Bovine Neonatal Pancytopenia is a heritable trait of the dam rather than the calf and correlates with the magnitude of vaccine induced maternal alloantibodies not the MHC haplotype     

Lindert Benedictus  Henny G Otten  Gerdien van Schaik  Walter GJ van Ginkel  Henri CM Heuven  Mirjam Nielen  Victor PMG Rutten  Ad P Koets 《Veterinary research》2014,45(1)

Bovine Neonatal Pancytopenia (BNP), a bleeding syndrome of neonatal calves, is caused by alloantibodies absorbed from the colostrum of particular cows. A commercial BVD vaccine is the likely source of alloantigens eliciting BNP associated alloantibodies. We hypothesized that the rare occurrence of BNP in calves born to vaccinated dams could be associated with genetic differences within dams and calves. We found that the development of BNP within calves was a heritable trait for dams, not for calves and had a high heritability of 19%. To elucidate which genes play a role in the development of BNP we sequenced candidate genes and characterized BNP alloantibodies. Alloantigens present in the vaccine have to be presented to the dam’s immune system via MHC class II, however sequencing of DRB3 showed no differences in MHC class II haplotype between BNP and non-BNP dams. MHC class I, a highly polymorphic alloantigen, is an important target of BNP alloantibodies. Using a novel sequence based MHC class I typing method, we found no association of BNP with MHC class I haplotype distribution in dams or calves. Alloantibodies were detected in both vaccinated BNP and non-BNP dams and we found no differences in alloantibody characteristics between these groups, but alloantibody levels were significantly higher in BNP dams. We concluded that the development of BNP in calves is a heritable trait of the dam rather than the calf and genetic differences between BNP and non-BNP dams are likely due to genes controlling the quantitative alloantibody response following vaccination.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13567-014-0129-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.  相似文献   

Breed is associated with the ABCB1-1Δ mutation in Australian dogs     

RW Soussa  A Woodward  M Marty  CM Cannon 《Australian veterinary journal》2020,98(3):79-83

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The effects of pre-anesthetic administration of xylazine on the cardiovascular responses to dobutamine in halothane anaesthetized horses     

RM McMurphy  CM Egger  JD Lillich 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2003,30(2):95-96

Studies evaluating the effects of dobutamine in horses do not consistently report increases in cardiac output despite increases in arterial blood pressure. The concurrent administration of the α₂ agonist clonidine, in people, inhibited the chronotropic effects of dobutamine and increased left ventricular stroke work ( Zimpfer et al. 1982 ). Our study was performed to determine if pre‐medication with an α₂ agonist affects the response to dobutamine in anaesthetized horses. Eleven horses were anaesthetized on four separate occasions for one of four randomly assigned treatments; (I) no xylazine, no dobutamine (II) xylazine, no dobutamine (III) no xylazine, dobutamine, and (IV) xylazine, dobutamine. Horses received 0.02 mg kg^?1 of butorphanol IV 10 minutes prior to anesthetic induction. Two minutes prior to induction, groups II and IV received 0.5 mg kg^?1 of IV xylazine. Anaesthesia was induced with 6–7 mg kg^?1 of thiopental and maintained with halothane. End‐tidal halothane concentrations were maintained between 1.1 and 1.2% in groups I and III, and 0.9–1.0% for groups II and IV. Heart rate, cardiac output, right atrial pressure, and systolic (SAP), diastolic (DAP) and mean (MAP) arterial pressure were recorded 30 minutes after beginning halothane anaesthesia (T10). Cardiac output was estimated using Lithium dilution ( Linton et al. 2000 ). Baseline measurements were repeated twice, at 5‐minute intervals (T5 and T0). At time 0 (T0), an IV infusion of either saline (100 mL hour^?1) or dobutamine (0.001 mg kg^?1 minute^?1) was started and data recorded at 5‐minute intervals for 30 minutes (T5 – T30). Stroke volume and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) were calculated. Data were analysed using repeated measures anova (p < 0.01 significant) and Newman–Keuls for multiple comparisons. Cardiac output and stroke volume increased over time in groups III and IV. Cardiac index was higher in groups III and IV than in groups I and II from T10 until completion of the study. Estimates of cardiac index at T30 for groups I–IV were 45 ± 9, 46 ± 11, 71 ± 11, and 78 ± 19 mL kg^?1 minute^?1, respectively (mean ± SD). Stroke index was higher in groups III and IV than in groups I and II from T15 to T30. Values for stroke index at T30 for groups I–IV were 0.98 ± 0.19, 1.11 ± 0.18, 1.46 ± 0.21, 1.74 ± 0.33 mL kg^?1. Heart rate decreased from T10–T30 in groups I and II. Heart rate was greater in groups I and III than in groups II and IV at T5 and T0. Values for heart rate at T0 for groups I–IV were 48 ± 5, 42 ± 5, 50 ± 4, 43 ± 4 beats minute^?1. Systolic arterial pressure, DAP and MAP were higher in groups III and IV than in groups I and II from T5 to T30. There were no differences in SVR between groups. Dobutamine at 0.001 mg kg^?1 minute^?1 increased cardiac output, blood pressure, and stroke volume. Premedication with xylazine at 0.5 mg kg^?1 did not appear to affect the response to dobutamine.  相似文献   

Effect of Mating Frequency on Sow Reproductive Performance under Field Conditions and Natural Mating in Large Outdoor Production Units     

CM Waller  & G Bilkei 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2002,37(2):116-118

The effect of mating frequency on fertility and litter size of sows, kept in outdoor production systems was investigated. Sows that were mated once or twice during a single oestrus were included in the study to compare the effect of number of matings on farrowing rate and litter size. Natural mating was used during the study period. Four groups of sows of parity two or more were either mated once 28–30 h after the onset of oestrus or were mated 28–30 h after the onset of oestrus and again 24 h later. The farrowing rate did not differ significantly between single‐ and double‐mated sows, although a noticeable but non‐significant depression in farrowing rate was evident between the groups of single‐mated and double‐mated animals. With the exception of total‐born litter size (p > 0.05), the total number born and number of live‐born piglets per litter were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in the group of sows that received only one mating compared with the double‐mated animals. The implication of these results is that the double mating by natural service of sows kept in an outdoor production systems may improve litter size.  相似文献   

Hydrocele formation after castration in 3 geldings     

CM COLBOURNE  AR ADKINS  JV YOVICH 《Australian veterinary journal》1996,73(4):156-157

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Cryptococcal meningitis in an alpaca   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

LM GOODCHILD  AJ DART  MB COLLINS  CM DART  JL HODGSON  DR HODGSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1996,74(6):428-430

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Muscle strain injuries of the hindlimb in eight horses: diagnostic imaging,management and outcomes     

EA Walmsley  CM Steel  JL Richardson  RC Whitton 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(8):313-321

Objective To describe the clinical presentation, ultrasound findings, management and outcome in horses with muscle tear injuries of the hindlimbs. Design Retrospective case series Procedure Medical records of eight horses were reviewed and information on signalment, history, presenting complaint, physical examination findings and further diagnostic tests were recorded. Diagnosis of muscle injury was determined by the presence of abnormal ultrasound findings, compared with the contralateral limb, and, when required, nuclear scintigraphy. Follow-up information was obtained via telephone interviews with owners, trainers and referring veterinarians. Results Muscle tears causing lameness were identified in the middle gluteal (3), semitendinosus (1), semimembranosus (2) and gracilis (2) muscles. Tears were classified by ultrasound imaging as partial (6) or complete (2). The degree of lameness did not appear to be indicative of the extent of injury or of completion of healing. Long-term follow-up was available for seven horses and the outcome was favourable in six cases. Conclusions and clinical relevance Ultrasonography is useful in the diagnosis and assessment of moderate to severe muscle strain injuries. The prognosis appears to be favourable in most cases, although recurrence of injury and lameness can delay the return to athletic activity and an inferior outcome with persistent gait abnormality may occur.  相似文献   

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in a 14-year-old gelding     

RA Morgan  F Malalana  CM McGowan 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(4):254-257

Abstract

CASE HISTORY: A 14-year-old Cleveland Bay cross gelding was presented with severe urinary incontinence that had been present for 1 year, and chronic polydipsia and polyuria over 4 years. Water intake had been recorded as 240 L over a 24-hour period.

CLINICAL FINDINGS: The horse had marked urinary incontinence and polyuria and polydipsia. The urine was markedly hyposthenuric, but no abnormalities on urinalysis were detected. There were no other abnormal clinical or neurological signs. Haematological and serum biochemical examinations showed no abnormalities and ultrasonographic and endoscopic examination of the urinary tract did not reveal any abnormalities. The horse underwent a modified water deprivation test and failed to concentrate its urine after 5 days. 1-desamino-8-d-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) was administered I/V but the urine remained isosthenuric with a specific gravity of 1.010.

DIAGNOSIS: Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. A definitive cause of the urinary incontinence was not found but overflow incontinence was considered a possibility.

CLINICAL RELEVENCE: Despite being a rare condition in the horse diabetes insipidus should be considered in cases of severe polydipsia and polyuria in mature horses.  相似文献   

Primary ocular melioidosis due to a single genotype of Burkholderia pseudomallei in two cats from Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory of Australia     

Helen M. Parkes  Catherine M. Shilton  Ian V. Jerrett  Suresh Benedict  Brian G. Spratt  Daniel Godoy  Carolyn R. O'Brien  Mark B. Krockenberger  Mark. Mayo  Bart J. Currie  Richard Malik 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2009,11(10):856-863

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End‐to‐side anastomosis of the left ventral colon to the small colon in a neonatal foal with segmental agenesis of the large colon          下载免费PDF全文

S Biasutti  AJ Dart  CM Dart  E Uquillas  LB Jeffcott 《Australian veterinary journal》2017,95(6):217-219

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