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51.
The kinetics of a first-order, solid-solid phase transition were investigated in the prototypical nanocrystal system CdSe as a function of crystallite size. In contrast to extended solids, nanocrystals convert from one structure to another by single nucleation events, and the transformations obey simple unimolecular kinetics. Barrier heights were observed to increase with increasing nanocrystal size, although they also depend on the nature of the nanocrystal surface. These results are analogous to magnetic phase transitions in nanocrystals and suggest general rules that may be of use in the discovery of new metastable phases. 相似文献
52.
JP Anchordoquy JM Anchordoquy MA Sirini G Mattioli SJ Picco CC Furnus 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(6):905-911
Manganese (Mn) is a trace element present in forages and cereals, and its concentration depends on soil status. Manganese deficiency in cattle, goats and ewes not only impairs oestrous cycle but reduces calf birth weight. The achievement of the first oestrus is delayed, and more attempts are necessary to obtain a successful conception. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the availability of supplemental Mn during IVM on DNA damage of cumulus cells and total glutathione (GSH) content in oocytes and cumulus cells. The effect of supplementary Mn during IVM on subsequent embryo development was also studied. The results reported here indicate (i) DNA damage in cumulus cells decreased with 0, 2, 5 and 6 ng/ml Mn supplementation during IVM (p < 0.05). (ii) Intracellular GSH‐GSSG content increased (p < 0.01) with different Mn concentrations in oocytes and cumulus cells. Also, cumulus cell number per cumulus oocyte‐complexes (COC) did not differ either before or after IVM. (iii) Addition of Mn to maturation medium resulted in similar cleavage rates (p > 0.05) at 0, 2, 5 and 6 ng/ml Mn. However, subsequent embryo development to blastocyst stage was significantly higher (p < 0.01) in oocytes matured with 5 and 6 ng/ml Mn. (iv) There was also an increase (p < 0.05) in mean cell number per blastocyst obtained from oocytes matured with 5 and 6 ng/ml respect to zero Mn (IVM alone) and 2 ng/ml Mn. This study provides evidence that optimal embryo development to the blastocyst stage was partially dependent on the presence of Mn during IVM. Moreover, the availability of Mn during oocyte maturation ensures ‘normal’ intracellular GSH content in COCs and protects DNA integrity of cumulus cells. 相似文献
53.
E Jiménez CC Pérez‐Marín G Vizuete Y Millán EI Agüera 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(4):665-672
To evaluate and compare the efficacy of various extenders for the cryopreservation of epididymal cat spermatozoa, two experiments were planned. Bovine and equine commercial extenders in the experiment 1 and TRIS–egg yolk–based extenders in experiment 2 were separately studied since the number of sperm collected per cat is reduced. Epididymal sperm samples were packaged into 0.25‐ml straws and frozen. Vigour, motility, morphology, acrosome status, sperm viability and functional membrane integrity were assessed at collection, after cooling and after thawing, while DNA integrity was evaluated at 0‐ and 6‐h post‐thaw. Experiment 1 compared the effect of three non‐feline commercial extenders – based on TRIS–egg yolk (Triladyl), egg‐yolk‐free medium (AndroMed) and skimmed milk‐egg yolk (Gent) – on the quality of frozen‐thawed epididymal cat sperm. Values for sperm motility and functional membrane integrity in cooled sperm diluted in Triladyl were higher (p < 0.001) than those recorded for Andromed and Gent. Except sperm morphology, the other assessed characteristics showed significant higher values in frozen‐thawed sperm diluted in Triladyl than in Andromed and Gent extenders. Experiment 2 analysed the effects of three TRIS–egg yolk–based extenders, one non‐feline commercial (Triladyl) and the other two prepared using different monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), on freezing‐thawed sperm. Results showed that specifically prepared extenders for cryopreservation of feline spermatozoa performed better than the commercial extender Triladyl, although sperm quality during the freezing‐thawing process did not significantly differ associated with the type of monosaccharide (glucose vs fructose) added to the mentioned extenders. Although TRIS–egg yolk–based extenders prepared in experiment 2 improved sperm cryoprotection, Triladyl remains a good option for practitioners who, for ease of use and availability, prefer to work with commercial extenders. 相似文献
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文艺复兴时期风格的壁画前,香槟色的水晶吊灯摇曳生姿;1950年代的古董小边柜上摆放着几盏中东风韵的彩色烛台;朴素无常的实木餐桌简雅而温暖:设计师莎拉·阿恩特不仅喜欢周游世界,更喜欢把在世界各地发现的好看又实用的古董运用到她的设计中。 相似文献
56.
当邦妮和汉密尔顿·潘思打算为即将开始的婚姻生活寻找一个新家时,他们对未来并没有任何详细的规划,这个全新的温馨家园是由梅勒妮为他们设计的。现在,这对夫妇和11个月大的双胞胎女儿一起生活在伯明翰乡村的小别墅里,庭前碧树小径,一派悠然自得的田园风情。 相似文献
57.
N. Heliczer K. Mitchell O. Lorello J. Dauvillier D. Burger C.C. Schwarzwald C. Navas de Solis 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2017,19(3):299-307
A 20-year-old warmblood breeding stallion presented to a University practice for semen collection and evaluation was incidentally diagnosed with atrial fibrillation (AF). Electrocardiogram recordings during breeding revealed inappropriately rapid tachycardia and occasional ventricular premature depolarizations/aberrant ventricular conduction. Transvenous electrical cardioversion was performed. After successful cardioversion the horse displayed supraventricular ectopy and atrial contractile dysfunction and was administered sotalol hydrochloride in an attempt to decrease the risk of AF recurrence. Supraventricular ectopy and echocardiographic evidence of atrial dysfunction gradually improved and normalized over 6 months. No direct adverse effects of the chronic anti-arrhythmic treatment were observed and libido and semen quality were unaffected. AF recurred 6 months after cardioversion and sotalol therapy was continued to control the ventricular ectopy/aberrant ventricular conduction during semen collection. Considerations regarding pathologic arrhythmias and inappropriately high heart rates in breeding stallions with AF may be similar to those in riding horses. Sotalol hydrochloride was a safe anti-arrhythmic drug in the management of this case. 相似文献
58.
In vitro production of porcine zygotes using intracytoplasmic injection of vitrified sperm
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CC Arraztoa C Baca Castex GM Alvarez PD Cetica DM Neild 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(5):775-780
The objectives of this study were to evaluate if vitrified porcine spermatozoa are able to maintain their capacity to produce zygotes in vitro using intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and to evaluate the zygote development in two in vitro atmospheric conditions: 5% CO2 and tri‐gas. A group of porcine oocytes maturated in vitro were injected with vitrified‐warmed sperm (treatment group) and another group, with sperm diluted and conserved at 17°C (control group). To evidence parthenogenetic activation, some oocytes were submitted to a Sham test. The injected oocytes were cultured in G1 medium at 38°C, 100% humidity and 5% CO2 or tri‐gas. No significant differences (p > .05) were observed in embryo development between the oocytes injected with vitrified‐warmed sperm (31.8%; 36/113), and those injected with semen diluted and conserved at 17°C (35.5%; 32/90), when cultured in 5% CO2 or under tri‐gas atmosphere (42.9%; 39/91 vs. 34.2%; 26/76, respectively). No significant differences (p > .05) were observed in the percentage of pronuclei (PN) obtained between 5% CO2 and tri‐gas, within each treatment either. Of the 52 oocytes submitted to the Sham test, only two presented a female PN (activation) indicating that the PN observed in the treatment group were a product of fertilization and not parthenogenetic activation. To conclude, porcine sperm vitrified using spheres, at a concentration of 5 × 106 spermatozoa/ml in TALP medium with 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA), conserve condensed and intact chromatin capable of producing early embryo development up to the pronuclear stage. 相似文献
59.
Validation of a Point‐of‐Care Quantitative Equine IgG Turbidimetric Immunoassay and Comparison of IgG Concentrations Measured with Radial Immunodiffusion and a Point‐of‐Care IgG ELISA
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