Predicting human brain activity associated with the meanings of nouns     

Mitchell TM  Shinkareva SV  Carlson A  Chang KM  Malave VL  Mason RA  Just MA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,320(5880):1191-1195

The question of how the human brain represents conceptual knowledge has been debated in many scientific fields. Brain imaging studies have shown that different spatial patterns of neural activation are associated with thinking about different semantic categories of pictures and words (for example, tools, buildings, and animals). We present a computational model that predicts the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) neural activation associated with words for which fMRI data are not yet available. This model is trained with a combination of data from a trillion-word text corpus and observed fMRI data associated with viewing several dozen concrete nouns. Once trained, the model predicts fMRI activation for thousands of other concrete nouns in the text corpus, with highly significant accuracies over the 60 nouns for which we currently have fMRI data.  相似文献   

Monensin and the prevention of tryptophan-induced acute bovine pulmonary edema and emphysema   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A C Hammond  J R Carlson  R G Breeze 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1978,201(4351):153-155

3-Methylindole, a ruminal fermentation product of tryptophan, induces acute pulmonary edema and emphysema in cattle, and 3-methylindole is present in the ruminal fluid and blood of cows with a natually occurring form of this disease. Monensin, a polyether antibiotic and widely used feed additive for beef cattle, prevented tryptophan-induced acute bovine pulmonary edema and emphysema. Monensin acted by reducing the ruminal conversion of L-tryptophan to 3-methylindole both in vitro and in vivo. Lasalocid, also a polyether antibiotic, showed similar effects in vitro. These results provide a promising approach to prevention of this major respiratory disease of cattle.  相似文献   

Incidence of laminitis and survey of dietary and management practices in pleasure horses and ponies in south‐eastern Australia          下载免费PDF全文

SJ Potter  NJ Bamford  PA Harris  SR Bailey 《Australian veterinary journal》2017,95(10):370-374

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Zinc is involved in regulation of secretion from intestinal epithelium in weaned piglets     

D. Carlson  J. Sehested  Z. Feng  H.D. Poulsen 《Livestock Science》2007,108(1-3):45-48

The objective was to study the effect of serosal zinc (Zn) on intestinal chloride (Cl⁻) secretion in vitro by the Ussing chamber technique. The secretagogues used to stimulate Cl⁻ secretion were serotonin (5-HT), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and forskolin (FSK). In addition correlations between organ and plasma Zn levels vs. the responses to 5-HT were studied. The results revealed an attenuating effect of serosal Zn on the secretory response to 5-HT, VIP and FSK. Furthermore, negative correlations between secretory responses to 5-HT vs. ADG and plasma Zn concentrations were found, whereas the responses to 5-HT did not correlate to the Zn concentration in liver or intestinal mucosa. It is suggested, that dietary Zn reduces diarrhoea directly through a regulatory role of serosal Zn on Cl⁻ secretion and indirectly by improving the nutritional status, which may stabilize the function of the intestinal epithelium.  相似文献