Characterization of the extracellular matrix in the chorioallantoic membrane of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in early gestation     

Jssica Borghesi  Higor da Silva Ferreira  Phelipe Oliveira Favaron  Lara Carolina Mario  Adriana Raquel de Almeida da Anunciao  Franceliusa Delys de Oliveira  Rafael Gonalves Hayashi  Adriana Caroprezo Morini  Maria Angelica Miglino 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(10):1313-1321

Placenta is formed by a parenchyma rich in extracellular matrix (ECM), and this structure guarantees the proper development of the embryo and placental functioning. Recently, studies have focused on the characterization of ECM in the placenta and foetal membranes of different species. This work aimed to analyse the composition of the ECM and to quantify the types of collagens in its composition. For this, 33 chorioallantoic membranes were used at different gestational ages, which were grouped into five groups. Subsequently, haematoxylin–eosin staining, Masson trichrome and picrosirius were performed for histological analysis. Through the technique of polarized light, it was possible to quantify the total collagen present in the membranes and finally the immunohistochemical technique was performed to verify the presence of collagens and glycoproteins. It was possible to verify that the chorioallantoic membranes have, in all the gestational periods of the initial third of gestation, the same histological structures, being the most significant difference the membrane thickening that occurs gradually during the gestation. However, we notice the appearance of binucleate cells only from group II. In addition, it was verified that a gradual increase of collagen occurs until the group IV, yet from the group V begins to occur a decrease of this protein. In addition, collagen I, collagen III, fibronectin and laminin were present in all membranes. With this, we concluded that the buffalo chorioallantoic membrane presents ECM in constant remodelling at the beginning of gestation and can be used as biomaterial in works on regenerative biology.  相似文献   

Is sperm cryopreservation in absence of permeable cryoprotectants suitable for subfertile donkeys?     

Maria Diaz‐Jimenez  Jesús Dorado  Blasa Pereira  Cesar Consuegra  Isabel Ortiz  Manuel Hidalgo 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(Z4):102-105

Sperm from fertile donkeys have been successfully frozen in absence of permeable cryoprotectants. The aim of this study was to determine whether this cryopreservation method is suitable for subfertile donkeys in comparison to conventional sperm freezing with glycerol. Ejaculates were collected from four Andalusian Donkeys: three fertile and one subfertile. Semen was frozen with an extender containing glycerol (GLY), or adding instead sucrose 0.25 molar and 1% bovine serum albumin (SUC) as non‐permeable cryoprotectants. After thawing, samples were assessed for total (TM, %) and progressive (PM, %) sperm motility by CASA, plasma membrane integrity (PMI, %) by epifluorescence microscopy and DNA integrity (DFI, %) by SCSA. Results (mean ± SD) were compared between extenders in fertile and subfertile donkeys using the Student's t test. No differences between GLY and SUC treatments were found in the fertile group for the sperm parameters assessed. In subfertile donkey ejaculates, GLY resulted in significantly higher values than SUC for TM (25.5 ± 3.1 vs. 19.6 ± 1.9) and PM (13.3 ± 5.1 vs. 4.0 ± 1.2), respectively. In conclusion, considering all the sperm parameters assessed, sperm freezing in absence of permeable cryoprotectants may not be still an option for cryopreservation of subfertile donkey sperm.  相似文献   

Nitric oxide impacts bovine sperm capacitation in a cGMP‐dependent and cGMP‐independent manner     

Valter Luiz Maciel  Maria Clara Caldas‐Bussiere  Diego Fernando Dubeibe Marín  Carla Sobrinho Paes de Carvalho  Celia Raquel Quirino  Ana Carolina de Macedo Soares Leal 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(12):1612-1620

We aimed to elucidate whether NO acts in in vitro sperm capacitation in bovine via cGMP/PKG1 pathway. For this, cryopreserved bovine sperm were capacitated in vitro with 20 µg/ml heparin (Control) plus treatments: 1 mM L‐arginine (L‐arg, NO precursor), 50 µM Rp‐8‐Bromo‐β‐phenyl‐1,N²‐ethenoguanosine‐3′,5′‐cyclic monophosphorothioate (Rp‐8‐Br‐cGMPS, selective inhibitor of the binding site for cGMP in PKG1), 1 mM 2‐Phenyl‐4,4,5,5‐tetramethylimidazoline‐1‐oxyl 3‐oxide (PTIO, NO scavenger), and the combinations of L‐arg + RP‐8‐Br‐cGMPS and L‐arg + PTIO. Sperm motility and vigour were determined by phase‐contrast microscopy, capacitation status by chlortetracycline staining, and the intracellular concentration of cGMP was measured by ELISA. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means compared with SNK test at 5% probability. Motility and vigour were lower in sperm treated with PTIO when compared to Control and other treatments (p < .05). The L‐arg treatment showed the highest percentage of capacitated sperm when compared to the Control and other treatments (Rp‐8‐Br‐cGMPS, L‐arg + Rp‐8‐Br‐cGMPS and PTIO) (69.8 ± 3.4%, 51.2 ± 3.0, 51.1 ± 2.1, 51.2 ± 3.0 and 45.5 ± 2.7, respectively) (p < .05). The capacitation ratio (%) was lower in treatments with Rp‐8‐Br‐cGMPS, L‐arg + Rp‐8‐Br‐cGMPS and PTIO, respectively (p < .05). Lastly, cGMP concentration (pmol/ml) was lower in PTIO and L‐arg + PTIO (1.3 ± 0.3 and 1.6 ± 0.4) and was higher in Rp‐8‐Br‐cGMPS and L‐arg + Rp‐8‐Br‐cGMPS (3.7 ± 0.4 and 4.0 ± 0.5) treatments. We showed that during in vitro capacitation of cattle: (a) NO influences sperm motility and vigour; (b) NO is associated with cGMP synthesis through two independent pathways and (c) the cGMP/PKG1 pathway has a partial role in sperm capacitation and does not involve the L‐arg/NO.  相似文献   

Azotemia in cats with feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Prevalence and relationships with echocardiographic variables     

Vassiliki Gouni DVM  Valrie Chetboul DVM  PhD  Jean-Louis Pouchelon DVM  PhD  Carolina Carlos Sampedrano DVM  MS  Christelle Maurey DVM  PhD  Herv P. Lefebvre DVM  PhD 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2008,10(2):117-123

ObjectivesThe prevalence of renal azotemia in cats with acquired heart disease is not well documented. The aims of this study were therefore (1) to determine the prevalence of azotemia within a hospital population of cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), and (2) to evaluate the relationship between echocardiographic variables and plasma urea and creatinine.Animals, materials and methods134 client-owned cats were retrospectively studied including 102 cats with HCM and 32 control cats. A complete physical examination, electrocardiography, systolic arterial blood pressure measurement, thoracic radiographs, and echocardiography were performed. Plasma creatinine and urea were determined in all cats. The animal was considered azotemic if plasma creatinine was >1.8 mg/dL and/or urea >65 mg/dL (i.e. BUN> 30 mg/dL).ResultsThe prevalence of azotemia was lower in control cats (25.0%) than in cats with HCM (58.8%) (P = 0.003). No significant differences in plasma urea and creatinine were observed between the HCM and control cats. There was no effect of plasma creatinine and urea on conventional echocardiographic variables in cats with HCM.ConclusionsAzotemia is a frequent finding in cats with HCM but is not dependent on echocardiographic variables.  相似文献   

Effect of oral trazodone on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in dogs     

Elizabeth A. Hoffman  Turi K. Aarnes  Carolina H. Ricco Pereira  Phillip Lerche  Richard M. Bednarski  Mary A. McLoughlin 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2018,45(6):754-759

Objective

To determine the effect of oral trazodone on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane in dogs.

Study design

Prospective blinded, single-observer, randomized crossover experimental study.

Animals

Six adult (age 6.8 ± 1.6 months) healthy dogs (three males and three females), weighing 24.8 ± 3.4 kg (mean ± standard deviation).

Methods

Each dog was anesthetized twice with a minimum of 7 days between anesthetic episodes. Dogs were randomly assigned to be administered two treatments in a crossover design: premedication with trazodone (8 mg kg^?1; TRAZ–ISO) orally 2 hours prior to an anesthetic episode or no (ISO). Dogs were anesthetized with intravenous propofol (6 mg kg^?1) and isoflurane in >95% oxygen. Isoflurane MAC was determined using an iterative bracketing technique with electrodes placed in the buccal mucosa. Hemodynamic variables were compared at the lowest end-tidal isoflurane concentration at which each dog did not respond. A paired t test was used to assess the effect of treatment on outcome variables with significance set to a value of p < 0.05.

Results

The MAC concentration (mean ± standard deviation) in dogs administered TRAZ–ISO was 0.85 ± 0.17% compared with 1.02 ± 0.11% in those administered ISO (p = 0.01, 95% confidence interval ?0.25 to ?0.05), resulting in a mean MAC reduction of 17 ± 12%. There were no differences in hemodynamic variables between treatments.

Conclusions and clinical relevance

Premedication of dogs with oral trazodone (8 mg kg^?1) 2 hours prior to anesthetic induction has a significant isoflurane MAC sparing effect with no significant observed hemodynamic benefit.  相似文献   

Infection of IHHN virus in two species of cultured penaeoid shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) and Litopenaeus stylirostris (Stimpson) in Ecuador during El Niño 1997–98     

R. Jimenez  R. Barniol  L. de Barniol  & M. Machuca 《Aquaculture Research》1999,30(9):695-705

Infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV) was first noted in blue shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris (Stimpson) in mid-1981. Since that time, at least 12 species of penaeoid shrimp have been reported to be infected with IHHNV. Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) represents a shrimp species highly refractory to the disease, whereas L. stylirostris was highly susceptible to the disease. Since the beginning of the shrimp farming industry in Ecuador, viral diseases have been observed in L. vannamei and L. stylirostris. Of these, L. vannamei represents ≈ 80% of cultured shrimp. Histopathology, ultrastructure and in situ DNA hybridization confirm the presence and assess the prevalence of IHHNV in pond-reared shrimp, and especially in abnormally small animals of both species. Although IHHNV may be considered enzootic in cultured L. vannamei in Ecuador, we did not find high prevalence (Cowdry A bodies) in specimens of diseased pond shrimp before 1996. From that time to 1998, a higher prevalence of IHHNV has been observed in both species. The epizootic of the IHHNV disease has been related to the oceanographic and climatological conditions caused by El Niño. In addition, it has been suggested that large quantities of wild shrimp post-larvae of both species that were stocked in shrimp farms, infected as latent carriers in 1997, from which the virus could spread to a larger population of these shrimp in 1998.  相似文献   

Biochemical composition of eggs and nauplii in White Pacific Shrimp, Penaeus vannamei (Boone), in relation to the physiological condition of spawners in a commercial hatchery   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

E Palacios  A M Ibarra  J L Ramirez  G Portillo  I S Racotta 《Aquaculture Research》1998,29(3):183-189

In this study, triacylglycerol, cholesterol and glucose were measured in nauplii of Penaeus vannamei (Boone) to explain high and low survival rates from nauplii to zoea in a commercial hatchery. Triacylglycerol and glucose levels were significantly higher in nauplii that had increased survival rates to zoea. No significant differences were found in nauplii size or cholesterol levels. The influence of the long-term effect of ablation of broodstock on the biochemical composition of egg and nauplii was also determined. As the days after ablation increased, the glucose and triacylgyceride level in eggs, and the glucose levels in nauplii decreased. The broodstock had higher fecundity and body length 96 days after ablation, but the more recently ablated broodstock (18 days) produced the largest nauplii, which could indicate a higher development rate. A nauplii condition index was calculated from nauplii triacylglycerol levels, percentage of viable nauplii and nauplii length. A decline in this condition index was observed with increased days after ablation. The biochemical composition of egg and nauplii can be associated with the physiological status of the broodstock. In turn, the hatching success and survival to zoea are affected by the fuel levels. The differences in egg and nauplii fuels from broodstock with different time after ablation suggest that reproductive exhaustion of the broodstock is also related to insufficient metabolic fuel which, in turn, has an effect on larval viability.  相似文献   

Evaluation of two anaesthetic agents and the passive integrated transponder tagging system in Octopus vulgaris (Cuvier 1797)     

J Estefanell  J Socorro  J M Afonso  J Roo  H Fernández‐Palacios  M S Izquierdo 《Aquaculture Research》2011,42(3):399-406

Octopus vulgaris is a species of demand in the market with the potential to diversify European aquaculture. However, this species develops complex social interactions under culture conditions, which may have negative effects on its growth, survival and profitability. In order to understand its behaviour under such conditions, individual tagging systems allow a careful evaluation of biological parameters, such as growth and longevity. The present work describes a combined protocol (anaesthetic and tagging) for implanting subcutaneous passive integrated transponder tags (PIT). The effect of two anaesthetic agents in facilitating octopus handling is assessed: clove oil at 20–40–100 mg L^?1 and ethanol (96%) at 1–1.5–2%. The most suitable body location of PIT tags, its effect on growth and mortality, the addition of a stitch and the PIT retention rate after 2 months in floating cages were evaluated. It was concluded that immersion in seawater with 1.5% of ethanol at 22.3±0.5 °C is a suitable anaesthetic for this species. The results showed that the best‐selected PIT body location was the upper left arm III. No effect of the PIT tagging system was found on growth and survival when tagged and untagged octopuses were compared. It was observed after 2 months that the stitch did not induce an increase in the retention rate and 81–100% tag retention regardless of the dietary treatment.  相似文献   

Effect of emerged shipment on the physiological condition of the adductor muscle in adult giant lion's paw scallop Nodipecten subnodosus (Sowerby 1835)     

Victor Manuel Ocaño‐Higuera  Alfonso Nivardo Maeda‐Martínez  María Elena Lugo‐Sánchez  Gillermina García‐Sánchez  Enrique Márquez‐Ríos  Silvia Gómez‐Jimenez  Ramón Pacheco‐Aguilar 《Aquaculture Research》2011,42(8):1087-1095

Currently, there is an increasing interest in shipping live adult scallops to markets and broodstock to hatcheries; nevertheless, information about the shipping effect on live scallops physiology is very scarce. In a previous study, a method in emersion was developed to ship scallop seed out of water, but it was not known whether this method is useful to transport adult organisms. As a consequence, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of transportation by the emersion method on the physiological status of the adductor muscle of adult giant lion's paw scallop. Live specimens were packaged in a container and transported in emersion for 11 h. Six scallops were frozen in a farm and a similar number were frozen as soon as they arrived to the laboratory. Physiological indices were determined in each lot and the survival was estimated 24 h after re‐immersion. As a result of the transportation, a significant loss (P<0.05) of total carbohydrates, glycogen, adenosine 5′‐triphosphate and adenilated energetic charge, and a significant increase (P<0.05) in the free amino acids concentration were observed. Eighty‐eight per cent survival was achieved; therefore, we conclude that this method is appropriate for shipping live adult scallops of Nodipecten subnodosus.  相似文献   

Development of digestive biochemistry in the initial stages of three cultured Atherinopsids     

Elva Mayra Toledo‐Cuevas  Francisco J Moyano López  Dariel Tovar Ramírez  Carlos A Strüssmann  Carlos Alfonso Álvarez‐González  Carlos Cristian Martínez‐Chávez  Carlos A Martínez‐Palacios 《Aquaculture Research》2011,42(6):776-786

The early development of the digestive biochemistry of three cultured Atherinopsids (two Odontesthes species and Chirostoma estor) was investigated. Relatively high lipolytic and high alkaline proteolytic activities were found in all species. In addition, gene expression of lipase and trypsin during the early development of C. estor not only indicates an early onset of the lipase activity but also demonstrates a major importance of protein digestion in this species. However, despite all of them share similar habitats, differences in their digestive activities were evident. The rise in the activities of brush border membrane enzymes correlated with the decrease in cytosolic activities, used as indicator of maturation of the digestive tract, was detected in both species of Odontesthes at 9 weeks after hatching. In contrast, no similar signs were measured in C. estor, this being in agreement to the long weaning period (nearly 5 months) reported for this species.  相似文献