Dissecting Genetic Basis of Deep Rooting in Dongxiang Wild Rice     

Nie Yuanyuan  Xia Hui  Ma Xiaosong  Lou Qiaojun  Liu Yi  Zhang Anling  Cheng Liang  Yan Longan  Luo Lijun 《水稻科学》2022,29(3):277-287

Deep rooting is an important trait in rice drought resistance. Genetic resources of deep-rooting varieties are valuable in breeding of water-saving and drought-resistant rice. In the present study, 234 BC₂F₇ backcross introgression lines were derived from a cross of Dongye 80 (an accession of Dongxiang wild rice as the donor parent) and R974 (an indica restorer line as the recurrent parent). A genetic linkage map containing 1 977 bin markers was constructed by ddRADSeq for QTL analysis. Thirty-one QTLs for four root traits (the number of deep roots, the number of shallow roots, the total number of deep roots and the ratio of deep roots) were assessed on six rice chromosomes in two environments (2020 Shanghai and 2021 Hainan). Two of the QTLs, qDR5.1 and qTR5.2, were located on chromosome 5 in a 70-kb interval. They were detected in both environments. qDR5.1 explained 13.35% of the phenotypic variance in 2020 Shanghai and 12.01% of the phenotypic variance in 2021 Hainan. qTR5.2 accounted for 10.88% and 10.93% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. One QTL (qRDR2.2) for the ratio of deep roots was detected on chromosome 2 in a 210-kb interval and accounted for 6.72% of the phenotypic variance in 2020. The positive effects of these three QTLs were all from Dongxiang wild rice. Furthermore, nine and four putative candidate genes were identified in qRDR2.2 and qDR5.1/qTR5.2, respectively. These findings added to our knowledge of the genetic control of root traits in rice. In addition, this study will facilitate the future isolation of candidate genes of the deep-rooting trait and the utilization of Dongxiang wild rice in the improvement of rice drought resistance.  相似文献   

我国林业鼠(兔)害发生现状及防治技术研究进展     

温玄烨  董晓波  卢修亮  常国彬  王巧申  林晓 《世界林业研究》2021,34(2):91-95

林业害鼠(兔)是我国4大类林业有害生物之一,对林业生产和生态建设造成严重危害,探讨其分布范围、发生现状及防治措施对保护我国森林资源具有重要的理论和实践意义.文中论述了我国林业害鼠(兔)的主要种类、发生现状、分布范围、危害程度,并简要回顾了不同防治措施的发展历程,总结归纳了取得的防治效果及近年来涌现出的新技术、新药剂,指...  相似文献   

LPS-TLR4/MD-2–TNF-α signaling mediates alcohol-induced liver fibrosis in rats     

Wen-Ling Mou  Shi-Ru Chen  Zhen-Ting Wu  Li-Hua Hu  Ji-Ye Zhang  Hong-Jie Chang  Hang Zhou  Ying Liu 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2022,35(2):193

Liver fibrosis results from liver inflammation and progresses to liver cirrhosis or liver cancer. It is known that nonalcoholic liver disease is mediated by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor-2 (MD-2)–tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) signaling pathway. This study aimed to investigate whether alcoholic liver disease is also mediated by this pathway. To this end, we first established rat models of liver fibrosis by administering alcohol. Next, the rats were injected with anti-TLR4 and anti-MD-2 antibodies. Real Time Quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting were used to detect the activation of the TLR4/MD-2–TNF-α signaling pathway and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Moreover, the expression of molecules related to liver fibrosis was estimated. The morphology of rat liver tissue was observed through hematoxylin–eosin staining and Masson staining. For in vitro studies, Kupffer cells (KCs) isolated from the liver were transfected with si-TLR4 and si-MD-2 and co-cultured with HSCs to determine the activity of HSCs. It was found that alcohol treatment activated the TLR4/MD-2–TNF-α signaling pathway and upregulated the molecules associated with liver fibrosis. However, inhibition of TLR4 and MD-2 partially reversed this trend. Notably, in vitro studies indicated that knockdown of TLR4 and MD-2 in KCs partially inhibited LPS-induced activation of KCs and HSCs. Overall, this study showed that alcohol induces liver fibrosis via the LPS-TLR4/MD-2–TNF-α signaling pathway.  相似文献   

杭州的四季茶会——Ⅰ.春天的敬老茶会     

韩晶  步畅  岳任  萸茗 《茶叶》2012,38(1):54-56

本文主要介绍了杭州四季茶会之春天的敬老茶会,包括茶会的缘起,历年茶会进行回眸,以及敬老茶会的特色。  相似文献   

邻菲口罗啉化学修饰碳糊电极三元络合物体系测定痕量钴     

黄杉生  许岩  程翼达 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1998,25(5)

制备了邻菲口罗啉化学修饰碳糊电极,在含噻吩甲酰三氟丙酮的ＨＡｃ－ＮａＡｃ体系中,Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）离子经化学富集在电极表面上形成三元络合物．采用２．５次微分伏安法测定痕量Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）离子．Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）浓度在８．０×１０－９～７．０×１０－７ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１范围内与阳极溶出峰峰高成良好的线性关系,检出限达１．２×１０－９ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１．电极用于水样中钴的测定,结果令人满意．  相似文献   

四川南部稻区稻瘟病发生危害及防治对策     

潘学贤  卿雨文 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》1999,21(1):13-15

该文报道了四川南部稻区稻瘟病发生危害特点,提出了不同生态区稻瘟病的防治对策及配套技术。  相似文献   

高温蒸气处理制造"自胶结"人造板技术的研究与发展   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

沈隽  胡国民  赵钟声  程亚男 《东北林业大学学报》2000,28(4):64-68

介绍了高温蒸气密闭处理制造“自胶结”人造板技术的发展,阐明了它对有效利用低质木材,“三剩物”及提高木材综合利用率的作用。同时,就这一技术对我国环境保护产生的影响进行了展望。  相似文献   

裸燕麦不同生育时期对干旱胁迫后复水的响应     

林叶春  曾昭海  郭来春  任长忠  王春龙  胡跃高 《麦类作物学报》2012,32(2):284-288

为给裸燕麦(Avena nuda L.)高效节水生产提供理论和技术支持,在温室盆栽条件下,研究了裸燕麦持续性干旱胁迫后不同生育时期复水的生理响应。结果表明,拔节-抽穗期内复水较正常供水处理显著(P<0.05)提高株高6.57%～7.67%,其他时期复水株高与正常供水处理差异不显著(P>0.05);拔节-孕穗期和抽穗-灌浆期内复水,裸燕麦功能叶片净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Ci)、胞间CO2浓度(Gs)和蒸腾速率(Tr)等光合参数均表现出补偿或超补偿效应,灌浆期后复水无法恢复叶片正常光合能力;拔节期、孕穗期、抽穗期和灌浆期复水,较持续干旱胁迫处理显著提高裸燕麦籽粒产量,产量增幅分别为14.29%、152.38%、66.67%和32.80%;孕穗-灌浆期复水有利于提高灌溉水利用效率。说明裸燕麦持续干旱胁迫后孕穗期和抽穗期复水对植株生长、功能叶片光合能力和产量的补偿效应明显,有利于灌溉水高效利用。  相似文献   

小麦新种质N0381D矮秆基因的遗传与SSR标记分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

付颖  吴金华  王长有  张保军  吉万全 《麦类作物学报》2011,31(3):411-415

为给小麦矮秆新种质N0381D的利用提供依据,采用田间观察、赤霉酸鉴定以及SSR分析相结合的方法, 对该种质的矮秆性状进行了遗传分析和分子标记定位。结果表明,N0381D与高秆品种阿勃的杂种F¹代株高均接近或稍高于中亲值,F²代高、矮秆比例为123∶33,经χ测验,符合3∶1遗传分离比例;（N0381D/阿勃//N0381D）BC¹代矮秆植株数和半矮秆植株数的分离比例符合1∶1遗传分离比例,说明N0381D的矮秆性状由1对隐性主效基因控制。赤霉酸鉴定表明,该种质为赤霉酸不敏感型。利用337对SSR引物在亲本及高、矮秆池间进行多态性筛选,引物Xwmc503与该矮秆基因连锁, 遗传距离为19.3 cM,通过中国春及其第2部分同源群缺体四体系和双端体系将其定位于2DL染色体上。由于2DL上目前还没有发现矮秆基因,利用Xgwm261对高、矮秆池进行分析,也没有扩增出特异条带,表明N0381D携带的矮秆基因与定位于2DS上的 Rht8不同,因此推测该基因是一个新的矮秆基因,暂命名为RhtN0381D。  相似文献   

旱作区双免耕覆盖下冬小麦旗叶光合特性、根系分布及产量研究     

邵运辉  李俊红  岳俊芹  丁志强  张德奇  方保停  杨程 《麦类作物学报》2020,40(7):843-849

为了解旱作区双免耕覆盖下冬小麦旗叶光合特性及根系分布特征,通过试验测定和分析了双免耕覆盖冬小麦旗叶叶绿素相对含量、光合有效辐射、光合速率、胞间CO₂浓度、蒸腾速率等光合参数,以及根长密度和根干重密度与传统耕作（对照）的差异。结果表明,与对照相比,双免耕覆盖下冬小麦旗叶叶绿素相对含量、光合有效辐射、净光合速率分别增加了11.2%、20.5%、31.7%,胞间CO₂浓度降低12.68%,蒸腾速率、叶片瞬时水分利用效率、气孔限制值分别平均提高13.1%、16%和30.7%。双免耕覆盖下冬小麦开花期和灌浆期根长密度在行内平均较对照分别提高47.13%和14.43%,在行间平均分别提高38.18%和 33.61%;两个时期的根干重密度在行内平均分别增加21.44%和14.42%,在行间平均分别提高19.96%和 12.56%。双免耕覆盖下冬小麦产量为4 872.0 kg·hm^-2,较对照增产18.4%,差异达极显著水平。由此说明双免耕覆盖可促进旱作冬小麦光合作用及根系生长发育,有利于其高产。  相似文献