Chemotherapeutic efficacy of imidocarb dipropionate on experimentalEperythrozoon ovis infection in sheep     

A. L. Hung Ch 《Tropical animal health and production》1986,18(2):97-102

Summary Non-splenectomised Cheviot and Soay sheep experimentally infected with Eperythrozoon ovis were treated subcutaneously with two doses of 4 mg/kg of imidocarb dipropionate 24 hours apart. A rapid reduction in E. ovis parasitaemias following the first injection of imidocarb was observed and E. ovis organisms were not demonstrable 48 hours after the first treatment. However, recrudescences of infection were observed 14 and 28 days after treatment in the Soay and Cheviot sheep respectively. Side-effects associated with treatment were registered in the Cheviot sheep but not in the Soay sheep.

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Resumen Ovejas no esplenectomizadas de las razas Cheviot y Soay infectadas experimentalmente conEperythrozoon ovis, fueron tratadas subcutáneamente con dos dosis de 4 mg/kg de dipropionato de imidocarb, con un intervalo de 24 horas. Se notó una sensible reducción delE. ovis despues de la primera inyección, desapareciendo el organismo a las 48 horas del primer tratamiento. Sin embargo, se observaron recaídas a los 14 y 28 días despues del tratamiento en las ovejas Soay y Cheviot respectivamente. Se notaron efectos colaterales asociados al tratamiento en ovejas Cheviot pero no en las Soay. Intoxicaciones fueron observadas en los animales Cheviot pero no en los Soay.

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Résumé Des moutons non splénectomisés des races Cheviot et Soay, expérimentalement infectés parE. ovis, ont été traités par inoculation sous-cutanée de deux doses de 4 mg/kg de propionate d’Imidocarb à 24 heures d’intervalle. On constate une réduction rapide des parasitémies àE. ovis après la première injection;E. ovis ne pouvait plus être mis en évidence 48 heures après le premier traitement. Cependant, une récurrence de l’infection a été observée 14 jours après le traitement pour la race Soay et 28 jours pour la race Cheviot. Des effets secondaires associés au traitement ont été enregistrés chez les Cheviots mais non sur les Soays.

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Pulvérisation à volume rédurt et bas volume en grandes cultures. Résultats de trois années d'expérimentation¹     

Ch. BOUCHET 《EPPO Bulletin》1983,13(3):547-554

Les expérimentations ont été réalisées en France de 1980 à 1982 par l'ACTA (Association de Coordination Technique Agricole), l'ITCF (Institut Technique des Céréales et des Fourrages) et ITTB (Institut Technique de la Betterave Industrielle). Les techniques et volumes comparés ont été les suivants: 450 ou 300 l/ha (reference), 150, 100 et 75 l/ha en pulvérisation à jet projeté et 25 l/ha en pulvérisation centrifuge (Girojet TECNOMA). Les essais ont porté prindpatement sur les céréales et sur les betteraves. L'efficacité des herbicides sur céréales est pratiquement identique à tous les volumes compris entre 450 et 75 l/ha, pourvu que l'on traite en situation favorable (dose, stade, etc.). Elle devient légèrement moins bonne aux volumes les plus faibles dès que l'ons'éloigne des conditions idéales. Les résultats obtenus avec la pulvérisation centrifuge sont beaucoup plus aléatoires, surtout sur graminées. Les essais fongiddes sur céréales en végétation ont donné, contre le piétin-verse, des résultats pratiquement équivalents à tous les volumes, y compris 25 l/ha. Les essais herbicides de postlevée sur betteraves ont montré une efficacité comparable aux volumes entre 60 et 150 l/ha. Par contre, la pulvérisation centrifuge à 25 l/ha a donné une efficacité herbicide nettement inférieure.  相似文献   

Preliminary Research on Seed Production and Nutrient Content for Certain Quinoa Varieties in a Saline–Sodic Soil     

Th. Karyotis  C. Iliadis  Ch. Noulas  Th. Mitsibonas 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2003,189(6):402-408

The aim of the present study was to compare the potential seed yield of eight quinoa varieties, to explore their mineral composition of seeds and to identify superior varieties in two locations with different soil properties. Compared with neutral soil conditions, seed yield in the marginal (saline–sodic) soil was decreased by 45 %. Under the latter soil conditions seed yield was negatively correlated with crop density, indicating that a considerable yield loss was due to poor and uneven plant density caused by adverse soil properties. Among the varieties, ‘RU–5–PQCIP–DANIDA–UNA’ produced the highest seed yield (>20 dt ha^?1) when grown under neutral soil conditions. Under marginal conditions, the above‐mentioned variety and ‘N 407’ produced seed yields up to 10 dt ha^?1 whereas the rest reached yields of only about 5 dt ha^?1. The majority of the varieties accumulated significantly more protein (20 %) in the seeds under saline–sodic soil conditions (lower yielding environment). The varieties originated from South America were superior in accumulating protein in the seeds at both locations. Mineral contents of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) in the seeds were significantly higher in the neutral soil. No differences were found for phosphorous (P), iron (Fe), copper (Cu) and boron (B) between the two locations. The South American varieties were again superior in mineral composition. Adaptation of certain quinoa varieties even under marginal environments seems promising for seed production and/or protein and mineral content in the seeds. Agronomic data are needed in a due course, over a higher number of locations and/or various climatic conditions.  相似文献   

Interactions between erythromycin,flunixin meglumine,levamisole and plant secondary metabolites towards bovine gastrointestinal motility—in vitro study          下载免费PDF全文

M. Mendel  M. Chłopecka  N. Dziekan  W. Karlik 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2018,41(2):281-291

Continued ingestion of plant secondary metabolites by ruminants can provoke pharmacological interactions with pharmaceutical agents used in animals. As some drugs and phytocompounds affect smooth muscle activity, the aim of this study was to verify the possible interaction between selected pharmaceutical agents and plant secondary metabolites towards bovine gastrointestinal motility. The interactions between phytocompounds—apigenin, quercetin, hederagenin, medicagenic acid—and medicines—erythromycin, flunixin meglumine and levamisole—were evaluated on bovine isolated abomasal and duodenal specimens obtained from routinely slaughtered cows. The obtained results confirmed the contractile effect of all three drugs used solely. Hederagenin and medicagenic acid (0.001 μM) enhanced the contractile effect of levamisole. Hederagenin additionally increased the impact of erythromycin. Both saponins (100 μM) showed synergistic effects with all tested pharmaceuticals. Apigenin and quercetin (0.001 μM) intensified the contractile response induced by erythromycin and levamisole. Moreover, both flavonoids (100 μM) showed an antagonistic interaction with all tested drugs which in that situation were devoid of the prokinetic effect. To conclude, plant metabolic metabolites such as saponins and flavonoids are potent modifiers of the effect of drugs towards gut motility. The synergy observed between phytocompounds and selected medicines can be beneficial in the treatment of cows with hypomotility disorders.  相似文献   

Computed tomography is a feasible method for quantifying bone density in Macaca mulatta          下载免费PDF全文

Salvador A. Solís‐Chávez  Manuel A. Castillo‐Rivera  Marcela Arteaga‐Silva  Alejandra Ibáñez‐Contreras  Braulio Hernández‐Godínez  Andrés Morón‐Mendoza  Gamaliel Mendoza‐Cuevas  Axayácatl Morales‐Guadarrama  Emilio Sacristan‐Rock 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2018,59(5):545-550

Osteopathologies are a result of advanced age and decreased bone density and represent a global health problem. It is therefore important to generate models for longitudinal studies of the pathophysiology in order to improve early diagnosis and develop preventive therapies. For this kind of research, the use of computed tomography (CT) to evaluate bone health offers advantages over other techniques since it provides more complete information. The aim of this prospective, pilot study was to obtain measurements of the left femur from a population in captivity of 32 rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) in order to standardize the model for future research. Healthy subjects from 5 to 28 years old were chosen. Three groups with different ages were formed as follows: (1) 5–9 years, (2) 10–19 years, and (3) 20–28 years. Semi‐automatic segmentation by threshold defined the regions of interest, which were subdivided in the range of 300–700 Hounsfield units (HU) for trabecular bone and >700 HU for cortical bone. Then, the proportional ratios of the volumes of trabecular bone and cortical bone were obtained. Significant differences (analysis of variance test) in the averages of Hounsfield units, cortical, and trabecular bone proportions from each age group proved that a decrease in bone density begins at approximately 20 years of age. The values presented here, as well as the method to obtain them from CT scans, can be used as a baseline in a primate model for long‐term research in bone pathology diagnosis and treatment.  相似文献   

Multivariate Zeitreihenanalyse zur Erfassung von Witterungssignalen in der Jahrringreihe     

Dr. Ch. Yue 《European Journal of Forest Research》1996,116(1-6):96-104

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Kombinierter Einsatz von synthetischen Insektiziden und Bacillus thuringiensis sowie Trichogramma evanescens gegen ausgewa¨hlte Scha¨dlinge an Vigna sesquipedalis unter tropischen Tieflandbedingungen     

Ch. Ulrichs  I. Mewis  W. H. Schnitzler 《Journal of pest science》2001,74(5):117-120

Field experiments with the synthetic insecticides, Methomyl and Carbaryl, alone and in combination with the biological control agents, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and Trichogramma evanescens, were conducted to control pests in yardlong beans, Vigna sesquipedalis, during the dry season 1998/1999. The experimental area was located at the Central Luzon State University in the province of Nueva Ecija on the Philippine main island Luzon. Carbaryl was applied against bean flies 5 days after plant emergence. Methomyl was sprayed against pod sucking insects and the bean podborer, Maruca vitrata, 45 days after plant emergence. The biological control agents were applied with the beginning of the flowering stage of V. sesquipedalis, when plants were first attacked by M. vitrata. Major insect pests on V. sesquipedalis were cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora), leafminer (Liriomyza sp.), and bean podborer (M. vitrata). Both, Bt and T. evanescens had no significant impact on yield. M. vitrata eggs, exposed for 48 hours in the fields to augmented T. evanescens, were used to measure field efficacy of the parasitoid. Highest parasitism rate was 13.3?%, thus, generally low. Highest yield was obtained from plots treated with both synthetic insecticides. No significant difference in fresh pod yield was observed when, in addition to the synthetic insecticides, Bt and/or T. evanescens was applied. However, all treatments significantly out-yielded the untreated control.  相似文献   

Effectiveness of different types of pheromone traps used against Ips typographus (L.) (Col., Scolytidae) in Sweden     

J. Regnander  Ch. Solbreck 《Journal of pest science》1981,54(7):104-108

No effects of different surface textures on cylinder traps were found, except for traps with a very smooth surface which caught fewer beetles. The addition of a large exterior funnel, collecting beetles falling down on the outside of the cylinders, resulted in a doubling of trap catches. Two types of barrier traps, which turn with the wind, are described. The best of these traps had a catch efficiency approaching that of the most efficient cylinder traps.  相似文献   

Definition of the flight period of Lasioderma serricorne (F.) in stored tobacco     

S.Ch. Papadopoulou  C.Th. Buchelos 《Journal of pest science》2002,75(3):81-83

A 4-year (1996?–?99) survey of the biology of L. serricorne (F) (Coleoptera, Anobiidae) on stored tobacco has taken place in Thessaloniki, northern Greece. For the trapping of the adults, pheromone ('New Serrico' and 'Black Stripe Moth') as well as electric (black light) traps were used. The first generation adults emerging from larvae hibernating inside the tobacco bales appeared flying on the 17/5, 16/5, 28/4, and 30/4 of the years 1996, 1997, 1998, and 1999, respectively. In parallel observations, adults inside the bales were found on the 14/5, 12/5, 23/4, and 26/4 of the above-mentioned years, respectively. Termination of flights, in all the years concerned, took place during October or November, while the last flights of November were recorded in temperatures of about 13?°C.  相似文献   

Comparison of sarcoplasmic proteomes between two groups of pig muscles selected for shear force of cooked meat   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Laville E  Sayd T  Terlouw C  Chambon C  Damon M  Larzul C  Leroy P  Glénisson J  Chérel P 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(14):5834-5841

Two-dimensional electrophoresis was used to compare Longissimus sarcoplasmic protein abundance between two groups (tough meat and tender meat), defined on the basis of extreme Warner-Bratzler shear force values measured on cooked pork. Fourteen protein spots differed in quantity (P<0.05) between the two groups and were identified. Adypocyte fatty acid binding protein and acyl-CoA binding protein involved in lipid traffic and in the control of gene expression regulating cell proliferation and differentiation, and Enoyl-CoA hydratase, aldose reductase and triosephosphate isomerase indirectly related to lipid metabolism were overrepresented in the tender group. The tender group was further characterized by increased levels of proteins involved in protein folding and polymerization (initiation factor elf-3beta, chaperonin subunit 2, profilin II). The results suggest that the lower post-cooking shear force could at least in part be related to muscle adipogenetic and/or myogenetic status of which the possible underlying mechanisms are discussed.  相似文献