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41.
The aims of this study were to establish the frequency of occurrence, intensity and symmetry of focal increased radiopharmaceutical uptake in the dorsoproximal aspect of the diaphysis of the proximal phalanx; to determine if this focal increased radiopharmaceutical uptake was related to age, height, gender, breed, bodyweight, or discipline of the horse, and if there was any relationship with lameness. Scintigraphic images from 690 horses were analyzed subjectively and objectively. Age, breed, discipline, height, weight, gender, and lame limb(s) or reasons for presentation were recorded for all horses. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify associations between available variables and focal increased radiopharmaceutical uptake. Focal increased radiopharmaceutical uptake was present in 17% of forelimbs and 7% of hindlimbs. It occurred most frequently in the forelimbs of older, taller, and heavier warmblood and warmblood cross dressage horses, and the hindlimbs of older, taller, and heavier showjumpers and dressage horses. It was usually bilaterally symmetrical and was not associated with lameness.  相似文献   
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The objectives of the present study were to examine the spatial patterns of sward dry matter (DM) and nitrogen (N) yields in a grass silage field at first, second, and third cuts over a 3-year period; quantify their temporal stabilities with temporal stability maps; and assess the potential for site-specific management in each pasture-growing period using classified management maps. At cut 1, the spatial patterns of DM and N yields proved to be well defined and temporally stable and were likely to be due to differences in the net N mineralization rates across the field during spring. In contrast, at cut 2, the patterns of DM production were patchy and temporally unstable. It was concluded that, in principle, a simple site-specific approach to N fertilization would be possible in this field during spring at cut 1. At later harvests, the rationale for a site-specific approach to fertilizer management was less clear with logistics appearing to be more complex and less feasible.  相似文献   
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A correction factor for lime quality ( F ), is described, which can be used to convert CaCO3 requirements into recommendations for commercially available liming materials. A model is presented that relates values of F to the properties of both the liming materials and the soils to which the materials are applied. The results of independent tests demonstrate that the model is capable of predicting suitable values of F for a wide variety of different soil-lime treatments.
A procedure is described for estimating the amount of liming material required to adjust the pH in soils with widely varying organic matter contents. The procedure incorporates all the models and relationships developed in this study and appears to provide a more comprehensive method of evaluating the lime requirement of temperate acidic soils than any other method currently available.  相似文献   
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The microbiology of soils subjected to stripping and stockpiling at opencast mine sites was investigated using a combination of and biomass fumigation plate-count techniques. Mounds varied in age from a few weeks to 11 years, and soils included both mineral and organic variants. Results showed that after an initial stimulation of bacteria, microbial populations declined in stockpiles. Numbers of viable fungal propagules, and to a lesser extent actinomycetes, declined with depth in mounds, particularly below about 1 m, and this trend was accentuated with increased time of storage. However, stockpiled soils were highly variable in terms of microbiological status and displayed considerable lateral as well as vertical heterogeneity.  相似文献   
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Abstract Nyumba ya Mungu Reservoir in northern Tanzania has a maximum surface area of 180 km2, an average depth of 6 m, and contains moderately saline, fertile water. The postimpoundment decade, 1965–74, was characterised by a spectacular rise and fall of a tilapiabased fishery. Since then a gill-net fishery catching large numbers of large, periphyton-grazing tilapias has given way to a mainly beach-seine fishery producing large numbers of small, phytoplankton-feeding Oreochromis esculentus (Graham). Yields remain higher than preimpoundment predictions but the size at maturity of all tilapia species has fallen and few larger than 15 cm TL are caught. These changes, and others in the fish community trophic structure, are chiefly explained by changes in the littoral environment and fishing pressures. Nyumba ya Mungu provides a case history of developments in the tilapia fishery of a man-made river lake conducted on an essentially laissez-faire basis.  相似文献   
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Variations in larval walleye pollock feeding and condition: a synthesis   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
There was a strong association among concentrations of microzooplankton prey sampled from the walleye pollock, Theragra chalcogramma , larval habitat, gut contents of larvae, and their nutritional condition. Subsequently, hypothesized survival potentials linked to food availability were validated by independently determined mortality rates. We present evidence that a significant number of walleye pollock larvae were starving in 1991 but that fewer were starving in 1992. At some stations where prey levels were anomalously low in 1991, up to 40% of the larvae were in poor condition. There appears to be a 2-week period after first feeding when walleye pollock are vulnerable to starvation.  相似文献   
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