Incidence of lymphoma in a captive-bred colony of hamadryas baboons (Papio hamadryas)   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

LE Graves  A Hennessy  NS Sunderland  SJ Heffernan  SE Thomson 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(6):238-243

Objective   To assess the incidence of lymphoma and wasting-related deaths in the National Baboon Colony of Australia and relate it to the presence of simian T-cell lymphotrophic virus 1 (STLV-1) infection.
Design and procedure   The records of all animals that had died since establishment of the National Baboon Colony in Australia were reviewed retrospectively. The clinical signs and histopathological findings were recorded and assessed to determine the involvement of lymphoma in the deaths. The presence of STLV-1 was recorded if known and correlated with the STLV-1 status of the colony.
Results   Of the deaths from disease or illness, 53% were diagnosed as or suspected to be lymphoma, occurring in mature animals with no sex predisposition. The most common presentation was rapidly occurring generalised lymphadenomegaly.
Conclusions   This study has described a relatively high prevalence of lymphoma in a colony of captive-bred baboons, and it is evident that STLV-1 may play a role in the disease. Management practices in baboon colonies need to take into account the possible presence of STLV-1 and aim to reduce the transmission of the virus by preventing sexual contact between positive and negative animals. Lymphoma needs to be considered as one of the more common causes of wasting and death.  相似文献   

Effects of dietary selenium supply and timing of nutrient restriction during gestation on maternal growth and body composition of pregnant adolescent ewes     

Carlson DB  Reed JJ  Borowicz PP  Taylor JB  Reynolds LP  Neville TL  Redmer DA  Vonnahme KA  Caton JS 《Journal of animal science》2009,87(2):669-680

The objectives were to examine effects of dietary Se supplementation and nutrient restriction during defined periods of gestation on maternal adaptations to pregnancy in primigravid sheep. Sixty-four pregnant Western Whiteface ewe lambs were assigned to treatments in a 2 x 4 factorial design. Treatments were dietary Se [adequate Se (ASe; 3.05 microg/kg of BW) vs. high Se (HSe; 70.4 microg/kg of BW)] fed as Se-enriched yeast, and plane of nutrition [control (C; 100% of NRC requirements) vs. restricted (R; 60% of NRC requirements]. Selenium treatments were fed throughout gestation. Plane of nutrition treatments were applied during mid (d 50 to 90) and late gestation (d 90 to 130), which resulted in 4 distinct plane of nutrition treatments [treatment: CC (control from d 50 to 130), RC (restricted from d 50 to 90, and control d 90 to 130), CR (control from d 50 to 90, and restricted from d 90 to 130), and RR (restricted from d 50 to 130)]. All of the pregnant ewes were necropsied on d 132 +/- 0.9 of gestation (length of gestation approximately 145 d). Nutrient restriction treatments decreased ewe ADG and G:F, as a result, RC and CR ewes had similar BW and maternal BW (MBW) at necropsy, whereas RR ewes were lighter than RC and CR ewes. From d 90 to 130, the HSe-CC ewes had greater ADG (Se x nutrition; P = 0.05) than did ASe-CC ewes, whereas ADG and G:F (Se x nutrition; P = 0.08) were less for HSe-RR ewes compared with ASe-RR ewes. The CR and RR treatments decreased total gravid uterus weight (P = 0.01) as well as fetal weight (P = 0.02) compared with RC and CC. High Se decreased total (g; P = 0.09) and relative heart mass (g/kg of MBW; P = 0.10), but increased total and relative mass of liver (P < or = 0.05) and perirenal fat (P < or = 0.06) compared with ASe. Total stomach complex mass was decreased (P < 0.01) by all the nutrient restriction treatments, but was reduced to a greater extent in CR and RR compared with RC. Total small intestine mass was similar between RC and CC ewes, but was markedly reduced (P < 0.01) in CR and RR ewes. The mass of the stomach complex and the small and large intestine relative to MBW was greater (P = 0.01) for RC than for CR ewes. Increased Se decreased jejunal DNA concentration (P = 0.07), total jejunal cell number (P = 0.03), and total proliferating jejunal cell number (P = 0.05) compared with ASe. These data indicate that increased dietary Se affected whole-body and organ growth of pregnant ewes, but the results differed depending on the plane of nutrition. In addition, the timing and duration of nutrient restriction relative to stage of pregnancy affected visceral organ mass in a markedly different fashion.  相似文献   

An all-island approach to mapping bovine tuberculosis in Ireland   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

McGrath G  Abernethy D  Stringer L  More S 《Irish veterinary journal》2009,62(3):192-197

This study used techniques in Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to explore the spatial patterns of bovine tuberculosis (TB) in the whole island of Ireland over an 11-year period. This is the first time that data pertaining to TB from the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland have been collated and examined in an all-Ireland context. The analyses were based on 198, 156 point locations representing active farms with cattle in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland between the years 1996 and 2006. The results consist of a series of maps giving a visual representation of cattle populations and associated detected bTB levels on the island of Ireland over this time interval.  相似文献   

Direct and indirect effects of Johne's disease on farm and animal productivity in an Irish dairy herd     

Richardson E  More S 《Irish veterinary journal》2009,62(8):526-532

Johne's disease (JD) is caused by infection with the organism Mycobacterium avium spp. paratuberculosis, leading to chronic diarrhoea and ill thrift in adult cattle. JD is considered to adversely affect farm performance and profitability. This retrospective case study was undertaken on a single commercial dairy herd in the south west of Ireland. Animal production records were interrogated to assess the effect of JD on milk yield (total kg per lactation), somatic cell count (the geometric mean over the lactation), reasons for culling, cull price and changes in herd parity structure over time. JD groups were defined using clinical signs and test results. One control animal was matched to each case animal on parity number and year. Specific lactations (clinical, pre-clinical and test-positive only) from 1994 to 2004 were compared between JD case and control cows. A significantly lower milk yield (1259.3 kg/lactation) was noted from cows with clinical JD in comparison to their matched control group. Clinical animals had an average cull price of €516 less than animals culled without signs of clinical disease. In contrast, little effect was noted for sub-clinical infections. These direct effects of JD infections, in combination with increased culling for infertility and increasing replacement rates, had a negative impact on farm production. Results from this study provide preliminary information regarding the effects of JD status on both herd and animal-level performance in Ireland.  相似文献   

A partial pelvis of Australopithecus sediba     

Kibii JM  Churchill SE  Schmid P  Carlson KJ  Reed ND  de Ruiter DJ  Berger LR 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6048):1407-1411

The fossil record of the hominin pelvis reflects important evolutionary changes in locomotion and parturition. The partial pelves of two individuals of Australopithecus sediba were reconstructed from previously reported finds and new material. These remains share some features with australopiths, such as large biacetabular diameter, small sacral and coxal joints, and long pubic rami. The specimens also share derived features with Homo, including more vertically oriented and sigmoid-shaped iliac blades, greater robusticity of the iliac body, sinusoidal anterior iliac borders, shortened ischia, and more superiorly oriented pubic rami. These derived features appear in a species with a small adult brain size, suggesting that the birthing of larger-brained babies was not driving the evolution of the pelvis at this time.  相似文献   

SILAS WEIR MITCHELL, 1829-1914     

Carlson AJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1938,87(2265):474-478

  相似文献   

Determination of ammonium,amides, and soluble carboxylates in plant tissues     

Helene M. Roberts  H. M. Reisenauer  R. M. Carlson 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(4):395-405

Methods for extraction and determination of ammonium, amides and soluble carboxylates in plant tissues are compared and discussed. The procedure recommended involves extraction of finely ground plant tissues with 0.2 M formic acid, determination of ammonium and amides in the extract by overnight alkaline hydrolysis and distillation in Conway microdiffusion dishes, measurement of extracted ammonium using Carlson's rapid diffusion‐conductivity instrument, and estimation of soluble organic acids by titration after separation and purification with ion exchange resins. The method described is reasonably rapid, and gives complete recovery and highly reproducible results. The final solution of organic acids is suitable for direct chromatographic analysis.  相似文献   

Potassium uptake by Marianna plum under limited oxygen and elevated carbon dioxide levels in the root atmosphere     

Abdul Jalil  R. M. Carlson 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(4):723-737

Potassium (K) uptake rates were determined for Marianna 2624 rootstocks with ‘French’ prune scions using the nutrient solution depletion technique. The nutrient solutions were bubbled with factorial combinations of nitrogen (N₂), oxygen (O₂), and carbon dioxide (CO₂) to create treatment root atmospheres with O₂ ranging from 0.01 to 0.10 m³/m³ and CO₂ ranging from 0 to 0.05 m³/m³. The K⁺ uptake rate was more susceptible to O₂ deprivation than to elevated CO₂ in the root atmosphere. Decreasing O₂ levels from 0.10 m³/m³ decreased K⁺ uptake in a hyperbolic fashion to no net uptake at 0.01 m³/m³ O₂. Increasing root atmosphere CO₂ from 0 to 0.05 m³/m³ had a small depressing effect on net K⁺ influx from 60 μM K⁺ solutions at 0.10 and 0.05 m³/m³ O₂, but no effect when O₂ was 0.025 or 0.01 m³/m³. Elevating CO₂ decreased Km for the net K⁺ influx rate at 0.10 and 0.05 m³/m³ O₂. Increased pH buffering from higher HCO₃ concentration at the plasma membrane surface was suggested to explain the CO₂ effect on Km.  相似文献   

Hybrid technique for ventricular septal defect closure in a dog using an Amplatzer® Duct Occluder II     

Ashley B. Saunders  Justin A. Carlson  David A. Nelson  Sonya G. Gordon  Matthew W. Miller 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2013,15(3):217-224

A left-to-right shunting muscular ventricular septal defect (VSD) was diagnosed in a 4-month-old, female, 1.8 kg Bichon Frise – poodle mix dog. Echocardiographic evidence of cardiac remodeling, calculated pulmonary blood flow (Qp) to systemic blood flow (Qs) ratio of 2.8, and radiographic evidence of pulmonary edema supported the diagnosis of a hemodynamically important VSD. Using a combination of surgery and interventional catheter-based techniques to approach the VSD through the right ventricle, the VSD was occluded with an Amplatzer^® Duct Occluder (ADO) II device. The ADO II is a low profile, flexible device originally developed for patent ductus arteriosus closure in humans that has been used to close muscular and perimembranous VSD in children. This report describes the hybrid procedure and imaging that was essential for successful occlusion of the VSD in this dog.  相似文献   

Delayed embolization of an Amplatz® canine duct occluder in a dog     

Justin A. Carlson  Sarah A. Achen  Ashley B. Saunders  Sonya G. Gordon  Matthew W. Miller 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2013,15(4):271-276

A 5-year old, 5.8 kg, castrated male Pomeranian was diagnosed with a type IIa patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with a minimal ductal diameter of 3.5 mm and ampulla width of 7.1 mm based on angiographic assessment. A 6 mm Amplatz^® Canine Duct Occluder (ACDO) was deployed within the PDA. Once deployed, the device assumed it's native shape and back-and-forth maneuvering was performed with the delivery cable to assess device stability. Device position and complete occlusion were confirmed with both angiography and transesophageal echocardiography prior to and after release of the device. The device location was confirmed within the ductus arteriosus by echocardiography prior to discharge. The dog was discharged with instructions for strict activity restriction. Two days after discharge, the dog was left unsupervised in the backyard and shortly afterwards was found coughing with severe respiratory distress. The dog was evaluated at an emergency hospital and thoracic radiographs documented embolization of the ACDO to the main pulmonary artery along with a severe alveolar pattern throughout the right lung fields. Shortly after obtaining thoracic radiographs, the dog experienced cardiopulmonary arrest with unsuccessful resuscitation. This case describes a possible complication of transcatheter PDA occlusion with an ACDO, which has not been previously reported. An incident report, or catalog of adverse events with these devices, may prove useful in identifying additional fatal complications that others may have encountered, but are not reported in the literature. The report of this complication emphasizes the importance of strict activity restriction after device placement in dogs.  相似文献