ADDITIONAL RECORDS OF HIPPOBOSCIDAE FROM MOURNING DOVES     

Brennan JM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1938,88(2294):571-572

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Grass awn migration in dogs and cats: a retrospective study of 182 cases   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

K E Brennan  P J Ihrke 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1983,182(11):1201-1204

A retrospective study of 182 cases of grass awn migration in dogs and cats seen during a 1-year period was performed. The 182 cases comprised 61% of all foreign body-related cases during that year. Compared with the total hospital population, there was an increased prevalence of grass awn problems in the Springer Spaniel, Golden Retriever, Brittany Spaniel, and Airedale Terrier, but a decreased prevalence in German Shepherd Dogs, Miniature Poodles, and Dachshunds. The most common site of grass awn localization was the external ear canal, involving 51% of grass awn cases. Other common sites of grass awn localization included the interdigital webs, eye, nose, lumbar area, and thoracic cavity. Only 8 of the 182 animals were cats and 7 of the 8 had ocular involvement.  相似文献   

Nucleotide conformations     

S Arnott  D W Hukins  J Rubin  J Brennan  M Sundaralingam 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1972,177(47):451-452

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An Economic Investigation of Early-Generation Quality Testing in a Wheat Breeding Program     

J. P. Brennan  L. O'Brien 《Plant Breeding》1991,106(2):132-140

Public plant breeders, in seeking the most efficient means of achieving their objectives, face decisions on the appropriate breeding strategy and program structure to use. This paper reports an analysis comparing the changes in costs and benefits from the introduction of recent technology enabling testing for flour and dough properties to be carried out on small samples in the early-generations of a wheat breeding program in Australia. The average costs of a suite of early-generation tests are higher than the equivalent (unreplicated) yield testing. The analysis presented confirms that the introduction of early-generation quality testing leads to a faster rate of expected progress in quality, but a slower rate of progress in yield. The estimated market value of an increase in yield is greater than that for quality, based on current market information. Thus, the result of incorporating early-generation quality testing is higher costs and lower expected returns, so that there is a loss of community welfare from using early-generation quality testing if the resultant cultivar is released from each program. However, the probability of the higher-quality cultivar being released for commercial cultivation is greater, so that recognition of the probability of release means that there may be net gains from the use of early-generation quality testing.  相似文献   

The veterinary profession's role in policing animal welfare     

Whiting TL  Brennan SC  Wruck GC 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2006,47(11):1065-1072

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Potentiation of triclabendazole action in vivo against a triclabendazole-resistant isolate of Fasciola hepatica following its co-administration with the metabolic inhibitor, ketoconazole     

Devine C  Brennan GP  Lanusse CE  Alvarez LI  Trudgett A  Hoey E  Fairweather I 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,184(1):37-47

An in vivo study in the laboratory rat model has been carried out to monitor morphological changes in adult Fasciola hepatica over a 4-day period resulting from co-treatment with triclabendazole (TCBZ) and ketoconazole (KTZ), a cytochrome P450 inhibitor. Rats were infected with the triclabendazole-resistant Oberon isolate of F. hepatica, dosed orally with triclabendazole at a dosage of 10 mg/kg live weight and ketoconazole at a dosage of 10 mg/kg live weight. Flukes were recovered at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h post-treatment (p.t.) and changes to fluke ultrastructure were assessed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results showed an increase in the severity of changes to the fluke ultrastructure with time p.t. Swelling of the basal infolds and the associated mucopolysaccharide masses became more severe with time. Golgi complexes, if present, were greatly reduced in size and number by 96 h p.t., and sub-tegumental flooding was seen from the 72 h time-period onwards. Some sloughing of the tegumental covering over the spines was observed at 96 h p.t. The results demonstrated that the Oberon isolate is more sensitive to TCBZ action in the presence of KTZ than to TCBZ alone, reinforcing the idea that altered drug metabolism is involved in the resistance mechanism. Moreover, they support the concept that TCBZ + inhibitor combinations (aimed at altering drug pharmacokinetics and potentiating the action of TCBZ) could be used in the treatment of TCBZ-R populations of F. hepatica.  相似文献   

Fasciola hepatica: a light and electron microscope study of sustentacular tissue and heterophagy in the testis     

Hanna RE  Moffett D  Brennan GP  Fairweather I 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,187(1-2):168-182

In order to investigate cytolytic activity in the testis of Fasciola hepatica, flukes belonging to several different triclabendazole (TCBZ)-sensitive and TCBZ-resistant isolates, and wild-type flukes from field infections, were studied by light and electron microscopy with a view to identifying sites of heterophagy and macromolecular hydrolysis. At the periphery of the testis tubules in all the flukes examined, large euchromatic nuclei, each bearing a prominent nucleolus, were seen. These were invested with a thin cytoplasmic layer, extensions of which partially enveloped and probably supported the neighbouring spermatogonia. No lateral cell boundaries were identified in this tissue, possibly indicating syncytial organisation. The tissue, considered to be analogous to Sertoli cells in vertebrate testis, was identified as sustentacular tissue. It displayed cytoplasmic features consistent with protein/glycoprotein synthesis (through a granular endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi mediated mechanism) and intracellular digestion/heterophagy (through a lysosomal system). The intracytoplasmic hydrolytic activity of the sustentacular tissue probably serves to scavenge effete cells and cytoplasmic debris, to recycle useful molecules, to promote spermatozoon maturation and possibly to aid osmoregulation within the tubules. Certain protein-containing macromolecules synthesised in the sustentacular tissue may contribute to the seminiferous fluid, or have pheromonal activity. The presence of numerous mitochondria and abundant smooth endoplasmic reticulum is consistent with facilitation of inward and outward movement of micromolecular nutrients, metabolites including excretory products and water. In the sustentacular tissue of certain flukes with dysfunctional spermiogenesis, there was increased heterophagic and cytolytic scavenging activity. The cytoplasmic residual vacuoles remaining after the release of spermatids were also identified as possible sites for lysosome-mediated intracellular digestion and osmoregulation in the testis tubules of F. hepatica.  相似文献   

Assessing the impact of interfering organic matter on soil metaproteomic workflow     

Matthias Waibel  Kevin McDonnell  Maria Tuohy  Sally Shirran  Sylvia Synowsky  Barry Thornton  Eric Paterson  Fiona Brennan  Florence Abram 《European Journal of Soil Science》2023,74(3):e13392

Soil organic matter (SOM) is biologically, chemically, and physically complex. As a major store of nutrients within the soil, it plays an important role in nutrient provision to plants. An enhanced understanding of SOM utilisation processes could underpin better fertiliser management for plant growth, with reduced environmental losses. Metaproteomics can allow the characterisation of protein profiles and could help gain insights into SOM microbial decomposition mechanisms. Here, we applied three different extraction methods to two soil types to recover SOM with different characteristics. Specifically, water-extractable organic matter, mineral-associated organic matter and protein-bound organic matter were targeted with the aim to investigate the metaproteome enriched in those extractions. As a proof-of-concept, replicated extracts from one soil were further analysed for peptide identification using liquid chromatography followed by tandem mass spectrometry. We employed a framework for mining mass spectra for both peptide assignment and fragmentation pattern characterisation. Different extracts were found to exhibit contrasting total protein and humic substance content for the two soils investigated. Overall, water extracts displayed the lowest humic substance content (in both soils) and the highest number of peptide identifications (in the soil investigated) with the most frequent peptide hits associated with diverse substrate/ligand binding proteins of Proteobacteria and derived taxa. Our framework also highlighted a strong peptidic signal in unassigned and unmatched spectra, information that is currently not captured by the pipelines employed in this study. Taken together, this work points to specific areas for optimisation in chromatography and mass spectrometry to adequately characterise SOM-associated metaproteomes.  相似文献   

GLUT4 but not GLUT1 expression decreases early in the development of feline obesity     

Brennan CL  Hoenig M  Ferguson DC 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2004,26(4):291-301

The increase in obesity in people and pets has been phenomenal. As in man, obesity in pets is a risk factor for many diseases including diabetes mellitus. Recently, tissue-specific regulation of glucose metabolism in fat and muscle tissue has been identified as an important factor for insulin sensitivity and it has been hypothesized that glucose uptake into tissues is altered in obesity causing insulin resistance. The purpose of this study was to determine the expression of the glucose transporter proteins GLUT4 and GLUT1 in muscle and fat from lean and obese cats. Seventeen domestic felines were tested in the lean state and again after a 6-month period of ad libitum food intake which led to a significant increase in weight (P<0.0001). Obese cats showed a significantly higher area under the curve (AUC) for glucose, AUC for insulin and a significant decrease in glucose percentage disappearance per min (K-value) (P=0.013, 0.018 and 0.017, respectively) during an intravenous glucose tolerance test, but no change in baseline glucose or glycosylated hemoglobin concentrations. GLUT4 expression was decreased in biopsies of both muscle (P=0.002) and fat (P=0.001) in the obese animals. GLUT4 in muscle and fat significantly and negatively correlated with the insulin AUC (r²=0.36, P=0.004 and r²=0.18, P=0.040, respectively). GLUT1 expression showed no significant change in the obese cats in either tissue. It is concluded that the changes in GLUT4 are early derangements in obesity and occur before glucose intolerance is clinically evident.  相似文献   

Prolonged dexamethasone treatment reduces insulin sensitivity and mTOR signaling     

L.E. Berg  D.E. Graugnard  R.E. Schaeffer  K.M. Brennan  K.L. Urschel 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013

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