The Horserace Betting Levy Board: 50 years of advances in equine veterinary science, education and practice     

Marr CM 《Equine veterinary journal》2011,43(2):123-125

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Seasonal changes in plasma concentrations of cecum-derived amines in clinically normal ponies and ponies predisposed to laminitis     

Bailey SR  Katz LM  Berhane Y  Samuels T  De Brauvere N  Marr CM  Elliott J 《American journal of veterinary research》2003,64(9):1132-1138

OBJECTIVE: To measure concentrations of amines formed in the cecum of clinically normal ponies, determine amine concentrations in plasma samples collected in spring and winter, and compare concentrations of amines and serotonin in plasma samples obtained from clinically normal ponies and ponies predisposed to laminitis. SAMPLE POPULATION: Cecal contents obtained from 10 ponies euthanatized at an abattoir and blood samples obtained from 42 adult ponies. PROCEDURE: Cecal contents were assayed for amines by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Blood samples were collected at various times of the year from 20 ponies predisposed to acute laminitis and 22 clinically normal ponies. Plasma serotonin concentration was measured by HPLC, and tryptamine (TRP), tyramine (TYR), phenylethylamine (PEA), and isoamylamine (IAA) were measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS: 15 amines were identified in cecal contents. Plasma TRP, TYR, PEA, and IAA concentrations ranged from 10pM to 100nM in both groups of ponies. Plasma concentrations of serotonin or other amines did not differ between clinically normal ponies and those predisposed to laminitis; however, significantly higher concentrations of TRP, PEA, and IAA were found in samples obtained in the spring, compared with winter samples. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Various amines are found in the cecum of ponies, several of which can be detected in the plasma. Concentrations increase significantly in the spring and may reach concentrations close to the threshold for causing vasoconstriction. Release of amines from the cecum into the systemic circulation may contribute to hemodynamic disturbances in horses and ponies with acute laminitis.  相似文献   

Digital blood flow and plasma endothelin concentration in clinically endotoxemic horses     

Menzies-Gow NJ  Bailey SR  Stevens K  Katz L  Elliott J  Marr CM 《American journal of veterinary research》2005,66(4):630-636

OBJECTIVE: To measure plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) concentrations and digital blood flow in clinically endotoxemic horses. ANIMALS: 36 adult horses that underwent emergency celiotomy for primary gastrointestinal tract disease. PROCEDURE: On days 2 and 5 following surgery, Doppler ultrasonographic digital arterial blood flow measurements were obtained. Hematologic and biochemical analyses were performed, and plasma concentrations of ET-1 and endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) were determined. A scoring system based on 9 clinical variables was used to assign horses to group B (quartile with greatest cumulative score) or group A (remaining 3 quartiles). Follow-up at 2.5 years was obtained by telephone questionnaire. RESULTS: For all horses on day 2, median (interquartile values) plasma ET-1 concentrations were 1.4 (0.8, 1.7) pg/mL, whereas on day 5, plasma ET-1 concentrations were 1.0 (0.5, 1.6) pg/mL. On day 2, digital blood flow was 0.057 (0.02, 0.07) mL/min in group A horses and 0.035 (0.02, 0.03) mL/min in group B horses. On day 5, plasma ET-1 concentration was significantly (73%) higher in group B horses, compared with group A horses. Thirty of 36 horses were alive at 2.5 years; group A horses were more likely to have survived (odds ratio, 25; 95% confidence interval, 2.4 to 262). Significant associations were found between an increase in digital pulses, hoof wall temperatures, or both and increased digital blood flow (0.14 vs 0.04 mL/min) on day 2 and increased digital arterial diameter (0.32 vs 0.23 cm) on day 5. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Horses with more severe endotoxemia had decreased digital blood flow, increased plasma ET-1 concentrations, and decreased long-term survival.  相似文献   

Contamination of dog hair with eggs of Toxocara canis     

Roddie G  Stafford P  Holland C  Wolfe A 《Veterinary parasitology》2008,152(1-2):85-93

Toxocara canis, the common intestinal nematode of dogs and foxes, is the parasite responsible for human toxocarosis. It has recently been shown that dogs may harbour eggs of the parasite in their fur. To further investigate this claim a population of 100 stray dogs was examined to establish the prevalence and intensity of adult toxocaral worm infection in the intestines and eggs harboured in the hair. A novel method of washing the eggs from the hair was used. Sixty-seven percent of dogs were found to have T. canis eggs on their hair with a mean egg retrieval of nearly 584 eggs per gram from positive dogs. The age of the dog was found to be the only significant factor to influence the prevalence and intensity of eggs, with 95% of all the eggs recovered found on puppies. Thirty-nine percent of dogs were found to have adult T. canis worms in their intestine, although a significantly higher percentage of puppies (80%) were infected with worms than adults (22.5%). Puppies also had more worms per infection than adults and have a strong positive correlation between egg and worms numbers whereas adults did not. These studies show that stray dogs, particularly puppies, potentially harbour considerable numbers of eggs on their hair, at densities far higher than those reported in the soil or the general environment.  相似文献   

How to publish diagnostic imaging studies: Common mistakes and recommendations     

Anthony Pease  Celia M. Marr 《Equine veterinary journal》2019,51(1):7-10

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Equine influenza vaccination catches an autumn cold! But must get over it as soon as it can     

J. Richard Newton  David I. Rendle  David R. Mountford  Celia M. Marr 《Equine veterinary journal》2023,55(1):142-146

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Molecular characterization of H5N2 avian influenza viruses isolated from South African ostriches in 2006     

Abolnik C 《Avian diseases》2007,51(4):873-879

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N2 reemerged in ostriches in South Africa during 2006, and a low-pathogenic AI H5N2 virus was also isolated. Molecular and phylogenetic characterization was performed to determine whether the outbreak strains were genetically derived from the supposedly eradicated Eastern Cape ostrich outbreak HPAI H5N2 strain of 2004. It was demonstrated that although the 2004 and 2006 South African H5N2 strains shared a common ancestor, the two outbreaks were not related. Not only were extensive reassortments with wild bird viruses involved in the evolution of the 2006 strains, but the precursor HA molecule HA0 cleavage site sequence of the 2006 HPAI H5N2 virus also contained fewer basic amino-acid insertions. Multiple transmission events occurred from wild birds to ostriches in 2006, and it appears that a reservoir of H5N2 with pathogenic potential for poultry is established in the South African wild duck population.  相似文献   

Soil loss in an olive grove in Central Spain under cover crops and tillage treatments,and farmer perceptions     

Sastre  Blanca  Barbero-Sierra  Celia  Bienes  Ramón  Marques  Maria Jose  García-Díaz  Andrés 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2017,17(3):873-888

Journal of Soils and Sediments - Soil erosion is a threat for the sustainability of the grove production all over the world, and olive groves are where the highest erosion is achieved. This study...  相似文献   

Production and characterization of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to forchlorfenuron     

Suárez-Pantaleón C  Mercader JV  Agulló C  Abad-Somovilla A  Abad-Fuentes A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(23):11122-11131

The development of immunoassays for the detection of the plant growth regulator forchlorfenuron (CPPU) is described. To achieve that purpose, a set of CPPU derivatives has been obtained by the previous synthesis of the adequate p-aminophenyl alkanoic acid. Protein conjugates of these compounds have been used as immunogens to produce rabbit polyclonal antibodies and a collection of mouse monoclonal antibodies. Additionally, a battery of structural analogues of the target analyte has been synthesized and used for the characterization of antibody binding. This strategy has demonstrated that most antibodies followed Landsteiner's principle, although some monoclonal antibodies showing important deviations from this behavior have also been found. Finally, different assay formats have been developed with a variety of antibodies and conjugates, and a rapid procedure has been optimized for the indirect ELISA format using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. In the indirect competitive ELISA, assay IC50 values for CPPU below 0.5 nM were found with LODs as low as 0.013 nM.  相似文献   

Urease from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) seeds: isolation, physicochemical characterization, and antifungal properties of the protein     

Menegassi A  Wassermann GE  Olivera-Severo D  Becker-Ritt AB  Martinelli AH  Feder V  Carlini CR 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(12):4399-4405

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