respectively. In both models, sows with more than 12 piglets/litter had 3.6-times higher odds of stillbirth occurrence compared to sows with less than 10 piglets (P < 0.05). Sows with prolonged farrowing (>3 h) had 2.0-times higher odds of stillbirth occurrence than sows with short farrowing (P < 0.05). Sows with more than 12 piglets/litter had 14.5-times higher odds of mummification compared to sows with less than 10 piglets (P < 0.05). Sows of parities 1 and >5 had 3.5- and 2.0-times, respectively, higher odds of mummification in comparison to sows of parity 2–5 (P < 0.05). Sows with low PPI had 1.7-times higher odds of mummification compared to those with high PPI (P < 0.05). A large litter, a high-parity and a prolonged farrowing increased the risk of stillbirth. The probability of having a mummified foetus was increased in very young and older sows, when having a large litter and a litter with a less efficient placenta.  相似文献   

Evaluation of an epidemic of sporotrichosis in cats: 347 cases (1998-2001)     

Schubach TM  Schubach A  Okamoto T  Barros MB  Figueiredo FB  Cuzzi T  Fialho-Monteiro PC  Reis RS  Perez MA  Wanke B 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2004,224(10):1623-1629

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate characteristics of a large epidemic of sporotrichosis in cats. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 347 cats with naturally acquired infection with Sporothrix schenckii. PROCEDURE: Medical records were reviewed for data regarding clinical, mycologic, histopathologic, and routine hematologic and serum biochemical findings; assays for FIV-specific antibodies and FeLV antigen; antifungal treatment; and follow-up. RESULTS: Lesions varied from small papules to extensive zones of necrosis.Ten cats had no skin lesions, 114 had skin lesions at a single site, 86 had skin lesions in 2 sites, and 137 had skin lesions in 3 or more sites. Respiratory tract signs were observed in 154 cats and were the most frequent extracutaneous sign. Anemia, leukocytosis with neutrophilia, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperglobulinemia were the main blood abnormalities. Antibodies against FIV were detected in 28 cats, FeLV antigen was detected in 2 cats, and both were detected in 1 cat among 142 cats tested. During the study, 118 cats were lost to follow-up and 124 died. Of 266 cats that were treated, 68 were cured. Complete healing of the lesions was observed regardless of the presence of extracutaneous signs, general condition, treatment schedule, or coinfection with FIV. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Feline sporotrichosis was evident in subclinical to severe forms; however, cats can respond well to regular and prolonged antifungal treatment.  相似文献   

Dog culling and replacement in an area endemic for visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Nunes CM  Lima VM  Paula HB  Perri SH  Andrade AM  Dias FE  Burattini MN 《Veterinary parasitology》2008,153(1-2):19-23

Measures employed to control visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil have focused on vector control by residual insecticide spraying and diagnosis of infection with elimination of positive dogs. We describe dog culling and replacement in a Brazilian endemic area (the Alvorada District, Ara?atuba, SP) in order to better understand dog population dynamics when elimination of the dog reservoir is adopted as the main control measure. From August 2002 to July 2004, 60.9% of the estimated dog population for the area was culled with a mean age of 34 months old. The presence of anti-Leishmania sp. antibodies was recorded for only 26.7% of the euthanized canines. Replacement was observed in 38.8% of the cases, some of them by 2 or more dogs and in a mean time of 4 months. Dogs were replaced mostly by puppies of both sexes with a mean age of 6.8 months. From August 2002 to April 2005 we were able to follow-up 116 of these dogs, during a mean time of 8.7 months. Canine visceral leishmaniasis seropositivity by ELISA was observed in 42.2% of the followed dogs, 30.6% of which were already positive at the first evaluation. By the end of the follow-up period 37% of the dogs were submitted to euthanasia, with a mean age of 18.3 months. In the studied CVL endemic area of Brazil, euthanasia and the subsequent replacement ratio were high, increasing the dog population turnover and leading to a younger population that might be more susceptible to a variety of other infectious diseases in addition to CVL. Dog culling as a control strategy for VL should be reassessed.  相似文献   

Sedative and cardiopulmonary effects of xylazine alone or in combination with methadone,morphine or tramadol in sheep          下载免费PDF全文

Leonardo L de Carvalho  Lilian T Nishimura  Luisa PB Borges  Sofia A Cerejo  Isadora OJ Villela  Adam Auckburally  Ewaldo de Mattos‐Junior 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2016,43(2):179-188

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Use of trichostatin A alters the expression of HDAC3 and KAT2 and improves in vitro development of bovine embryos cloned using less methylated mesenchymal stem cells     

Carolina Gonzales da Silva  Carlos Frederico Martins  Heidi Christina Bessler  lvaro Moraes da Fonseca Neto  Tereza Cristina Cardoso  Maurício Machaim Franco  Anelise dos Santos Mendona  Ligiane de Oliveira Leme  Jos Renato Junqueira Borges  Juaci Vitoria Malaquias  Snia Nair Bo 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(2):289-299

The aim of this work was to investigate the methylation and hydroxymethylation status of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from amniotic fluid (MSC‐AF), adipose tissue (MSC‐AT) and fibroblasts (FIB‐control) and to verify the effect of trichostatin A (TSA) on gene expression and development of cloned bovine embryos produced using these cells. Characterization of MSC from two animals (BOV1 and BOV2) was performed by flow cytometry, immunophenotyping and analysis of cellular differentiation genes expression. The cells were used in the nuclear transfer in the absence or presence of 50 nM TSA for 20 hr in embryo culture. Expression of HDAC1, HDAC3 and KAT2A genes was measured in embryos by qRT‐PCR. Methylation results showed difference between animals, with MSC from BOV2 demonstrating lower methylation rate than BOV1. Meanwhile, MSC‐AF were less hydroxymethylated for both animals. MSC‐AF from BOV2 produced 44.92 ± 8.88% of blastocysts when embryos were exposed to TSA and similar to embryo rate of MSC‐AT also treated with TSA (37.96 ± 15.80%). However, when methylation was lower in FIB compared to MSC, as found in BOV1, the use of TSA was not sufficient to increase embryo production. MSC‐AF embryos expressed less HDAC3 when treated with TSA, and expression of KAT2A was higher in embryos produced with all MSC and treated with TSA than embryos produced with FIB. The use of MSC less methylated and more hydroxymethylated in combination with embryo incubation with TSA can induce lower expression of HDAC3 and higher expression of KAT2A in the embryos and consequently improve bovine embryo production.  相似文献   

Male and female cats have different regional body compositions and energy requirements for weight loss and weight maintenance     

Ricardo Souza Vasconcellos  Karina Nogueira Venturelli Gonalves  Naida Cristina Borges  Francisco Jos Albuquerque de Paula  Júlio Carlos Canola  Mrcia de Oliveira Sampaio Gomes  Tnia Zia Miltenburg  Aulus Cavalieri Carciofi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2019,103(5):1546-1555

Body composition and energy requirements are different between males and females in several species, and both interfere with weight loss. The aim of this study was to compare the total and regional body composition and energy requirements in obese male (n = 8) and female (n = 8) cats, during weight loss and weight maintenance over 17 subsequent weeks after regimen. The total and regional (thoracic and pelvic limbs, and trunk) body composition was assessed by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA). Females exhibited a higher fat mass (FM) than males (p < 0.05), and the trunk was the site with greater fat accumulation regardless of gender. A 23.0 ± 2.8% reduction in body weight was followed by a 50.3 ± 9.4% and a 37.0 ± 8.9% reduction in fat in the trunk region in males and females respectively. Lean mass (LM) mobilization was also increased in the trunk (p < 0.05), and the loss of LM was associated with a reduction in bone mass. The energy intake to achieve the same rate of weight loss was 12.9 ± 3.4% higher in males (p < 0.05). The cats exhibited a gradual increase in energy requirements to maintain their body weight after weight loss (p < 0.05). It was concluded that obese cats mainly accumulate fat in the trunk. The reduction in lean mass after the regimen also occurred in the trunk, with no modifications in the skeletal muscle mass of the limbs. Neutered male cats have higher energy requirements than neutered females, and gender should be considered during obesity management in cats.  相似文献   

Factors associated with equine aural plaque in Brazil          下载免费PDF全文

Juliana Mira  Mariana Herman  Luiza S. Zakia  Giovane Olivo  Joao P. Araujo Jr  Alexandre S. Borges  José P. Oliveira‐Filho 《Veterinary dermatology》2016,27(5):408-e104

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Genotypic and phenotypic detection of capsular polysaccharide and biofilm formation in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Staphylococcus aureus</Emphasis> isolated from bovine milk collected from Brazilian dairy farms     

Alessandra P.S. Salimena  Carla C. Lange  Cecilia Camussone  Marcelo Signorini  Luis F. Calvinho  Maria A.V.P. Brito  Cristiano A.V. Borges  Alessandro S. Guimarães  João B. Ribeiro  Letícia C. Mendonça  Roberta H. Piccoli 《Veterinary research communications》2016,40(3-4):97-106

Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogen that frequently causes mastitis in bovine herds worldwide. This pathogen produces several virulence factors, including cell-associated adhesins, toxic and cytolytic exoproteins, and capsular polysaccharides. The aim of the present study was to test for the presence of genes involved in capsular polysaccharide production and biofilm formation in S. aureus isolated from bovine mastitis samples collected from 119 dairy herds located in three different Brazilian regions, as well as to assay the production of capsular polysaccharides and biofilm, in vitro. The detection of the cap, icaAD, and bap genes was performed using PCR. The detection and quantification of capsular polysaccharide production was performed using ELISA assays. The ability of the isolates to form a biofilm was examined using the polystyrene surface of microtiter plates. All 159 S. aureus isolates investigated harboured the cap gene: 80 % carried the cap5 gene and 20 % carried the cap8 gene. Sixty-nine percent of the isolates expressed capsular polysaccharide (CP) in vitro, 58 % expressed CP5 and 11 % expressed CP8. All of the isolates harboured the icaA and icaD genes, and 95.6 % of the isolates carried the bap gene. Of the 159 isolates analysed, 97.5 % were biofilm producers. A significant association between the capsular genotype and phenotype and the amount of biofilm formation was detected: cap5/CP5 isolates tended to form more biofilm and to produce a thinner CP layer than cap8/CP8 isolates. The results indicate a high potential for pathogenicity among S. aureus isolated from bovine milk collected from three different regions in Brazil.  相似文献   

A web-based ToolBox approach to support adaptive forest management under climate change     

Werner Rammer  Christian Schauflinger  Harald Vacik  João H.N. Palma  Jordi Garcia-Gonzalo  José G. Borges 《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2014,29(7):96-107

The design and implementation of the adaptive forest management (AFM) ToolBox is presented. Design principles derived from previous experiences in decision support system (DSS) development include support for (1) modularity, (2) accessibility via the Internet, (3) inclusion of different types of knowledge and information, (4) the use of different data sources, and (5) specific problem types. As major components of the AFM ToolBox DataBase, Vulnerability Assessment Tools (single user version, group mode) and an optimization tool to generate optimized management plans at the level of management units or landscapes are highlighted. A key feature is the distinction of two archetypical user profiles (manager, analyst). The AFM ToolBox is evaluated against eight criteria for the assessment of DSS. It is concluded that the ToolBox approach setting focus on modularity while avoiding to over-emphasis technical integration provides the right frame to secure the flexibility regarding tools and decision-making processes which is mandatory if a DSS should be taken up by practice.  相似文献