Macro‐geographical differences influenced by family‐based expression on cultured pearl grade,shape and colour in the black‐lip ‘pearl oyster’ Pinctada margaritifera: a preliminary bi‐local case study in French Polynesia          下载免费PDF全文

Chin‐Long Ky  Carole Blay  Vaite Aiho  Philippe Cabral  Gilles Le Moullac  Cédrik Lo 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(1):270-282

In French Polynesia, the aquaculture of Pinctada margaritifera is carried out in numerous grow‐out sites, located over three archipelagos (Gambier, Society and Tuamotu). To evaluate the impact of macro‐geographical effects of these growing sites on pearl quality traits, five hatcheries produced families were used as homogeneous donor oysters in an experimental graft. The molluscs were then reared in two commercial locations: Tahaa Island (Society) and Rangiroa atoll (Tuamotu). At harvest, eight pearl quality traits were recorded and compared: surface defects, lustre, grade, circles, shape categories, darkness level, body and secondary colour and visual colour categories. Overall inter‐site comparison revealed that: (1) all traits were affected by grow‐out location except for lustre and round shape, and (2) a higher mean rate of valuable pearls was produced in Rangiroa. Indeed, for pearl grade, Rangiroa showed twice as many A‐B and less reject samples than Tahaa. This was related to the number of surface defects (grade component): in Rangiroa, twice as many pearls had no defects and less pearls had up to 10 defects. Concerning pearl shape, more circled and baroque pearls were found in Tahaa (+10%). For colour variation, 10% more pearls have an attractive green overtone in Rangiroa than in Tahaa, where more grey body colour were harvested. Lustre does not seem to be affected by these two culture site (except at a family scale). This is the first time P. margaritifera donor family have been shown to vary in the quality of pearls they produce depending on their grow‐out location.  相似文献   

Hugh McLeod Gordon     

AD Donald 《Australian veterinary journal》2002,80(9):573-573

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Hydatid disease in urban areas of Western Australia: an unusual cycle involving western grey kangaroos (Macropus fuliginosus), feral pigs and domestic dogs     

RCA THOMPSON  AJ LYMBERY  RP HOBBS  AD ELLIOT 《Australian veterinary journal》1988,65(6):188-190

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Influence of dietary protein supply on resistance to experimental infections with Haemonchus contortus in Ile de France and Santa Ines lambs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Bricarello PA  Amarante AF  Rocha RA  Cabral Filho SL  Huntley JF  Houdijk JG  Abdalla AL  Gennari SM 《Veterinary parasitology》2005,134(1-2):99-109

The effect of Haemonchus contortus infection in sheep fed with a moderate and high protein content diet was evaluated in two breeds of sheep. Forty-eight Ile de France and Santa Ines lambs were maintained indoors since birth, in worm-free conditions. The lambs were allocated after weaning in four groups of six animals per breed, which were either infected or remain uninfected and given access to either a moderately or highly metabolizable protein diet. The moderately and highly metabolizable protein diets were calculated to supply 75 and 129 g metabolizable protein per kg of dry matter (MP/kg DM), respectively. The infection consisted of a trickle infection with 300 infective larvae, three times a week, for 12 weeks. Significant differences were observed for mast cell, globule leukocyte and eosinophil counts in the abomasal mucosa of the infected groups compared to the control of both breeds (P<0.05), regardless of the diet supplied. Significantly higher IgA anti-L5 antibody was detected in the infected Santa Ines groups than in the infected Ile de France groups (P<0.05). Increased metabolizable protein supply resulted in larger body weight gain and higher packed cell volumes for both breeds (P<0.05). Both breeds showed an increased ability to withstand the pathophysiological effects of H. contortus infection when given access to the highly metabolizable protein diet. However, increased metabolizable protein supply resulted in reduced worm burdens in Santa Ines lambs but not in the Ile de France lambs (P<0.05). The present results show that the increase in protein content in growing lamb diets may benefit resistance and resilience to gastrointestinal parasites but that these benefits may vary among breeds.  相似文献   

Principles of an infectious disease control program for preventing nosocomial gastrointestinal and respiratory tract diseases in large animal veterinary hospitals     

Smith BP  House JK  Magdesian KG  Jang SS  Cabral RL  Madigan JE  Herthel WE 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2004,225(8):1186-1195

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Evaluation of the sexual dimorphism in Mangalarga Marchador horses using discriminant analysis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Luís Fernando Batista Pinto  Fernando Queiroz de Almeida  Clia Raquel Quirino  Pedro Cezar Nehme de Azevedo  Grasiele Coelho Cabral  Edson Mauro Santos  Anderson Corassa 《Livestock Science》2008,119(1-3):161-166

This study used discriminant analysis to evaluate body measures and sexual dimorphism in Mangalarga Marchador horses. Discriminant analysis is a multivariate method that generates functions to classify animals using a prior criterion. In this study a prior criterion is male or female. The study analyzed 25 linear and 11 angular measures obtained from 25 stallions and 56 mares registered with the Mangalarga Marchador Brazilian Breeders Association. Knee girth, cannon girth, chest width, chest girth, back-loin length, hip width, distance from elbow to knee, hind limb hoof length, head width, shoulder length, and body length were found to be linear measures that provided evidence of sexual dimorphism. Angular measures with evidence of sexual dimorphism were shoulder–humerus, metacarpal–phalanx, coxae–femur, and femur–tibial angles. Stallions were larger than mares for almost all linear measures, except for back-loin length, hip width, and distance from elbow to knee. Shoulder–humerus and coxal–femur angles were larger in mares, while metacarpal–phalanx and femur–tibial angles were larger in stallions. Using linear measures, two mares were classified as stallions and three stallions were classified as mares. For angular measures, two other mares were classified as stallions and three other stallions were classified as mares. The discriminant functions can be useful for the selection of horses and to avoid registration of animals not meeting the phenotypic standards of the breed association.  相似文献   

Efficiency of nitrogen metabolism in beef cattle grazing pasture and supplemented with different protein levels in the rainy season     

Renata Pereira da Silva-Marques  Joanis Tilemahos Zervoudakis  Luciana Keiko Hatamoto-Zervoudakis  Pedro Ivo José Lopes da Rosa e Silva  Núbia Bezerra do Nascimento Matos  Andresa Lazzarotto Feliciano  Rones Goulart de Paula Júnior  Luciano da Silva Cabral 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(4):715-720

Supplementation of animals in the rainy season is essential to maximise weight gain. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the effects of supplementation with low-, medium- and high-protein levels on nutritional parameters of grazing beef cattle in the rainy season. Eight rumen-cannulated Nellore bulls (437 kg body weight) were used in a 4?×?4 double Latin square design with four supplements and four experimental periods. The treatments were mineral supplement (ad libitum) and supplements with low-protein (LPSU), medium-protein (MPS) and high-protein (HPS) levels, providing 106, 408 and 601 g/day of crude protein (CP), respectively. There was no difference (P?>?0.05) between treatments for dry matter and forage intake, ruminal pH, ruminal ammonia nitrogen (RAN) at time 0 (before supplementation) and microbial protein yield. Animals on MPS had a higher (P?>?0.05) intake and digestibility of CP, higher RAN levels (3 and 6 h after supplementation), increased nitrogen intake and a better nitrogen balance than animals on LPSU. The HPS provided higher (P?>?0.05) RAN at time 6 and a better nitrogen balance when compared with MPS. We therefore infer that the high-protein supplement positively impacts nitrogen metabolism and efficiency in grazing beef cattle during the rainy season.  相似文献   

In this issue – January/February 2016          下载免费PDF全文

Liliane Cabral 《Australian veterinary journal》2016,94(1-2):1-2

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Effects of different lipid sources on intake,digestibility and purine derivatives in hair lambs          下载免费PDF全文

E. S. Pereira  M. W. F. Pereira  P. C. L. Arruda  L. S. Cabral  R. L. Oliveira  I. Y. Mizubuti  A. P. Pinto  A. C. N. Campos  C. R. F. Gadelha  M. S. S. Carneiro 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(4):723-730

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different lipid sources on the nutrient intake, digestibility and purine derivative excretion of lambs. Thirty‐five 60‐day‐old, male, non‐castrated Santa Ines lambs with an initial average body weight (BW) of 13.00 ± 1.80 kg were used in a randomized complete block design with seven blocks and five treatments. The experimental treatments consisted of a control diet without supplemental lipids and four test diets with different lipid supplements, selected according to the degree of ruminal protection from hydrogenation: supplementation, being supplementation with whole cottonseed (WC), supplementation with cashew nut meal (CNM), supplementation with both cottonseed and cashew nut meal (WC‐CNM) and supplementation with calcium salts of long‐chain fatty acids (Ca‐LCFA). The lambs were slaughtered after reaching 28 kg average BW for each treatment. The ether extract intake (EEI) was higher (p < 0.01) for the lipid supplemented compared to control diet lambs. Supplementation with WC decreased the digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and total carbohydrate (TC) (p < 0.01), whereas supplementation with CNM, WC‐CNM and Ca‐LCFA reduced non‐fibrous carbohydrate (NFC) digestibility (p < 0.01). The ether extract (EE) digestibility coefficient was higher with CNM, followed by Ca‐LCFA and WC, when compared to WC‐CNM and control diets. Nitrogen balance (NB) was not influenced (p > 0.05) by the different lipid sources. A lower purine derivative (PD) excretion and thus lower microbial protein supply (MPS) was observed for animals supplemented with Ca‐LCFA (p < 0.01) compared to the WC‐CNM and control diets. In conclusion, WC, CNM and WC‐CNM supplementation did not have negative effects on MPS, although negative effects have been observed on nutrient digestibility.  相似文献   

Leaf gas exchange, chloroplastic pigments and dry matter accumulation in castor bean (Ricinus communis L) seedlings subjected to salt stress conditions     

Hugo Alves Pinheiro  Jos Vieira Silva  Laurício Endres  Vilma Marques Ferreira  Celene de Albuquerque Cmara  Fbio Flix Cabral  Jaqueline Figueredo Oliveira  Lúcio Wagner Torres de Carvalho  Joo Messias dos Santos  Benedito Gomes dos Santos Filho 《Industrial Crops and Products》2008,27(3):385-392

Brazilian castor bean (Ricinus communis L) crops have expanded towards semiarid lands, in which soil salinity is an important factor limiting plant development. In order to evaluate the effects of salt stress on leaf gas exchange, pigments, and dry matter accumulation of seedlings, seeds of castor bean var. BRS Nordestina were planted in 15-L pots filled with 13 kg of soil (control) or with soil plus 2 g NaCl kg⁻¹ soil corresponding to 30 mM NaCl (salt treatment). Seedlings were grown under greenhouse conditions and the effects of salinity were assessed by measuring physiological parameters at 38 and 59 days after germination. Salt treatment induced decreases in leaf water potential at pre-dawn (ψ_pd, 42%), stomatal conductance to water vapor (g_s, 36%), and net carbon assimilation rate (A, 24%) only at 38 days after germination. At the same time, the values for transpiration rate were unchanged and the hydraulic conductance was increased (34%). After 59 days under hypersalinity, leaf ψ_pd increased to −0.44 MPa, although g_s, A, transpiration rate, and hydraulic conductance were not different between treatments. Salt stress effects on chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a + b contents were evident only on experimental day 59. The dry matter accumulation of leaves, roots and stems, as well as the total dry matter, and the root to above ground ratio increased with plant growth in both treatments, however, these parameters were lowered in salt-stressed seedlings. In short, all physiological variables were more drastically affected after 38 days under high salinity, and despite acclimatization of A after 59 days exposure to salt, no recovery of the dry matter accumulation was observed in the seedlings, suggesting that this species does not tolerate salt stress at its initial growth stages.  相似文献