Overyielding in mixed pine forests with belowground complementarity: impacts on understory     

López-Marcos  Daphne  Turrión  María-Belén  Bravo  Felipe  Martínez-Ruiz  Carolina 《European Journal of Forest Research》2021,140(4):777-791

European Journal of Forest Research - The impact of biodiversity loss on the functioning of forest ecosystems has become a central issue in ecology. Most reports of the positive effects of tree...  相似文献   

Plant exposure to herbivore-induced plant volatiles: a sustainable approach through eliciting plant defenses     

Pérez-Hedo  Meritxell  Alonso-Valiente  Miquel  Vacas  Sandra  Gallego  Carolina  Pons  Clara  Arbona  Vicent  Rambla  José L.  Navarro-Llopis  Vicente  Granell  Antonio  Urbaneja  Alberto 《Journal of pest science》2021,94(4):1221-1235

Journal of Pest Science - Modern agricultural policies across the globe are committed to a significant reduction in chemical pesticide dependency; however, pest management strategies are still...  相似文献   

Domain dynamics during ferroelectric switching     

Nelson CT  Gao P  Jokisaari JR  Heikes C  Adamo C  Melville A  Baek SH  Folkman CM  Winchester B  Gu Y  Liu Y  Zhang K  Wang E  Li J  Chen LQ  Eom CB  Schlom DG  Pan X 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,334(6058):968-971

The utility of ferroelectric materials stems from the ability to nucleate and move polarized domains using an electric field. To understand the mechanisms of polarization switching, structural characterization at the nanoscale is required. We used aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy to follow the kinetics and dynamics of ferroelectric switching at millisecond temporal and subangstrom spatial resolution in an epitaxial bilayer of an antiferromagnetic ferroelectric (BiFeO(3)) on a ferromagnetic electrode (La(0.7)Sr(0.3)MnO(3)). We observed localized nucleation events at the electrode interface, domain wall pinning on point defects, and the formation of ferroelectric domains localized to the ferroelectric and ferromagnetic interface. These results show how defects and interfaces impede full ferroelectric switching of a thin film.  相似文献   

Use of a wireless system to measure invasive arterial blood pressure in ponies – preliminary study     

Carolina H Ricco DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVA    Jane E Quandt DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVA  Diplomate ACVECC    Roberto E Novo DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS    Maria Killos DVM  & Lynelle Graham DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVA 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2009,36(1):1-8

Objective  To evaluate the feasibility and functionality of intra-carotid wireless device implantation in ponies, and to investigate its short-term complications.
Study design  Prospective preliminary study.
Animals  Five mixed breed, adult, intact male ponies weighing 104 ± 28.8 kg (mean ± SD) underwent surgery. Arterial blood pressure data were continuously collected from four animals.
Methods  General anesthesia was induced on two consecutive days. On the first day, an intra-arterial wireless device was implanted in the right carotid artery. On the next day, a transcutaneous intra-arterial catheter was placed in the left facial artery. Data from both sources were collected. Post-mortem examination was performed.
Results  Surgical time was 27.1 ± 11.85 minutes. All catheters remained in place with some extra vascular migration. Complications included mild seroma and hematoma.
Conclusion  The wireless system allowed continuous monitoring in ponies throughout anesthesia and at rest and may allow for the recording of arterial blood pressure and heart rate when it would be difficult to achieve with a conventional system (e.g. during recovery from anesthesia).
Clinical relevance  The wireless invasive blood pressure monitor may allow continuous measurements when only intermittent measurements would be feasible with a wired system.  相似文献   

Identification of Polyphenols from Chilean Brown Seaweeds Extracts by LC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS     

Carla Olate-Gallegos  Andrés Barriga  Cristina Vergara  Carolina Fredes  Paula García  Begoña Giménez 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2019,28(4):375-391

Polyphenol profiles were characterized in extracts of three Chilean brown seaweeds, Durvillaea antarctica (Chamisso) Hariot, Lessonia spicata (Suhr) Santelices, and Macrocystis integrifolia (Bory) by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry detection (LC-MS/MS). Phlorotannins with different degrees of polymerization were identified in D. antarctica (trimers to octamers) and L. spicata (trimers to tetramers). No signals related to phlorotannins compounds were detected in M. integrifolia. L. spicata and M. integrifolia showed a great variety of flavonoid compounds in comparison with D. antarctica, mainly identified as glycoside forms in all the extracts. The antioxidant activity of brown seaweed extracts measured by ferric reducing power (FRAP) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) was significantly higher in D. antarctica, followed by M. integrifolia and L. spicata, in line with the total phenolic (TP) content. However, D. antarctica and M. integrifolia showed similar activity for free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) in spite of the differences found in TP content. D. antarctica as well as L. spicata would represent a potential source of phlorotannins, whereas M. integrifolia could be considered as an alternative source of flavonoids. The identification of polyphenols in extracts of Chilean brown seaweeds opens innovative opportunities for their use in the food and pharmaceutical industries.  相似文献   

Effect of environmental factors on the fatty acid profiles and physicochemical composition of oysters (Crassostrea gasar) in Amazon estuarine farming     

Osnan Lennon Lameira Silva  Antnia Rafaela Gonalves Macedo  Emília do Socorro Conceio de Lima Nunes  Keila Diniz Campos  Leiliane Cristina Cardoso Araújo  Xenna Tiburo  Anne Suellen Oliveira Pinto  Maria Regina Sarkis Peixoto Joele  Micheli da Silva Ferreira  Ana Carolina Ramos da Silva  Renata Santana Lorenzo Raices  Adriano Gomes da Cruz  Leandro Juen  Rossineide Martins da Rocha 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(6):2336-2348

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of environmental factors on the fatty acid profiles and physicochemical composition of Crassostrea gasar cultured in two locations with differences in salinity and precipitation gradients. The study period was divided into four seasonal divisions—the rainy–dry transition period, the dry season, dry–rainy transition and the rainy season. The salinity, pH and temperature were measured at each site during specimen collection. A total of 712 oyster samples were used for fatty acid profiling and physicochemical analysis. Salinity and precipitation were the environmental parameters that influenced the fatty acid profile and physicochemical characteristics of oysters. C. gasar exhibited excellent values of n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (DHA, EPA and eicosatrienoic), with a predominance of these acids during periods of higher precipitation. Variations in precipitation and salinity resulted in significant differences in oyster nutritional characteristics. Oysters grown in Amazonian estuaries can be considered nutritious throughout the year, with better conditions during the rainy season.  相似文献   

Antibiotic resistance in potentially bacteriocinogenic probiotic bacteria in aquaculture environments          下载免费PDF全文

Juliana A Resende  Marina L Borges  Kelly D Pacheco  Izabella H Ribeiro  Dioneia E Cesar  Vânia L Silva  Cláudio G Diniz  Ana Carolina M Apolônio 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(5):2113-2119

Bacteriocin‐producing bacteria in aquaculture may prevent spreading of potentially pathogenic microorganisms, and could be used as an alternative to the empirical use of antimicrobial drugs, especially for prophylaxis. Bacteriocinogenic bacteria inoculated as probiotics should not carry undesirable traits, such as antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to find potentially bacteriocinogenic bacteria in an aquaculture system and evaluate their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Selective cultures for enterobacteria, non‐fermenting Gram‐negative rods and Gram‐positive cocci were obtained from water samples before bacterial isolation and biochemical identification. Overall, 160 representative strains were recovered and for 57 antagonism was observed against selected strains such as Staphylococcus aureus, with antagonism being expressed better on Brain Heart Infusion medium. After exclusion of interfering factors, bacteriocin or bacteriocin‐like substances were suggested to be related to the antagonism observed. Higher drug‐resistant rates were observed among potentially bacteriocinogenic bacteria for different antimicrobials of clinical relevance. Although antibiotic resistance is a global health problem and bacteriocins are attractive alternatives to classical antibiotic even to multiresistant bacteria, the data obtained suggest that bacteriocin‐producing bacteria may harbour resistance genes available for transference in different environments. From the ecological and biotechnological perspective, antimicrobial susceptibility tests must be always performed when prospecting potentially bacteriocinogenic bacteria as probiotic candidates in the environment.  相似文献