Estimation of suspended sediment concentration by acoustic scattering: an experimental and theoretical analysis for spherical particles     

Benevides Colella Xavier  Iranilson Oliveira Silva  Luiz Gallisa Guimarães  Marcos Nicolás Gallo  Carlos Parente Ribeiro  Alberto G. Figueiredo Jr 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2014,14(7):1325-1333

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Special issue: analysis and modelling of sediment transfer in Mediterranean river basins     

José Carlos de Araújo  Ramon J. Batalla  Axel Bronstert 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2014,14(12):1905-1908

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Trabectedin and Plitidepsin: Drugs from the Sea that Strike the Tumor Microenvironment     

Carlos M. Galmarini  Maurizio D’Incalci  Paola Allavena 《Marine drugs》2014,12(2):719-733

The prevailing paradigm states that cancer cells acquire multiple genetic mutations in oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes whose respective activation/up-regulation or loss of function serve to impart aberrant properties, such as hyperproliferation or inhibition of cell death. However, a tumor is now considered as an organ-like structure, a complex system composed of multiple cell types (e.g., tumor cells, inflammatory cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, etc.) all embedded in an inflammatory stroma. All these components influence each other in a complex and dynamic cross-talk, leading to tumor cell survival and progression. As the microenvironment has such a crucial role in tumor pathophysiology, it represents an attractive target for cancer therapy. In this review, we describe the mechanism of action of trabectedin and plitidepsin as an example of how these specific drugs of marine origin elicit their antitumor activity not only by targeting tumor cells but also the tumor microenvironment.  相似文献   

Potential Polyunsaturated Aldehydes in the Strait of Gibraltar under Two Tidal Regimes     

Soledad Morillo-García  Nerea Valcárcel-Pérez  Andrés Cózar  María J. Ortega  Diego Macías  Eduardo Ramírez-Romero  Carlos M. García  Fidel Echevarría  Ana Bartual 《Marine drugs》2014,12(3):1438-1459

Diatoms, a major component of the large-sized phytoplankton, are able to produce and release polyunsaturated aldehydes after cell disruption (potential PUAs or pPUA). These organisms are dominant in the large phytoplankton fraction (>10 µm) in the Strait of Gibraltar, the only connection between the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. In this area, the hydrodynamics exerts a strong control on the composition and physiological state of the phytoplankton. This environment offers a great opportunity to analyze and compare the little known distribution of larger sized PUA producers in nature and, moreover, to study how environmental variables could affect the ranges and potential distribution of these compounds. Our results showed that, at both tidal regimes studied (Spring and Neap tides), diatoms in the Strait of Gibraltar are able to produce three aldehydes: Heptadienal, Octadienal and Decadienal, with a significant dominance of Decadienal production. The PUA released by mechanical cell disruption of large-sized collected cells (pPUA) ranged from 0.01 to 12.3 pmol from cells in 1 L, and from 0.1 to 9.8 fmol cell⁻¹. Tidal regime affected the abundance, distribution and the level of physiological stress of diatoms in the Strait. During Spring tides, diatoms were more abundant, usually grouped nearer the coastal basin and showed less physiological stress than during Neap tides. Our results suggest a significant general increase in the pPUA productivity with increasing physiological stress for the cell also significantly associated to low nitrate availability.  相似文献   

Dolabelladienols A–C,New Diterpenes Isolated from Brazilian Brown Alga Dictyota pfaffii     

Alonso Pardo-Vargas  Ingrid de Barcelos Oliveira  Paulo Roberto Soares Stephens  Claudio Cesar Cirne-Santos  Izabel Christina Nunes de Palmer Paix?o  Freddy Alejandro Ramos  Carlos Jiménez  Jaime Rodríguez  Jackson Antonio Lamounier Camargos Resende  Valeria Laneuville Teixeira  Leonardo Castellanos 《Marine drugs》2014,12(7):4247-4259

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Interaction of granular maize starch with lysophosphatidylcholine evaluated by calorimetry, mechanical and microscopy analysis     

Jorge F. Toro-Vazquez  Carlos A. Gmez-Aldapa  Antonio Aragon-Pia  Edmundo Brito-de la Fuente  Elena Dibildox-Alvarado  Miriam Char-Alonso 《Journal of Cereal Science》2003,38(3):269-279

In this study we evaluated the thermo-mechanical properties of maize starch pastes (80% wt/wt) under the effect of exogenous lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical spectrometry (DMS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Particular attention was paid to the development of the amylose-LPC inclusion complex. Results from SEM and DSC showed that with no exogenous LPC, granular maize starch developed the amylose network structure for starch gelling at 80–95 °C. In comparison, at 1.86 and 3.35% of LPC, heating up to 130 °C was needed to develop the three-dimensional network required for starch gelling. Results showed that at these LPC concentrations LPC interacted mainly with amylose within the starch granule. At concentrations ≥8.26% the LPC interacted with amylose both inside the granule and on the granule's surface. At such LPC concentrations heating to 130 °C did not fully develop the starch network structure for gelling. These results suggested that a higher thermal stability was achieved by starch granules because of LPC inclusion complex formation. DSC or DMS did not detect the development of this complex, probably because its formation took place below the onset of gelatinization under conditions of limited molecular mobility. Subsequently, a lower level of organization (i.e. complex in form I) was achieved than in the complex developed at high temperature and water excess (i.e. complex in form II). On the other hand, the changes in the starch granule structure observed by SEM as a function of the time–temperature variable were well described by the phase shift angle (δ) rheograms for starch pastes with and without addition of LPC.  相似文献   

Tocopherol Accumulation and Temporal Expression Analysis of VTE1 and VTE5 Gene Family in Fruit of Two Contrasting Avocado Genotypes     

Valdez-Agramón  Rosalva C.  Valdez-Morales  Maribel  López-Meyer  Melina  Sandoval-Castro  Eduardo  Calderón-Vázquez  Carlos L. 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2022,77(2):265-270

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - α-tocopherol is found in high concentrations in avocado fruit mesocarp, however, its accumulation and genetic control during maturation and ripening has not...  相似文献   

Highly infested soils undermine the use of resistant olive rootstocks as a control method of verticillium wilt     

Pedro Valverde  Carlos Trapero  Octavio Arquero  Nicolás Serrano  Diego Barranco  Concepción Muñoz Díez  Francisco J. López-Escudero 《Plant pathology》2021,70(1):144-153

Verticillium wilt of olive (VWO) is probably the most devastating fungal disease for olive trees worldwide, and currently the main cultivars are susceptible or moderately susceptible to this disease. The evaluation of resistant cultivars as rootstocks to control the disease has scarcely been explored, and mainly in short-term studies under controlled conditions, which usually do not correspond with field evaluations. The main objective of this study was to assess the responses to VWO of different scion × rootstock combinations of the olive cultivars Picual, Arbequina, Changlot Real, and Frantoio in a long-term field experiment with a soil highly infested with the defoliating pathotype of Verticillium dahliae. The results showed that grafting the susceptible cultivar Picual onto resistant rootstocks delayed the onset of the disease symptoms; however, after 4 years, it was observed that all combinations that contain Picual (a) were extensively colonized by V. dahliae; (b) developed severe symptoms of the disease; and (c) had plant mortality similar to Picual growing on its own roots. This result highlights the importance of long-term field experiments to evaluate VWO and shows that grafting susceptible olive cultivars onto resistant ones does not provide a durable control of VWO under high inoculum potential, as V. dahliae is able to progress through the resistant rootstock and then extensively colonize and kill the susceptible scion. However, the high inoculum potential observed in this study does not allow us to consider the evaluated resistant cultivars as completely ineffective under lower inoculum densities.  相似文献   

Transcriptome differential co‐expression reveals distinct molecular response of fall‐armyworm strains to DIMBOA     

Karina Lucas Silva‐Brando  Natlia Faraj Murad  Aline Peruchi  Carlos Henrique Zanini Martins  Celso Omoto  Antonio Figueira  Marcelo Mendes Brando  Jos Roberto Trigo 《Pest management science》2021,77(1):518-526

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The coppice-with-standards silvicultural system as applied to Eucalyptus plantations — a review     

Antonio Carlos Ferraz Filho  José Roberto Soares Scolforo  Blas Mola-Yudego 《林业研究》2014,25(2):237-248

We review the management of Eucalyptus species under a coppice-with-standards （CWS） silvicultural system. CWS management results in product diversification, permitting production of small and large scale timber from the same stand. Eucalyptus species are suitable candidates for CWS management because： there are large worldwide plantation areas, sprouting capacity is high, and eucalypts are multipur- pose species. We discuss （1） short rotation Eucalyptus coppice manage- ment for energy and pulping and （2） Eucalyptus seedling management for solid wood products. We review the literature and discuss experi- ences with Eucalyptus managed under the CWS system. We also assess projects dealing with Eucalyptus coppice management, stand density regulation, pruning, and stand and wood quality. The growth environ- ment of the standard trees （heavy competition up to the first harvest, free growth afterwards） coupled with long rotations （〉20 years） results in high quality logs for solid wood products. Early pruning should be ap- plied to enhance wood quality. We propose a system for the silvicultural management of Eucalyptus under the CWS system, elaborating on the consequences of initial planting density, site productivity, and standard tree densities as well as timing of basic silvicultural applications.  相似文献