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61.
Use of biocontrol agents and botanicals in integrated management of Botrytis cinerea in table grape vineyards 
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Cristina Giacopello Maria Foti Vittorio Fisichella Giuseppe Latella Aurora Aleo Caterina Mammina 《Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine》2012,21(4):328-331
In recent years, an increase in human clinical cases of reptile-associated salmonellosis has been identified, and it has been attributed to the increased popularity of these animals as pets. Limited information is available regarding the distribution of Salmonella spp. serotypes in different reptile species and the antimicrobial resistance patterns of Salmonella spp. isolated from pet reptiles. This article describes the prevalence of Salmonella spp., distribution of serotypes, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns from isolates cultured from cloacal swabs obtained from 14 tegu lizards (Tupinambis spp.). Eighteen strains of Salmonella belonging to different serotypes were obtained from the 14 tegu lizards. Of the 18 Salmonella spp. isolates, 8 (44.4%) were from Salmonella subspecies I, with a majority of isolates belonging to the Eastbourne serotype (3 strains), Nottingham serotype (2 strains), and Brancaster serotype (2 strains), and only 1 belonging to the Apapa serotype. Less common serotypes were detected in 5 isolates, including 2 each belonging to Salmonella subspecies II and IIIb, respectively, and 1 to Salmonella subspecies IIIa. The serotype of 5 other Salmonella isolates could not be determined. All 18 isolates were resistant to at least 6 of the antimicrobial drugs tested. These results confirm the potential zoonotic risk from handling reptiles, suggesting that measures to educate the reptile-owning public are necessary. 相似文献
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Messina A Siniscalco A Puccinelli E Gervasi PG Longo V 《Research in veterinary science》2012,92(3):438-443
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1B1 and CYP2J have been studied in various mammals, but not in pig. The sequences encoding pig CYP1B1 and CYP2J34 were isolated from liver cDNA by RACE and sequenced. The open reading frames of pig CYP1B1 showed a higher sequence homology to bovine 1B1 (89%) than to dog 1B1 (88%) or to human 1B1 (85%). On the other hand, the coding sequence of pig CYP2J34 showed a similar homology (83-85%) to CYP2J of these species. From the substrate recognition sites (SRS 1-6) analysis of the deduced proteins, it was found that the porcine CYP1B1, unlike CYP2J34, completely shared the six SRS with the bovine counterpart. RT-PCR analysis of CYP1B1 and CYP2J34 expression in ten porcine tissues revealed that CYP1B1 was principally expressed in adrenal gland, whereas CYP2J34 was predominantly expressed in small intestine. These results further support the pig as an useful model for human. 相似文献
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Caterina Di Bella Luca Lacitignola Salvatore Grasso Paola Centonze Antonella Greco Rossella Ostuni Antonio Crovace Francesco Staffieri 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2018,45(5):618-629
Objective
To evaluate the effects of an alveolar recruitment maneuver (ARM) followed by 5 cmH2O positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in dogs undergoing laparoscopy.Study design
Prospective, randomized clinical study.Animals
A group of 20 dogs undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy.Methods
Dogs were sedated with acepromazine and methadone intramuscularly; anesthesia was induced with propofol intravenously and maintained with inhaled isoflurane. The following baseline ventilatory setting (BVS) was administered: tidal volume of 12 mL kg–1, inspiratory to expiratory ratio of 1:2, inspiratory pause 25% of inspiratory time, no PEEP and a respiratory rate to maintain end-tidal carbon dioxide tension between 5.3 and 7.3 kPa. Then, 10 minutes after the pneumoperitoneum, 10 dogs (RM) underwent a sustained inflation ARM followed by BVS plus 5 cmH2O PEEP, while 10 dogs (NO-RM) were left with BVS throughout the procedure. Gas exchange and respiratory system mechanics were evaluated before the pneumoperitoneum (PPpre), before ARM (PP10), 30 minutes later (PP30) and 20 minutes after pneumoperitoneum discontinuation (PPpost20). Data were analyzed using anova (p < 0.05).Results
The Fshunt at PP30 and PPpost20 was lower (p < 0.001) in the RM (2.3 ± 2.2 and 4.7 ± 3.7%) than in the NO-RM (5.2 ± 2.1 and 11.1 ± 5.2%), and PaO2 at PP30 and PPpost20 was higher (p < 0.001) in the RM (67.3 ± 4.2 and 60.1 ± 9.4 kPa) than in the NO-RM (50.2 ± 7.4 and 45.5 ± 11.1 kPa). Static compliance of the respiratory system at PP30 and PPpost20 was greater (p < 0.001) in the RM (2.4 ± 0.2 and 2.1 ± 0.4 mL cmH2O?1 kg–1) than in the NO-RM (0.9 ± 0.4 and 1.2 ± 0.2 mL cmH2O?1 kg–1).Conclusions and clinical relevance
In dogs undergoing laparoscopy, ARM followed by 5 cmH2O PEEP improves gas exchange and respiratory system mechanics. 相似文献66.
Agata Torre Francesca Trischitta Caterina Faggio 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2012,38(6):1593-1600
The response of isolated hepatocytes of Sparus aurata to hypotonic stress was studied by the aid of videometric methods with the aim to investigate the possible involvement of ATP in the regulatory volume decrease (RVD). This study confirms our previous observations showing the ability of these cells to undergo RVD. In addition, it shows that the homeostatic response was inhibited by apyrase, an ATP scavenger, thus suggesting the involvement of extracellular ATP in the RVD response. Experiments performed in the presence of ATPγS or adenosine, agonists of P2 and P1 receptors respectively, and in the presence of suramin or 8-PT, antagonists of P2 and P1 receptors respectively, suggest that ATP exerts its stimulatory effect on the homeostatic response by interacting with P2 receptors. On the other hand, the activation of P1 receptors by ATP metabolites produces opposite effects. In an attempt to clarify the mechanisms involved in ATP release from the cell, we performed some experiments with known inhibitors of the possible mechanisms of regulated ATP release. The results we obtained let us to suppose that the mechanism allowing the exit of ATP from the cell is verapamil sensitive suggesting the involvement of the P-glycoprotein. 相似文献
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Selection for fungicide resistance throughout a growing season in populations of Plasmopara viticola
Caterina L. Matasci Davide Gobbin Hans-Jakob Schärer Lucius Tamm Cesare Gessler 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2008,120(1):79-83
A method for evaluating the potential threat of selection for resistance to organically-based fungicides in populations of
P. viticola is needed to screen a large panel of products alternative to copper in organic viticulture. Populations from an unexposed
plot were compared throughout one season with a population sprayed with azoxystrobin (Quadris), reported as engendering selection
pressure and resistance, and a population sprayed with an organically-based fungicide (Mycosan). The evolution of the three
populations was followed with neutral specific SSR markers and with the specific marker for strobilurin resistance, as control
of selection for resistant mutants. A reduction in genetic diversity of the P. viticola population was observed in the population sprayed with azoxystrobin, consistent with directional selection toward higher
resistance, confirmed by an enhanced frequency of resistant mutants with respect to the unexposed population. In contrast,
a higher diversity and a reduced frequency of resistant mutants were observed in the population sprayed with the organically-based
fungicide. Assessing a reduction of genotypic diversity allows the detection of selection for resistance and constitutes a
valid instrument for screening a large panel of products with non-specific, different and possibly indirect modes of action. 相似文献
68.
Steven L. Slattery David J. Williams Caterina Torrisi 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(3):284-293
Industry acceptance of alternative sulphite treatments for preventing blackspot in prawns is limited. This study demonstrated that dipping prawns (Penaeus monodon and Fenneropenaeus merguiensis) in a less concentrated solution for longer times provides better control of blackspot formation than the recommended 2 minute dip in 50 mg/L 4-hexylresorcinol. Protection improved as modified dipping times and solution concentrations increased. Blackspot protection provided by most of the modified dip methods was more effective than a 1 minute dip in 1% sodium metabisulphite. The recommended 2 minute dip method should be limited to 125 kg when used on consecutive 25-kg batches of prawns. Yields increased by less than 10% even after 72-hour exposure in the modified dip. The new dipping method meets most international residue standards when applying the modified treatments evaluated. 相似文献
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A global map of human impact on marine ecosystems 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
Halpern BS Walbridge S Selkoe KA Kappel CV Micheli F D'Agrosa C Bruno JF Casey KS Ebert C Fox HE Fujita R Heinemann D Lenihan HS Madin EM Perry MT Selig ER Spalding M Steneck R Watson R 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,319(5865):948-952
The management and conservation of the world's oceans require synthesis of spatial data on the distribution and intensity of human activities and the overlap of their impacts on marine ecosystems. We developed an ecosystem-specific, multiscale spatial model to synthesize 17 global data sets of anthropogenic drivers of ecological change for 20 marine ecosystems. Our analysis indicates that no area is unaffected by human influence and that a large fraction (41%) is strongly affected by multiple drivers. However, large areas of relatively little human impact remain, particularly near the poles. The analytical process and resulting maps provide flexible tools for regional and global efforts to allocate conservation resources; to implement ecosystem-based management; and to inform marine spatial planning, education, and basic research. 相似文献