Evaluation of Composted Green Waste In Ornamental Container-Grown Plants: Effects on Growth and Plant Water Relations     

Sergio Mugnai  Tommaso Pasquini  Elisa Azzarello  Camilla Pandolfi  Stefano Mancuso 《Compost science & utilization》2013,21(4):283-287

Ornamental nurseries extensively utilize peat in commercial soilless potting media, but its use as an organic amendment with a superior water holding capacity is challenged by economic and environmental pressures so potential alternatives to peat need to be investigated. In our experiment, commercially available peat-based soilless mixes were amended with increasing composted green waste (CGW) percentages. Results on Photinia X fraseri and Viburnum tinus suggest that CGW could partially substitute peat in containerized nursery production, with a different effectiveness related to species behavior. Viburnum seemed to be less affected by CGW addition (only CGW-based media, T₁₀₀, showed a significant difference compared to peat-based media, used as control), which on the contrary hardly affected Photinia growth in terms of biomass production and quality. On the other hand, a higher CGW content (75% or 100%) also improved plant susceptibility to water shortage. Concluding, peat-based media partially amended with CGW may have positive agronomic and economic consequences for commercial ornamental nursery production.  相似文献   

Identifying historical baseline at the onset of exploitation to improve understanding of fishing impacts     

Camilla Novaglio  Anthony D.M. Smith  Stewart Frusher  Francesco Ferretti 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2020,30(3):475-485

1. Marine communities have long been impacted by human activities, but the quantification of human‐driven changes often relies on recent data. This is because historical data on fish populations are lacking and are challenging to include in contemporary stock and ecological assessments. As a result, the impacts of early fishing pressure on marine communities are generally poorly documented worldwide.
2. Marine communities of Southeast Australia have a relatively short history of exploitation compared with other temperate systems and were sampled before and after the onset of commercial fishing. As such, they provide a rare opportunity to identify historical baselines and to understand ecological changes after the onset of commercial exploitation.
3. This study compares survey data collected around Tasmania, Southeast Australia, in 1909–1910 with data from the 1980s. The period considered precedes the establishment of a trawl fishery in Southeast Australia in 1915, of other important commercial fisheries in Tasmania, and of a fisheries data collection programme in 1984. Nominal catch rates are used to examine changes across all families of demersal fish recorded in catches and generalized linear models are used to estimate and compare standardized indices of abundance between the 1909–1910 and 1980s data for key commercial families.
4. Results show significant, and thus far unreported, fishing‐induced changes in marine communities after the establishment of commercial fishing in the region. Changes mostly relate to shifts in catch composition and steep declines in the abundance of the main commercial families.
5. This study illustrates a method for analysing low‐quality historical catch data and provides estimates of pre‐commercial fishing abundance that can be included in stock and ecological assessments. More broadly, this study demonstrates the significant role of early fishing in shaping marine communities and increases our understanding about general patterns of exploitation that have been difficult to identify with longer but less detailed fishing histories.

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Diffusion dynamics of glycine receptors revealed by single-quantum dot tracking   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Dahan M  Lévi S  Luccardini C  Rostaing P  Riveau B  Triller A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,302(5644):442-445

Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are nanometer-sized fluorescent probes suitable for advanced biological imaging. We used QDs to track individual glycine receptors (GlyRs) and analyze their lateral dynamics in the neuronal membrane of living cells for periods ranging from milliseconds to minutes. We characterized multiple diffusion domains in relation to the synaptic, perisynaptic, or extrasynaptic GlyR localization. The entry of GlyRs into the synapse by diffusion was observed and further confirmed by electron microscopy imaging of QD-tagged receptors.  相似文献   

Pathological pigmentation in cardiac tissues of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) with cardiomyopathy syndrome     

Hilde AS Fagerland  Lars Austb?  Camilla Fritsvold  Marta Alarcon  Espen Rimstad  Knut Falk  Torunn Taksdal  Erling O Koppang 《Veterinary research》2013,44(1):107

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Cataracts in the Norwegian Buhund—current prevalence and characteristics          下载免费PDF全文

Tobias Revold  Frode Lingaas  Kristina Narfström  Pia Bjerre Pedersen  Camilla Kielland  Stein Dahl  Ernst‐Otto Ropstad 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2017,20(5):460-467

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A long-term study of Neospora caninum infection in a Swedish dairy herd     

Stenlund S  Kindahl H  Uggla A  Björkman C 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2003,44(1-2):63-71

A longitudinal study was performed in a Swedish dairy herd where Neospora caninum had been isolated from a stillborn calf. Starting in autumn 1994, blood samples from all female animals in the herd were collected once yearly until 1999. The sera were analysed for presence of IgG1 antibodies to N. caninum by the iscom ELISA, and by an avidity ELISA to establish the timing of infection. In addition, data on reproductive performance were compiled. During the study the percentage of seropositive female animals increased from 63% to 87%. In 1994 a large number of young animals tested seropositive although their dams were seronegative, indicating that a transmission of the parasite other than the vertical had recently occurred. Low avidity values supported this assumption. The annual abortion rate increased from a mean of 2% before the initiation of the study to 9% in 1994-1998. During the same time, as judged by the avidity data, a large proportion of the animals shifted from being recently to being chronically infected. The source of the external infection in the herd could not be identified.  相似文献   

Detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in bovine fecal samples: comparison of three polymerase chain reaction-based diagnostic tests with a conventional culture method.     

Simone Taddei  Chiara Robbi  Camilla Cesena  Ilenia Rossi  Emiliana Schiano  Norma Arrigoni  Gaddo Vicenzoni  Sandro Cavirani 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2004,16(6):503-508

Three commercially available assays, designed to specifically detect the presence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in fecal samples by IS900-PCR, were compared with a conventional culture method. Fecal samples from 100 dairy cows were tested. Fifty-four (67.5%) of 80 culture-positive samples were positive for an assay that detects MAP DNA by dot spot hybridization of polymerase chain reaction products (kit A), 48 (60%) were positive by an assay using ethidium bromide staining for agar gel visualization of amplification products (kit B), and 49 (61.3%) were positive by an assay in which amplified products are detected by a colorimetric detection system (kit C). Relative sensitivity of all tests increased in proportion to the presence of MAP in fecal samples. Specificity was 100% based on results from 20 culture-negative samples from an MAP-free herd.  相似文献   

The occurrence of Phellinus tremulae (Bond.) Bond. and Borisov as a primary parasite in Populus tremula L.     

Camilla Wikstrm 《Forest Pathology》1976,6(6):321-328

Phellinus tremulae was inoculated on Populus tremula. It spread in the sapwood and inner wood of a living tree without other organisms being present. Plating experiments with wood meal from different parts of a sound tree showed that there were very few, if any, propagules of micro organisms in the sound wood, neither were there any organisms found in front of the decay of P. tremulae at the top of the decay column. These results support the theory that P. tremulae is a primary parasite in aspen. Decay fungi grown on fresh and autoclaved wood of aspen had very different growth rates. Most of the fungi tested grew best on autoclaved sapvvood. The difference in growth rate on fresh and autoclaved heartwood was lcss significant, suggesting that there is a barrier in the living wood which is destroyed by autoclaving. P. tremulae was thc only fungus that grew best on fresh inner wood.  相似文献   

Satellite estimate of grass biomass in a mountainous range in central Italy   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Gabriele Schino  Flavio Borfecchia  Luigi De Cecco  Camilla Dibari  Massimo Iannetta  Sandro Martini  Franco Pedrotti 《Agroforestry Systems》2003,59(2):157-162

One of the main problems in managing ranges used for extensive pastoralism is the difficulty of obtaining reliable estimates of grass biomass over very large areas. Estimates of grass biomass are useful as an indicator of both available forage and risk of soil erosion. Nevertheless, large scale field measurements are expensive and time-consuming. The use of satellite images may provide a complementary means of estimating grass biomass over very large areas at a reasonable cost. The aim of this study was to test the use of Landsat satellite data for estimating grass biomass in a mountainous range in central Italy used primarily for sheep breeding. During each of four ground campaigns carried out over two years, grass was cut and its biomass measured in 60-90 test plots. Four Landsat images taken simultaneously to the ground campaigns were processed to obtain several vegetation indexes calculated for each ground test plot. The vegetation indexes showed significant correlations with measured grass biomass. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) provided the most accurate estimate of grass biomass. When data for each of the four ground campaigns were analyzed separately, correlations for early summer campaigns were higher than correlations for late summer campaigns, indicating that when the ratio of dry/green biomass increases, satellite estimate becomes less accurate. Overall, our results show that satellite data can provide a useful source of biomass information for the management of large ranges. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Effects of rocuronium bromide on globe position and respiratory function in isoflurane‐anesthetized dogs: a comparison between three different dosages          下载免费PDF全文

Angela Briganti  Giovanni Barsotti  Diego A. Portela  Camilla Di Nieri  Gloria Breghi 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2015,18(2):89-94

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