Allogeneic major histocompatibility complex‐mismatched equine bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells are targeted for death by cytotoxic anti‐major histocompatibility complex antibodies          下载免费PDF全文

A.K. Berglund  L.V. Schnabel 《Equine veterinary journal》2017,49(4):539-544

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Technological Advances to Address Current Issues in Entomology: 2020 Student Debates     

Lina Bernaola  Molly Darlington  Kadie Britt  Patricia Prade  Morgan Roth  Adrian Pekarcik  Michelle Boone  Dylan Ricke  Anh Tran  Joanie King  Kelly Carruthers  Morgan Thompson  John J Ternest  Sarah E Anderson  Scott W Gula  Kayleigh C Hauri  Jacob R Pecenka  Sajjan Grover  Heena Puri  Surabhi Gupta Vakil 《Journal of insect science (Online)》2021,21(2)

The 2020 Student Debates of the Entomological Society of America (ESA) were live-streamed during the Virtual Annual Meeting to debate current, prominent entomological issues of interest to members. The Student Debates Subcommittee of the National ESA Student Affairs Committee coordinated the student efforts throughout the year and hosted the live event. This year, four unbiased introductory speakers provided background for each debate topic while four multi-university teams were each assigned a debate topic under the theme ‘Technological Advances to Address Current Issues in Entomology’. The two debate topics selected were as follows: 1) What is the best taxonomic approach to identify and classify insects? and 2) What is the best current technology to address the locust swarms worldwide? Unbiased introduction speakers and debate teams began preparing approximately six months before the live event. During the live event, teams shared their critical thinking and practiced communication skills by defending their positions on either taxonomical identification and classification of insects or managing the damaging outbreaks of locusts in crops.  相似文献   

Causes of death in the native sheep of North Ronaldsay, Orkney. II. Lambs     

J R Baker  D P Britt 《The British veterinary journal》1990,146(2):143-146

Investigation showed that the common causes of death in North Ronaldsay lambs were trauma due to behavioural patterns and starvation/hypothermia due in part to poor condition of the ewes.  相似文献   

Efficacy of ivermectin against Dictyocaulus arnfieldi in ponies     

D P Britt  J M Preston 《The Veterinary record》1985,116(13):343-345

The efficacy of orally administered ivermectin against induced Dictyocaulus arnfieldi infection was evaluated in a controlled study comprising 12 yearling ponies. Treatment with ivermectin paste, at a dose rate of 200 micrograms/kg bodyweight orally once, was 100 per cent effective against both adult and immature or inhibited stages of the horse lungworm. Similar control of second and third instars of Gastrophilus intestinalis was observed and no nematode eggs were present in faeces from seven to 15 days after treatment when the study was terminated.  相似文献   

Experimental chemotherapy in horses infected with benzimidazole-resistant small strongyles     

D P Britt  M J Clarkson 《The Veterinary record》1988,123(9):219-221

The presence of benzimidazole-resistant strains of equine small strongyles was confirmed in horses at two properties in north west England by a series of faecal egg counts and larval cultures after treatment with mebendazole. A trail formulation of mebendazole in combination with piperazine citrate gave greater reductions in faecal egg counts than mebendazole alone but was much less effective than pyrantel embonate or dichlorvos.  相似文献   

Anthelmintic evaluation of a thiabendazole-resistant strain of Ostertagia circumcincta recovered from sheep in England     

D P Britt  G A Oakley 《Veterinary parasitology》1986,19(1-2):95-101

A total of 35 worm-free lambs were infected with a strain of Ostertagia circumcincta isolated earlier from sheep in Cheshire, England, and found to be resistant to thiabendazole (TBZ). When patency was established the sheep were divided into groups of six, and dosed orally with either TBZ (44 mg kg-1, 88 mg kg-1), fenbendazole (FBZ; 5 mg kg-1) or levamisole (7.5 mg kg-1) or not treated. Three of the remaining five animals were dosed with FBZ at 10 mg kg-1. Egg hatch tests, post-dosing faecal egg counts and post-mortem worm counts confirmed resistance to TBZ, and a degree of side-resistance to FBZ was also revealed. Only levamisole gave the clearance expected of modern anthelmintics.  相似文献   

Elicitation of release of luteinizing hormone by N-methyl-d,l-aspartic acid during three paradigms of suppressed secretion of luteinizing hormone in the female pig.     

L A Sesti  J H Britt 《Domestic animal endocrinology》1992,9(2):105-114

Two experiments were conducted to determine the minimal effective dose during lactation and site of action of N-methyl-d,l-aspartic acid (NMA) for elicitation of release of luteinizing hormone (LH) in female pigs. In the first experiment, three doses of NMA were given to lactating primiparous sows in which endogenous LH was suppressed by suckling of litters. In the second experiment, ovariectomized gilts were pretreated with estradiol benzoate or porcine antisera against GnRH to suppress LH and then given NMA to determine if it elicited secretion of LH directly at the anterior pituitary or through release of GnRH. In experiment 1, 3 lactating sows (17 +/- 1.5 d postpartum) were each given three doses of NMA (1.5, 3.0 and 5.0 mg/kg body weight [BW]; IV) on 3 consecutive days in a Latin Square design. Blood samples were collected every 10 min from -1 to 1 hr from injection of NMA. NMA at 1.5 and 3.0 mg/kg did not affect (p greater than .5) secretion of LH; however, 5 mg NMA/kg elicited a 114% increase (p less than .001) in circulating levels of LH during 1 hr after treatment. In experiment 2, 8 ovariectomized gilts were given either estradiol benzoate (EB; 10 micrograms/kg BW; IM n = 4) to suppress release of GnRH or porcine antiserum against GnRH (GnRH-Ab; titer 1:8,000; 1 ml/kg BW; IV; n = 4) to neutralize endogenous GnRH. Gilts infused with GnRH-Ab were given a second dose of antiserum 24 hr after the first. Gilts were then given NMA (10 mg/kg BW; IV) 33 hr after EB or initial GnRH-Ab. Blood samples were drawn every 6 hr from -12 to 24 hr from EB or GnRH-Ab treatments, and every 10 min from -2 to 2 hr from NMA. Serum LH declined (p less than .001) after EB (from 1.87 +/- .2 ng/ml at 12 hr before EB to 0.46 +/- .02 ng/ml during 24 hr after EB) and GnRH-Ab (from 1.97 +/- .1 to 0.59 +/- .02 ng/ml). In gilts treated with EB, the area under the curve (AUC) for the LH response (ng.ml-1.min) 1 hr after NMA (38.7 +/- 3) was significantly greater (p less than .01) than the 1 hr prior to NMA (21.3 +/- 1.5). Treatment with NMA had no effect (p greater than .5) on secretion of LH in gilts infused with GnRH-Ab.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)  相似文献   

Aphanomyces pea root rot disease and control with special reference to impact of Brassicaceae cover crops     

Shakhawat Hossain  Göran Bergkvist  Kerstin Berglund  Anna Mårtensson 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(6):477-487

Abstract

Pea root rot disease caused by the pathogen Aphanomyces euteiches deserves increased attention, since peas are an important cash crop and also improve the N balance in temperate agriculture. However, due to pea root rot it is difficult to cultivate peas as frequently and successfully as desired. In the search for biological measures to overcome this problem, attention has been drawn to the use of Brassicaceae plants as cover crops between main crops, since these can be effective catch crops for nutrients and also exert allelopathic effects. Many species within the Brassicaceae contain glucosinolates (GSLs). Their hydrolysis products, the volatile isothiocyanates (ITCs), have been shown to suppress soil-borne plant pathogens such as A. euteiches. In addition, Brassicaceae biomass releases water-soluble toxic substances such as oxazolidine-2-thione and supplies nutrients and organic matter. Overall, this influences the soil microbial community and the final suppression of pathogens. Due to the unpredictability of the control effect of Brassicaceae biomass incorporation into soil on the pathogen, there is a need to define the mechanisms behind suppression in the field situation. This review focuses on how incorporation of Brassicaceae biomass suppresses A. euteiches under field conditions and the effect on the emerging pea. Different factors influencing the severity of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) root rot disease are also discussed. One conclusion is that suppression of pea root rot depends on the quality and quantity of incorporated Brassicaceae biomass.  相似文献   

Seventh COLUMA Weed Control Conference, 1973     

Britt  Pessala 《Weed Research》1974,14(3):203-204

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Effect of gentamicin on CD3+ T-lymphocyte proliferation for treatment of equine recurrent uveitis: An in vitro study     

Hannah L. Smith  Alix K. Berglund  James B. Robertson  Lauren V. Schnabel  Richard J. McMullen Jr  Brian C. Gilger  Annie Oh 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2023,26(4):347-354

Objective

The objective of the study was to determine the effect of gentamicin on CD3+ T-lymphocyte proliferation and cell viability using an in vitro cell culture model as a means of investigating the mechanism of action of low-dose intravitreal gentamicin injection.

Animals Studied

Three adult horses with no evidence of ophthalmic or systemic disease.

Procedure

Peripheral blood lymphocytes were treated with gentamicin at concentrations 37.5 μg/mL, 112.5 μg/mL, 187 μg/mL, 375 μg/mL, or 750 μg/mL then stimulated to proliferate with concanavalin A (ConA). 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and carboxyfluoroscein succinimidyl ester (CSFE) were used as markers of cell viability and cell proliferation, respectively. Following 5-day culture, live cell counts and CSFE fluorescent intensity data were collected via automated cell count and flow cytometry. The experimental design was duplicated using preservative-free gentamicin and a proprietary brand formulation. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparison test.

Results

No statistically significant comparisons in CD3+ T-lymphocyte live cell counts and geometric mean fluorescent intensity of CSFE were identified between gentamicin concentrations or formulations.

Conclusions

Gentamicin had no effect on equine peripheral blood CD3+ T-lymphocyte cell viability and proliferation in concentrations ranging from “safe” to “retinotoxic” in relation to intravitreal injection volumes. Low-dose intravitreal gentamicin may not suppress the Th1- and Th17-mediated immune response.  相似文献