Ovulation,Pregnancy Rate and Early Embryonic Development in Vernal Transitional Mares Treated with Equine‐ or Porcine‐FSH     

T Raz  MD Amorim  BC Stover  CE Card 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(2):287-294

The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of purified equine‐ and porcine‐FSH treatment regimes in mares in early vernal transition. Mares (n = 22) kept under ambient light were examined ultrasonographically per‐rectum, starting January 30th. They were assigned to one of two treatment groups using a sequential alternating treatment design when a follicle ≥ 25 mm was detected. In the eFSH group, mares were treated twice daily with equine‐FSH, and in the pFSH group mares were treated twice daily with porcine‐FSH; treatments were continued until follicle(s) ≥ 35 mm, and 24 h later hCG was administered. Oestrous mares were inseminated with fresh semen and examined for pregnancy on days 11–20 post‐ovulation. In the eFSH group, 11/11 (100%) mares developed follicle(s) ≥ 35 mm, 8/11 (73%) ovulated and 6/8 (75%) conceived. In the pFSH group, 5/11 (45%) developed follicle(s) ≥ 35 mm, 4/11 (36%) ovulated and 3/4 (75%) conceived. Treatment with eFSH resulted in a greater ovarian stimulation; higher number of pre‐ovulatory‐sized follicles, higher number of ovulations and higher number of embryos (p < 0.05). Following ovulation, serum progesterone concentrations were correlated with the number of CLs and supported early embryonic development; maternal recognition of pregnancy occurred in all pregnant mares. We concluded that eFSH can be used to effectively induce follicular growth and ovulation in vernal transitional mares; however, if bred, diagnosis and management of twins’ pregnancies would be required prior to day 16 because of the increased risk of multiple embryos per pregnancy. Conversely, the current pFSH treatment regime cannot be recommended.  相似文献   

Transplacental Transfer of Iron in the Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis): Uteroferrin and Erythrophagocytosis     

FTV Pereira  FC Braga  KC Burioli  JR Kfoury Jr  LJ Oliveira  PC Papa  AF Carvalho  CE Ambrósio  FW Bazer  MA Miglino 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(5):907-914

The objectives of this investigation were to understand transplacental transport of iron by secreted uteroferrin (UF) and haemophagous areas of water buffalo placenta and clarify the role(s) of blood extravasation at the placental‐maternal interface. Placentomes and interplacentomal region of 51 placentae at various stages of gestation were fixed, processed for light and transmission electron microscopy, histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Haemophagous areas were present in placentomes collected between 4 and 10 months of pregnancy. Perl’s reaction for ferric iron was negative in placentomes, but positive in endometrial glands. Positive staining for UF indicated areas in which it was being taken up by phagocytosis and/or fluid phase pinocytosis in areolae of the interplacentomal mesenchyme, with little staining in endometrial stroma. Imunohistochemistry detected UF in trophectoderm of haemophagous regions of placentomes and in other parts of the foetal villous tree, but the strongest immunostaining was in the epithelial cells and lumen of uterine glands. Ultrastructural analyses indicated that erythrophagocytosis was occurring and that erythrocytes were present inside cells of the chorion that also contained endocytic vesicles and caveolae. Results of this study indicate that both the haemophagous areas of placentomes and the areolae at the interface between chorion and endometrial glands are important sites for iron transfer from mother to foetal‐placental tissues in buffalo throughout pregnancy.  相似文献   

Lag screw fixation of dorsal cortical stress fractures of the third metacarpal bone in 116 racehorses     

S. L. JALIM  C. W. McILWRAITH  N. L. GOODMAN  G. A. ANDERSON 《Equine veterinary journal》2010,42(7):586-590

Reasons for performing study: The effectiveness and best method to manage dorsal cortical stress fractures is not clear. This study was performed to evaluate the success of lag screw fixation of such fractures in a population of Thoroughbred racehorses. Hypothesis: Lag screw fixation of dorsal cortical stress fractures is an effective surgical procedure allowing racehorses to return to their preoperative level of performance. Methods: The records of 116 racehorses (103 Thoroughbreds) admitted to Equine Medical Centre, California between 1986 and 2008 were assessed. Information obtained from medical records included subject details, limb(s) affected, fracture configuration, length of screw used in repair and presence of concurrent surgical procedures performed. Racing performance was evaluated relative to these factors using Fisher's exact test and nonparametric methods with a level of significance of P<0.05. Results: Of 92 Thoroughbred horses, 83% raced preoperatively and 83% raced post operatively, with 63% having ≥5 starts. There was no statistically significant association between age, gender, limb affected, fracture configuration or presence of concurrent surgery and likelihood of racing post operatively or of having 5 or more starts. The mean earnings per start and the performance index for the 3 races following surgery were lower compared to the 3 races prior to surgery; however, 29 and 45% of horses either improved or did not change their earnings per start and performance index, respectively. Conclusions and potential relevance: Data show that lag screw fixation is successful at restoring ability to race in horses suffering from dorsal cortical stress fractures.  相似文献   

Endothelin receptor subtype A blockade does not affect the haemodynamic recovery from haemorrhage during xenon/remifentanil or isoflurane/remifentanil anaesthesia in dogs     

Roland CE Francis  Claudia Höhne  Adrian Klein  Udo X Kaisers  Philipp A Pickerodt  Willehad Boemke 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2010,37(3):258-268

ObjectiveTo test the compensatory role of endothelin-1 when acute blood loss is superimposed on anaesthesia, by characterizing the effect of systemic endothelin receptor subtype A (ET_A) blockade on the haemodynamic and hormonal responses to haemorrhage in dogs anaesthetized with xenon/remifentanil (X/R) or isoflurane/remifentanil (I/R).Study designProspective experimental randomized controlled study.AnimalsSix female Beagle dogs, 13.4 ± 1.3 kg.MethodsAnimals were anaesthetized with remifentanil 0.5 μg kg^?1 minute^?1 plus either 0.8% isoflurane (I/R) or 63% xenon (X/R), with and without (Control) the systemic intravenous endothelin receptor subtype A antagonist atrasentan (four groups, n = 6 each). After 60 minutes of baseline anaesthesia, the dogs were bled (20 mL kg^?1) over 5 minutes and hypovolemia was maintained for 1 hour. Continuous haemodynamic monitoring was performed via femoral and pulmonary artery catheters; vasoactive hormones were measured before and after haemorrhage.ResultsIn Controls, systemic vascular resistance (SVR), vasopressin and catecholamine plasma concentrations were higher with X/R than with I/R anaesthesia at pre-haemorrhage baseline. The peak increase after haemorrhage was higher during X/R than during I/R anaesthesia (SVR 7420 ± 867 versus 5423 ± 547 dyne seconds cm^?5; vasopressin 104 ± 23 versus 44 ± 6 pg mL^?1; epinephrine 2956 ± 310 versus 177 ± 99 pg mL^?1; norepinephrine 862 ± 117 versus 195 ± 33 pg mL^?1, p < 0.05). Haemorrhage reduced central venous pressure from 3 ± 1 to 1 ± 1 cmH₂O (I/R, ns) and from 8 ± 1 to 5 ± 1 cmH₂O (X/R, p < 0.05), but did not reduce mean arterial pressure, nor cardiac output. Atrasentan did not alter the haemodynamic and hormonal response to haemorrhage during either anaesthetic protocol.Conclusions and clinical relevanceSelective ET_A receptor blockade with atrasentan did not impair the haemodynamic and hormonal compensation of acute haemorrhage during X/R or I/R anaesthesia in dogs.  相似文献   

A visual assessment technique for estimating seagrass standing crop     

P. J. MUMBY  A. J. EDWARDS  E. P. GREEN  C. W. ANDERSON  A. C. ELLIS  C. D. CLARK 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》1997,7(3):239-251

1. Ground-truthing techniques for measuring seagrass standing crop need to be simple, precise, non-destructive and quick. 2. Mellors (1991) designed a visual assessment technique for estimating above-ground seagrass biomass. This paper builds on Mellors' work and presents a modified method for estimating standing crop which uses a six-point ordinal scale (excluding zero). 3. Being non-destructive, this technique is ideally suited for resource assessment in environmentally sensitive areas and, being quick, is potentially useful when threats are imminent. 4. Statistical methods and data presented in this study will allow sample size/statistical power relationships to be estimated for any comparable study and therefore negate the need to conduct pilot surveys. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

From monsoons to mantas: seasonal distribution of Manta alfredi in the Maldives     

R. CHARLES ANDERSON  M. SHIHAM ADAM  JOAQUIM I. GOES 《Fisheries Oceanography》2011,20(2):104-113

The Republic of Maldives in the central Indian Ocean is home to large numbers of manta rays, Manta alfredi. They are known to undertake seasonal migrations within the Maldives, but these movements have not been well documented. The aims of this study were to map the seasonal distribution of manta rays within the Maldives, and to provide some indications of the physical and biological oceanographic processes affecting their distribution. The seasonal distribution of mantas was determined from a national survey of fishermen, interviews with experienced divers and personal observations. The data demonstrate that the distribution of mantas is strongly influenced by the seasonally reversing monsoon currents. Mantas occur on the downstream sides of the atolls, and are rare on the upstream sides, switching sides biannually as the monsoon currents change direction. These seasonally alternating currents are driven by monsoon winds which also alternate according to the season, and bring clear oceanic water to the upstream sides of the atolls. As the currents pass over the Maldives ridge, nutrient‐rich waters are lifted to the surface, promoting phytoplankton blooms (as demonstrated by the distribution of chlorophyll‐a) on the downstream sides of the atolls. This manifestation of the island mass effect supports an abundance of zooplankton, which in turn supports the manta rays.  相似文献   

Changing Concepts in Development Theory     

CHARLES W. ANDERSON 《Growth and change》1971,2(3):29-35

  相似文献   

Relationship between milk production and somatic cell count in dairy cows in East Gippsland     

AR CAMERON  GA ANDERSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1993,70(1):13-17

SUMMARY The analysis of records for 75 821 herd tests on 23 700 cows in the Macalister Irrigation District of East Gippsland, using a model that also included stage of lactation, herd and cow effects, found a strong relationship between somatic cell count and milk production. Unit increases in the natural logarithm of the somatic cell count were associated with decreases in production of up to 2.6% in the range 54 598 to 403 429 cells per mL. This is equivalent to a decrease of 1.9% for a doubling of cell count from 100 000 to 200 000 cells per mL. Subclinical mastitis was assessed to be a significant source of loss in milk production in the study area.  相似文献   

Necrolytic Migratory Erythema in a Dog with a Glucagon-Secreting Endocrine Tumor     

WILLIAM H. MILLER Jr.    WAYNE I. ANDERSON  JOSEPH P. McCANN 《Veterinary dermatology》1991,2(3-4):179-182

Abstract— A 5-year-old mongrel dog developed necrolytic migratory erythema secondary to a glucagon-secreting α cell tumor. The dog was anemic, glucose intolerant, and hyperglucagonemic but liver function tests were within normal limits. Metastatic tumor cells were found in the liver but the primary tumor was not identified.
Résumé— Un chien croisé mâle de 5 ans a développé un Erythème nécrolytique migrant secondaire à un glucayonome. L'animal était anémié, présentait une intolérance au glucose et une hyperglucagonémie, avec des tests fontcionnels hépatiques dans les limites des valeurs usuelles. Des cellules métastaiques tumorales ont été retrouvées dans le foie, mais la tumeur primitive n'a pas été identifiée.
Zusamenfassung —Ein 5 Jahr alter Mischingshund entwickelte sekundär auf einen Glukagon-sezernierenden Tumor ein nekroyltisches Erythema migrans. Das Tier war anämisch, Glukose-intolerant und hyperglukagonämische; die Leberfunktionstests befanden sich jedoch innerhalb normaler Grenzwerte. Matastatische Tumorzellen waren in der Leber nachweisbar, der Primärtumor konnte jedoch nicht identifizert werden.
Resumen  Un perro cruzado de 5 años desarrollo un eritema necrolítico migratorio, secundario a un tumor de celulas secretoras de glucógeno. El perro era anémico, presentaba intolerancia a la glucosa, e hiperglucogenia, pero los resultados de los tests que evaluaban la función hepática feuron normales. Se encontraron células tumorales metastásicas procedentes del hígado, pero el tumor primario no se identificó. Se encontraron células tumorales metastásicas procedentes del hígado, pero el tumor primario no se identificicó.  相似文献   

A comparison of six methods used for detecting pregnancy in sheep   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

B. R. WATT  G. A. ANDERSON  I. P. CAMPBELL† 《Australian veterinary journal》1984,61(12):377-382

The speed and accuracy of 4 ultrasonic devices (Scanopreg, Pregmatic 3, Medata external probe and Medata rectal probe) were compared with udder scoring and harnessed vasectomised rams as methods of pregnancy diagnosis in 177 ewes, 59 of which were non-pregnant. When using the Scanopreg in ewes of greater than 50 days gestation, accuracy in pregnant ewes averaged 98% and in non-pregnant ewes 87%. The Pregmatic 3 was 97% accurate in pregnant ewes after 50 days gestation and was 96% accurate in non-pregnant ewes. Ewes were examined at between 85 and 185 per hour using these devices. The Medata external probe was 99% accurate in pregnant ewes of greater than 110 days gestation but less accurate in early gestation. This instrument averaged 89% accuracy in non-pregnant ewes and an examination rate of 29 to 35 ewes per hour was achieved. The Medata rectal probe averaged 85% accuracy in pregnant ewes after 70 days gestation. Accuracy averaged 94% in non-pregnant ewes. Ewes were examined at between 35 and 59 per hour using this device. After 130 days gestation 84% of ewes had firm, obviously enlarge udders and another 14% had slight to moderate udder development. After 130 days gestation thick, clear udder secretions were expressed from 18% of ewes and thick, milky udder secretions were expressed from 8%. Harnessed vasectomised rams raddled one of 118 pregnant ewes (an accuracy in pregnant sheep of 99%) and raddled 53% of non pregnant ewes. It was concluded that the ultrasonic pregnancy testing devices have a commercial role, especially as aids to decision making.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献