Effect of Daily Food Supplementation with Essential Fatty Acids on Canine Semen Quality     

AA da Rocha  ICN da Cunha  BB Ederli  AP Albernaz  CR Quirino 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(S2):313-315

Polyunsaturated fatty acids are important membrane components that influence membrane integrity and fluidity. In the present study, the effect of oral supplementation for 60 days with essential fatty acids (omega 3, 6 and 9) and vitamin E on canine semen quality was evaluated. Sixteen dogs were selected for the experiment; eight were used as the control group and eight received the fatty acid supplemented diet for 60 days. Semen samples were taken every 15 days during the entire experimental period and were analyzed for volume (ml), motility (%), vigour (0–5), concentration (×10⁶/ml), morphology of spermatozoa (%), plasma membrane integrity (%; using the hyposmotic swelling test) and thermoresistance (motility and vigour after 4 h at 38°C). We concluded that, daily supplementation with omega 3, omega 6 and omega 9 fatty acids, together with vitamin E, for a period of 60 days, significantly increased the semen volume of the treated group after 15 days of supplementation; the vigour and concentration of spermatozoa were superior after the first month of supplementation, while the percentage of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa decreased and the cells were protected against thermal stress.  相似文献   

Yersiniosis then and now     

Wilks CR 《Australian veterinary journal》2005,83(9):556-557

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Crohn's and Johne's disease     

Wilks C 《Australian veterinary journal》2005,83(10):582

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Ethics and evidence-based medicine     

JR Gilkerson  CR Wilks 《Australian veterinary journal》2005,83(12):730-731

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A comparison of the polymerase chain reaction with standard laboratory methods for the detection of EHV-1 and EHV-4 in archival tissue samples   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

O'Keefe JS  Julian A  Moriarty K  Murray A  Wilks CR 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1994,42(3):93-96

A detection system incorporating the polymerase chain reaction was compared with the use of histopathology and virus isolation to determine the presence of equid herpesvirus type 1 or equid herpesvirus type 4 in equine tissues submitted to a diagnostic laboratory. When the polymerase chain reaction was performed, these tissues had been stored for up to 3 years. Thirty-eight tissues representing 14 cases had been stored embedded in paraffin wax. Analysis of these tissues using the PCR gave predictive values of 1.0 and 0.91 for a positive and negative result respectively, and sensitivity and specificity values of 75% and 100% respectively. Fifty-three tissues representing 28 cases had been stored immersed in 10% formalin. Analysis of these tissues gave predictive values of 0.44 and 0.42 for a positive and negative result respectively, and sensitivity and specificity values of 28% and 57% respectively. The poor results obtained with this group of tissues was attributed to contamination of the samples during wax embedding. Viral DNA could not be amplified from older tissues. These results indicate that under appropriate conditions the polymerase chain reaction is reliable when applied to tissues collected for routine diagnosis. However, it is less reliable when samples for analysis are handled collectively. Also, storage of tissues in wax blocks for 14 or more years inhibits later amplification of viral DNA from these tissues. The implications of these results to the application of the polymerase chain reaction to routine laboratory diagnosis are discussed.  相似文献   

Energy Metabolism and Leptin: Effects on Neuroendocrine Regulation of Reproduction in the Gilt and Sow     

CR Barb  GJ Hausman  CA Lents 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2008,43(S2):324-330

It is well established that reproductive function is metabolically gated. However, the mechanisms whereby energy stores and metabolic cues influence appetite, energy homeostasis and fertility are yet to be completely understood. Adipose tissue is no longer considered as only a depot to store excess energy. Recent findings have identified numerous genes, several neurotrophic factors, interleukins, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5, ciliary neurotrophic factor and neuropeptide Y (NPY) as being expressed by adipose tissue during pubertal development. These studies demonstrated for the first time the expression of several major adipokines or cytokines in pig adipose tissue which may influence local and central metabolism and growth. Leptin appears to be the primary metabolic signal and is part of the adipose tissue-hypothalamic regulatory loop in the control of appetite, energy homeostasis and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion. Leptin's actions on appetite regulation are mediated by inhibition of hypothalamic NPY and stimulation of proopiomelanocortin. Its effects on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)/LH secretion are mediated by NPY and kisspeptin. Thus, leptin appears to be an important link between metabolic status, the neuroendocrine axis and subsequent fertility in the gilt and sow.  相似文献   

Long Chain Fatty Acids of Diet as Factors Influencing Reproduction in Cattle   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

JEP Santos  TR Bilby  WW Thatcher  CR Staples  FT Silvestre 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2008,43(S2):23-30

Cattle are fed moderate amounts of long chain fatty acids (FA) with the objective to enhance lactation and growth; however, recent interest on lipid feeding to cows has focused on reproduction, immunity and health. Increasing the caloric density of the ration by fat feeding has generally improved measures of cow reproduction, but when milk yield and body weight losses were increased by fat supplementation, positive effects on reproduction were not always observed. Feeding fat has influenced reproduction by altering the size of the dominant follicle, hastening the interval to first postpartum ovulation in beef cows, increasing progesterone concentrations during the luteal phase of the oestrous cycle, modulating uterine prostaglandin (PG) synthesis, and improving oocyte and embryo quality and developmental competence. Some of these effects were altered by the type of FA fed. The polyunsaturated FA of the n-6 and n-3 families seem to have the most remarkable effects on reproductive responses of cattle, but it is not completely clear whether these effects are mediated only by them or by other potential intermediates produced during rumen biohydrogenation. Generally, feeding fat sources rich in n-6 FA during late gestation and early lactation enhanced follicle growth, uterine PG secretion, embryo quality and pregnancy in cows. Similarly, feeding n-3 FA during lactation suppressed uterine PG release, and improved embryo quality and maintenance of pregnancy. Future research ought to focus on methods to improve the delivery of specific FA and adequately powered studies should be designed to critically evaluate their effects on establishment and maintenance of pregnancy in cattle.  相似文献   

Focal eosinophilic proctitis with associated rectal prolapse in a pony     

KT GIBSON  AJ O''HARA  CR HUXTABLE 《Australian veterinary journal》2001,79(10):679-681

Focal intramural nodules were palpated in the rectal wall of a 12-year-old pony mare presented for rectal prolapse. Eosinophilic proctitis was diagnosed by examination of fine needle aspirates and biopsy of the largest rectal nodule. After treatment with a course of corticosteroids, the rectal nodule and accompanying peripheral eosinophilia resolved. There was no recurrence of the condition during the follow-up period of 20 months. Focal eosinophilic proctitis appeared to be an unusual cause of tenesmus and rectal prolapse in this case.  相似文献   

Protective immunity in equine herpesvirus type I infection of hamsters.     

C R Wilks  L Coggins 《The Cornell veterinarian》1977,67(3):385-403

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Development of an immunocytochemical procedure to detect adenoviral antigens in chicken tissues.     

M Saifuddin  C R Wilks  M J Birtles 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》1991,3(4):313-318

An immunocytochemical technique utilizing an avidin-biotin peroxidase complex was developed to detect viral antigens in various tissues following oral administration of a locally isolated serotype 8 avian adenovirus (AAV) in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. A strong color reaction was obtained with tissues from infected birds that contained a minimal amount of AAV antigens as determined by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. No reaction was detected in sections of tissues obtained from SPF chickens, and the reactivity with infected tissues could be removed by prior absorption of the primary antibody with purified AAV. A group-specific antigen common to the 12 serotypes of AAV was demonstrated by this technique. Because of the high sensitivity and broad-spectrum reactivity, this technique could be useful for studying the pathogenesis and laboratory diagnosis of inclusion body hepatitis caused by several serotypes of AAV.  相似文献