Equine salmonellosis in southern Brazil     

Gregory Duarte Juffo  Daniele Mariath Bassuino  Danilo Carloto Gomes  Fabiana Wurster  Caroline Pissetti  Saulo Petinatti Pavarini  David Driemeier 《Tropical animal health and production》2017,49(3):475-482

The Salmonella sp. genus is identified in several species, and the zoonosis it causes is one of the most important types worldwide. The specifics of salmonellosis vary according to the function of the serovar involved, the species affected, age and predisposing factors. However, few cases of equine salmonellosis have been reported. This study presents ten confirmed salmonellosis cases in equines in southern Brazil. Six were adult animals with stress factors preceding the disease, while four were foals, three of which presented with hyperacute manifestations. The main clinical signs were diarrhea, anorexia, and hyperthermia. Lesions varied in distribution and severity, although fibrinonecrotic or necrohemorrhagic enteritis was observed in all animals, mainly in the large intestine (large colon and cecum—8/10) and small intestine (3/10). Substantial liquid content, mainly hemorrhagic, was observed in all animals. The most characteristic microscopic lesion was mucosa necrosis, which is often accompanied by fibrin deposition, followed by necrosis of follicular centers and vascular changes. Bacterial isolation revealed seven isolates. Five were serotyped, and the serovars Typhimurium and Anatum were associated with two cases each, while Muenster was associated with a case whose lesion pattern varied. Immunohistochemical staining was positive in all cases. All diagnoses were based on the clinical history, macroscopic and histological lesions, and the bacterial isolation and/or immunostaining associated with histological lesions.  相似文献   

Do artificial and natural defoliation have similar effects on physiology of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. seedlings?     

Audrey G. Quentin  Elizabeth A. Pinkard  Christopher L. Beadle  Timothy J. Wardlaw  Anthony P. O’Grady  Stephen Paterson  Caroline L. Mohammed 《Annals of Forest Science》2010,67(2):203-203

? Artificial defoliation is often used to simulate defoliation by herbivory and is usually considered a good indication of a plant’s response to a given type of damage. However, the findings of studies directly comparing the two defoliation types are inconsistent.

? Here, the short term effects of artificial and insect defoliation by larvae of Paropsisterna agricola on growth, biomass allocation and photosynthetic capacity of Eucalyptus globulus seedlings were compared in a glasshouse experiment. The artificial defoliation was carried out to closely resemble the spatial patterns observed for insect defoliation.

? Height and diameter increments were reduced as a result of insect defoliation, whereas artificial defoliation had no significant effect on height. Increased photosynthetic capacity was observed in response to both treatments, but the magnitude of this increase was larger in insect-than in artificially-defoliated seedlings. Significant reductions in foliar carbohydrate content and total biomass were noticeable in artificially-defoliated seedlings. Although the foliar carbohydrate levels also decreased across the crown zones following insect defoliation treatment, seedlings allocated a large amount of their biomass in the branches of the damaged zone.

? Despite our best endeavours to simulate insect defoliation in the artificial treatment, the latter may not reflect accurately the full strength of the effects. However, artificial and insect defoliation were similar in their direction of the responses they caused in E. globulus seedlings.

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Evaluation and delivery of domestic animal health services in remote communities in the Northwest Territories: A case study of status and needs     

Brook RK  Kutz SJ  Millins C  Veitch AM  Elkin BT  Leighton T 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2010,51(10):1115-1122

Domestic animal health services are supplied to communities in Canada's Northwest Territories (NT) in diverse ways, including private veterinary practices in 2 of 33 communities, and by mail-order, fly-in, free clinics, and a government-coordinated lay vaccinator program in some of the other 31 communities. We evaluated delivery, needs, and potential uptake of domestic animal health services in the Sahtu Settlement Area, NT by offering free clinics for 225 dogs in 2008 and 2009; and administered questionnaires to 42 dog owners and 67 students in 2008. Owners indicated that 20% of dogs were neutered, 37% had had rabies vaccinations, and 29% had been dewormed. Physical examination of dogs demonstrated that 54% were "thin" and 4% were "emaciated." Owners and youth showed a range of attitudes toward dogs and supported improved domestic animal health services. Future services need to build on existing programs and collaborate with communities to ensure relevance, ownership, and sustainability.  相似文献   

Cutaneous pythiosis in a dog from Brazil     

Rafael Torres Neto  Sandra De M.G. Bosco  Renée L. Amorim  Claudia V.S. Brandão  Viciany E. Fabris  Caroline Estanislau  Eduardo Bagagli 《Veterinary dermatology》2010,21(2):202-204

This report describes a case of cutaneous pythiosis in a 6‐year‐old female mixed breed dog, from the central west region of São Paulo State, Brazil. The cytological and histopathological analyses showed an intense inflammatory infiltrate with presence of numerous hyphal elements, suggesting infection due to Pythium insidiosum. The diagnosis was confirmed by nested‐PCR, which was carried out with specific primers derived from the ribosomal DNA region. The pathogen occurs in Brazil and veterinarians should be aware of the importance of correctly diagnosing this disease and differentiating it from other fungal diseases.  相似文献   

Proposal for field sampling of plants and processing in the lab for environmental metabolic fingerprinting     

Tanja S Maier  Jürgen Kuhn  Caroline Müller 《Plant methods》2010,6(1):6

Background  

Samples for plant metabolic fingerprinting are prepared generally by metabolism quenching, grinding of plant material and extraction of metabolites in solvents. Further concentration and derivatisation steps follow in dependence of the sample nature and the available analytical platform. For plant material sampled in the field, several methods are not applicable, such as, e.g., collection in liquid nitrogen. Therefore, a protocol was established for sample pre-treatment, grinding, extraction and storage, which can be used for analysis of field-collected plant material, which is further processed in the laboratory. Ribwort plantain (Plantago lanceolata L., Plantaginaceae) was used as model plant. The quality criteria for method suitability were high reproducibility, extraction efficiency and handling comfort of each subsequent processing step.  相似文献   

Influence of acculturation among Tunisian migrants in France and their past/present exposure to the home country on diet and physical activity     

Méjean C  Traissac P  Eymard-Duvernay S  Delpeuch F  Maire B 《Public health nutrition》2009,12(6):832-841

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Improved effectiveness and efficiency in measuring soil enzymes as universal soil quality indicators using microplate fluorimetry     

Jean Trap  Wassila Riah  Marthe Akpa-Vinceslas  Caroline Bailleul  Karine Laval  Isabelle Trinsoutrot-Gattin 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2012

We tested the relevance of the microplate fluorimetric (F) assay for five enzymes in contrasting land uses, including woodland, grassland, cultivated and contaminated lands, as compared to the standard spectrophotometric (P) method. Enzymatic activity measured by the P method ranged from 0 to 56.04 nmol-pNP g^?1 min^?1 (median = 4) while the F method revealed lower values ranging from 0 to 6.22 nmol-MUB g^?1 dry soil min^?1 (median = 1). The values obtained by the P method were around 8 times higher than those revealed by the F method. However, the F method revealed significant differences in enzyme activity in orchard parcels (land use with low variations in soil properties). We concluded that the F method improves the effectiveness and the efficiency of measuring universal soil quality indicators using enzymes.  相似文献   

Registration of bitches undergoing repeat caesareans     

Kisko C 《The Veterinary record》2011,168(1):27; discussion 27

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Granulomatous Colitis of Boxer Dogs     

Melanie Craven  Caroline S. Mansfield  Kenneth W. Simpson 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》2011,41(2):433-445

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Optimisation of amino sugar quantification by HPLC in soil and plant hydrolysates     

Caroline Indorf  Jens Dyckmans  Khalid S. Khan  Rainer Georg Joergensen 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2011,47(4):387-396

Amino sugars are increasingly used as indicators for the accumulation of microbial residues in soil and plant material. A reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method was improved for the simultaneous determination of muramic acid, mannosamine, glucosamine and galactosamine in soil and plant hydrolysates via ortho-phthaldialdehyde (OPA) pre-column derivatisation and fluorescence detection. The retention time was reduced, and the separation of muramic acid and mannosamine was optimised by modifying the mobile phase. The effects of excitation wavelength, OPA reaction time, tetrahydrofuran concentration and pH value of the mobile phase on the amino sugar separation were tested. Quantification limits were in the range of 0.13 to 0.90 μg ml⁻¹. No interferences exist from amino acids or other primary amines, occurring in soil and plant hydrolysates.  相似文献