Silicon reduces slug feeding on wheat seedlings     

Griffin  Mark  Hogan  Brian  Schmidt  Olaf 《Journal of pest science》2015,88(1):17-24

Journal of Pest Science - Slugs are a serious pest of cereal crops, and recent emphasis in slug pest management has shifted from solely chemical towards integrated approaches. The objective of the...  相似文献   

Processes affecting the dissipation of the herbicide isoxaflutole and its diketonitrile metabolite in agricultural soils under field conditions     

Papiernik SK  Yates SR  Koskinen WC  Barber B 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(21):8630-8639

Two-year field dissipation studies were conducted in three soil types in Minnesota to examine the processes affecting the dissipation of the herbicide isoxaflutole and its phytotoxic diketonitrile metabolite (DKN) under relatively cool, wet soil conditions. Plots of cuphea were treated with isoxaflutole and potassium bromide, a nonsorbed, nondegraded tracer. Replicate soil cores were collected six times during the growing season to a depth of 1 m, and the bromide or herbicide concentration was measured in each of five depth increments. The dissipation half-life (DT50) of isoxaflutole + DKN was 8-18 days in each soil. Bromide and herbicide concentrations were low at depths >40 cm throughout the study, and herbicide concentrations in soil 100 days after application were usually undetectable. Simulation modeling using Hydrus-1D for the loam soil suggested that plant uptake was an important mechanism of dissipation.  相似文献   

Coaches’ Attitudes Toward Campus Board Training in Adolescent Climbers in the United States     

Christopher W. McMullen  Brian J. Mugleston  Lyndsey N. Booker 《The Forestry Chronicle》2021,32(2):168-175

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Dietary nano-chromium tripicolinate increases feed intake and decreases plasma cortisol in finisher gilts during summer   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Alex Tsungyu Hung  Brian Joseph Leury  Matthew Allen Sabin  Cherie Louise Collins  Frank Rowland Dunshea 《Tropical animal health and production》2014,46(8):1483-1489

Chromium (Cr) is an essential mineral element and has been used in pig diets to improve growth performance, insulin sensitivity, immune response and carcase traits and to reduce heat or other stress responses. The aims of thiss study were to determine the impact of nano-sized chromium tripicolinate (nCrPic) on growth performance, feed efficiency and carcase characteristics of finisher gilts during the summer period. A total of 60 finisher Large White x Landrace gilts were stratified on initial weight and then within strata randomly allocated into two treatment groups in three replicates during mid-summer for 28 days. All pigs were housed in individual pens and had ad libitum access to feed and water. Pigs were fed either a control finisher diet (wheat-based diet containing 13.8 MJ digestible energy (DE) per kilogram and 0.56 g available lysine/MJ DE) or a control diet containing 400 ppb Cr as nCrPic. Dietary nCrPic supplementation increased feed intake by 6 % over the entire study (P?=?0.05). In particular, dietary nCrPic increased average daily feed intake (ADFI) by 8 % (P?=?0.02) during the final 2 weeks of the study. Moreover, dietary nCrPic tended to improve average daily feed (ADFI) over the entire study (P?=?0.09). However, there were no significant effects of nCrPic on feed conversion ratio (FCR), final weight, hot standard carcase weight (HCWT), P2 depth or dressing percentage. Plasma cortisol was decreased by 25 % (P?=?0.06) by dietary nCrPic supplementation. However, there were no effects of nCrPic on plasma glucose, insulin and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), might because of the higher feed intake. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that dietary nCrPic supplementation at 400 ppb can increase feed intake in finisher gilts during mid-summer, suggesting that nCrPic can ameliorate some of the negative effects of heat stress in pigs, possibly via decreased of circulating cortisol.  相似文献   

Biomechanical Evaluation of the Influence of an Intramedullary Pin on the Stability of a Feline Ilial Fracture Model Stabilized With a Bone Plate     

Renee C. Krebs DVM  MS  Simon C. Roe BVSc  PhD  Diplomate ACVS  Brian J. Trumpatori DVM  Diplomate ACVS  Gary Spodnick DVM  MS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2014,43(2):114-119

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Coil Embolization of a Palatine Artery Pseudoaneurysm in a Gelding     

Nathaniel R. McClellan DVM  Margaret C. Mudge VMD  Diplomate ACVS  ACVECC  Brian A. Scansen DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVIM  Stephen S. Jung MD  FACR  Duncan Russell BVMS  Diplomate ACVP 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2014,43(4):487-494

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Medium and Long Term Evaluation of Sliding Humeral Osteotomy in Dogs     

Kristin M. Wendelburg DVM  Brian S. Beale DVM  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2014,43(7):804-813

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A classification and evaluation of Irish water beetle assemblages     

Garth N. Foster  Brian H. Nelson  David T. Bilton  Derek A. Lott  Robert Merritt  Richard S. Weyl  Michael D. Eyre 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》1992,2(2):185-208

1. Modern records of 165 species of wetland beetle (Haliplidae, Hygrobiidae, Noteridae, Dytiscidae, Gyrinidae, Georissidae, Hydrochidae, Helophoridae, Hydrophilidae, Hydraenidae, Scirtidae, Dryopidae, Elmidae, Chrysomelidae, Curculionidae) were assembled for analysis. 2. Two hundred and eighty nine modern lists of seven or more species of water beetle from sites in Ireland were subjected to multivariate analysis. 3. Ten assemblage types were identified using TWINSPAN. Habitats typical of these assemblages are: A. deep rivers; B. rivers with riffles; C. puddles; D. canals and lakes with rich vegetation; E. ponds and ditches; F. turloughs; G. natural, minerotrophic fens; H. base-flushed cutover bogs; I. peat bogs; J. montane flushes. The distribution of these types is discussed. 4. Ordination of site data by DECORANA indicated that the important environmental variables dictating water beetle assemblage type in Ireland were: flow; water permanence; exposure; type of substratum. Acidity could not be isolated as a determinant, except within the analysis of assemblage types conducted using TWINSPAN. DECORANA isolated one brackish site as an outlier but salinity was not otherwise a major factor, probably because few brackish sites were included in the analysis. 5. The number of modern records for each species was used to provide a provisional set of species-quality scores. A simple rationale was devised to weight these scores in favour of relict species and against elusive species, species with short-lived adults and species primarily associated with man-made habitats. 6. The average species-quality score per site and the number of species recorded were used to rank sites within each TWINSPAN end-group. The most diverse sites with the highest quality were some turloughs, rich fens and base-flushed peat cutting complexes. Some montane lakes and flushes with relatively few species had high species-quality scores.  相似文献   

Effects of Feeding Frequency and Handling on Growth and Mortality of Cultured Walking Catfish Clarias fuscus   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Brian J.  Buurma James S.  Diana 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1994,25(2):175-182

Two experiments were conducted to study the effects of feeding frequency on growth, and of handling stress on growth and mortality, in intensive tank culture of the walking catfish Clarias fuscus . In the first experiment, fish were grown from an initial weight of 37 g for 34 d. A fixed ration of 3.0% body weight per day was divided into either 1, 2, or 3 feedings per day, and fish were either handled weekly or left unhandled for the entire experiment. Fish given 3 feedings per day experienced 19% faster growth ( P < 0.05) than fish given the same ration in a single feeding per day. These differences in growth reflect differences in assimilation efficiency, assuming all other metabolic costs were constant among treatments. Handling of individuals caused decreased growth; however, there was no effect on mortality.
In the second experiment, fish were grown from an initial weight of 78 g for 29 d. Fish were fed either 1 or 2 satiation feedings per day and were either handled weekly or left unhandled for the entire experiment. Fish fed 2 satiation feedings per day experienced 47% faster growth ( P < 0.05) than fish fed 1 satiation feeding per day, which was assumed to reflect a higher level of food consumption. No effect of handling on either growth or mortality was observed for fish in experiment 2. Multiple meals per day also reduced depensatory growth among individuals in both experiments.  相似文献   

Mapping sources,sinks, and connectivity using a simulation model of northern spotted owls     

Nathan H. Schumaker  Allen Brookes  Jeffrey R. Dunk  Brian Woodbridge  Julie A. Heinrichs  Joshua J. Lawler  Carlos Carroll  David LaPlante 《Landscape Ecology》2014,29(4):579-592

Source-sink dynamics are an emergent property of complex species–landscape interactions. A better understanding of how human activities affect source-sink dynamics has the potential to inform and improve the management of species of conservation concern. Here we use a study of the northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina) to introduce new methods for quantifying source-sink dynamics that simultaneously describe the population-wide consequences of changes to landscape connectivity. Our spotted owl model is mechanistic, spatially-explicit, individual-based, and incorporates competition with barred owls (Strix varia). Our observations of spotted owl source-sink dynamics could not have been inferred solely from habitat quality, and were sensitive to landscape connectivity and the spatial sampling schemes employed by the model. We conclude that a clear understanding of source-sink dynamics can best be obtained from sampling simultaneously at multiple spatial scales. Our methodology is general, can be readily adapted to other systems, and will work with population models ranging from simple and low-parameter to complex and data-intensive.  相似文献