农业机械化工程研究生创新能力的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张喜瑞  翁绍捷  李粤  于涛  仇倩倩 《农业装备与车辆工程》2011,(3):37-38,44

研究生教育作为我国教育结构中的高层次的教育,有责任而且有义务为国家培养高水平、高素质,且具备高层次创新能力的人才,教育体系应加强创新教育,逐步提高研究生的创新能力.在了解了农业机械化工程学科现状与进展后,提出了农业机械化工程学科研究生创新能力培养的建议:进行创新性学习,提高创新意识和创新思维;学校改进教学课程体系;多参...  相似文献   

Bioactive cembranoids from the soft coral Sinularia crassa     

Chao CH  Chou KJ  Huang CY  Wen ZH  Hsu CH  Wu YC  Dai CF  Sheu JH 《Marine drugs》2011,9(10):1955-1968

Eight new cembranoids, crassarines A-H (1-8) were isolated from the Formosan soft coral Sinularia crassa. Compounds 1-3 represent the rare cembranoids with a 1,12-oxa-bridged tetrahydrofuran ring, while 4 and 5 are the firstly discovered 1,11-oxa-bridged tetrahydropyranocembranoids. The absolute configuration of 6 was determined using the Mosher's method. Compounds 6 and 8 were found to significantly inhibit the expression of both pro-inflammatory iNOS and COX-2 proteins at 10 μM, respectively, while compounds 4-8 were found to be non-cytotoxic toward the selected human liver cancer cells.  相似文献   

Efficacy of gamma irradiation for protection against postharvest insect damage and microbial contamination of adlay     

Hsiao-Wei Wen  Hsiao-Ping Chung  Ya-Ting Wang  Po-Chow Hsieh  I-Hsin Lin  Fong-In Chou   《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2008,50(2-3):208-215

This study examines the protective effects of gamma irradiation against postharvest insect damage and microbial contamination and its effect on the nutritive value of adlay (Coix lacryma-jobi L.). Adlay was treated with doses of 0–20 kGy gamma irradiation and subsequently stored at ambient temperature. The number of insects, microbial quality and chemical properties of irradiated and non-irradiated adlay were evaluated immediately after treatment and after 6 months of storage. Before irradiation, total aerobic microbial counts ranged from 5.6 × 10² to 1.4 × 10⁵ CFU g⁻¹ and the mean total number of insects was 3.2 ± 2.1 per 100 g of polished kernel. Two kilograys was the lowest dose that provided 100% insect control. A radiation-resistant bacterium, Deinococcus radiodurans RC1, was found in 2 of 10 adlay samples. Four kilograys was a sufficient dose for Enterobacteriaceae inactivation, and 6 kGy was a sufficient dose for yeast and fungi inactivation. Twenty and 8 kGy sufficed for the inactivation of all mesophilic microbes in samples with and without D. radiodurans, separately. Moreover the moisture, ash, crude fiber, crude fat, crude protein and riboflavin content all remained constant. However, 8 kGy irradiation reduced vitamin B1 concentration by 24.2%, but did not measurably reduce the amount of amino acids, except methionine and cysteine. Fatty acid contents did not alter after 8 kGy irradiation, but changes were observed after the 6 months of storage. These changes caused by irradiation were no greater than those caused by the 6-month storage. Irradiation up to 8 kGy did not markedly increase the acid value, but did increase the peroxide value to 13% of the initial value right after irradiation. However, significant changes in acid value and peroxide value were noted after 6 months of storage both in non-irradiated and post-irradiated storage samples. Additionally, 8 kGy irradiation did not significantly change the adlay appearance. The improvement in the hygiene of this vital food source compensates for the small loss of some nutritional constituents. Hence 8 kGy of gamma irradiation can be used in cold decontamination of adlay to prolong shelf-life, to improve postharvest quality, and to reduce the risk of food-borne disease.  相似文献   

半干旱黄土丘陵区典型抗旱造林整地技术集流效果研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

蔡进军  李生宝  蒋齐  张源润  许畴 《水土保持研究》2009,16(5)

以宁南山区生态建设中推广应用的典型抗旱造林整地工程为研究对象,针对工程措施的集流效果进行研究,结果表明:实施"88542"集流造林整地工程,能够有效地改善土壤的水分状况,尤其在0-60 cm土层表现较为明显;工程措施的集流效果随地形的变化有所不同:随坡位自上而下改变,"88542"集流水平沟比集流坡面水分的增加率总体上呈增大趋势;随着坡长增大,工程措施对水分增加率也呈增大趋势;随坡度的增大,水平沟相对集流面的水分增加率也随之增加;随坡向不同,工程措施的集流效果则无明显差异;相对于工程措施的集流效果,坡长和坡度之间呈正相关关系,故在工程设计中,坡度越大,相应集流坡面长度就要缩短,反之坡度越缓,集流坡面长度就要增加.  相似文献   

Cloning, functional expression, and characterization of cystatin in sesame seed     

Shyu DJ  Chou WM  Yiu TJ  Lin CP  Tzen JT 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(5):1350-1356

A cDNA fragment encoding cystatin, a cysteine protease inhibitor, was obtained from maturing sesame seeds. The clone was constructed in a nonfusion or fusion vector and then overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant cystatins were found in the soluble fraction of cell extract and were demonstrated to be functionally active in a reverse zymographic assay. The corresponding endogenous 22 kDa cystatin of low abundance in mature seeds was purified to homogeneity via a papain-coupling affinity column and confirmed by western blotting with antibodies against the recombinant cystatin. Both endogenous and recombinant cystatin proteins showed effective inhibitory activities against papain with K(i) values of 7.89 x 10(-8) M and 2.77 x 10(-8) M, respectively. Immunodetection indicated that cystatin was specifically expressed in maturing seeds and rapidly degraded in germination. Accordingly, zymographic and inhibition analyses showed that sesame cystatin could not inhibit the de novo synthesized proteases in germinating seeds. It is suggested that sesame cystatin may play a role in the regulation of endogenous cysteine proteases during seed maturation and germination.  相似文献   

梨眼天牛的生物学特性观察及其防治     

许畴  杨正德  贺永乾 《西北林学院学报》2007,22(5):109-110

梨眼天牛(Bacchisa Fortunei)在宁夏彭阳2 a发生1代,以老熟幼虫在枝条内越冬,以幼虫危害本质部、韧皮部.翌年4月上旬开始危害,5月下旬至6月上中旬成虫羽化、交配、产卵.幼虫孵化后在皮下取食危害.对该虫可采用捕捉成虫、刮除虫卵、用铁丝刺杀幼虫、虫道注药的方法防治.掌握了该害虫的生活史、生活习性、危害症状,为准确、有效防治提供了科学依据.  相似文献   

红皮云杉嫩枝扦插繁殖技术的研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

周显昌  李希才 《林业科技》1995,20(5):1-4

本文描述了红皮云杉嫩枝扦插繁殖技术。通过试验筛选出１种适合于红皮云杉嫩枝扦插的基质（插壤），２种使生根率达９８％且根系发育良好的生根剂。同时，提出了把握扦播时机，合理运用生根剂浓度及处理时间的方法和技术措施。  相似文献   

谷子基本核型的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

周翔  孙培业 《中国农业科学》1989,22(6):30-37

 我们对具有代表性的10个谷子品种进行了核型分析，综合这些核型特征提出了一个谷子基本核型模式图：K（2n）=2x=18=16m+2st（SAT）。这对解决细胞学图与传统的表示基因定位的遗传学图往往不甚符合的矛盾，是有参考价值的。  相似文献   

Dietary habits of grazers influence their suitability as biological controls of fouling macroalgae in ex situ mariculture     

Chin Soon Lionel Ng  Tai Chong Toh  Kok Ben Toh  James Guest  Loke Ming Chou 《Aquaculture Research》2014,45(11):1852-1860

The dietary habits of the sea urchin Salmacis sphaeroides and the gastropod Trochus maculatus in ex situ mariculture were examined. Fouling algal assemblages on terracotta tiles were exposed to the grazers and compared. Except for Day 0, the assemblages on Days 2, 13 and 27 differed significantly across treatments. S. sphaeroides rapidly consumed most algae, leaving an assemblage dominated by turf algae and bare tile. T. maculatus primarily fed on green filamentous algae, resulting in an even distribution of other algal functional groups, while control tiles were dominated by green filamentous algae. Using three representative fouling algae species (Bryopsis corymbosa, Hypnea spinella and Lobophora variegata), the consumption rates of both grazers and dietary preferences of S. sphaeroides were examined through a single‐diet and a choice experiment respectively. The single‐diet experiment revealed differential algal consumption rates for S. sphaeroides (H. spinella = B. corymbosa > L. variegata) and T. maculatus (B. corymbosa > H. spinella = L. variegata). The choice experiment showed that S. sphaeroides preferred H. spinella over the other two species. These experiments highlighted the importance of understanding the dietary habits of grazers as this has direct implications on their effectiveness as biological controls of fouling macroalgae in mariculture.  相似文献   

模糊数学在草原害虫药剂防治效果评判中的应用研究     

贺达汉  田畴  马长青  刘党平  刘广珍  李克智 《植物保护学报》1991,18(4):363-369

草原害虫药剂防治受多种环境因子的影响,以单一的害虫死亡率所反映的试验结果在实际应用中多受限制。本文以牧草害虫——白茨粗角萤叶甲为防治对象,以植被、害虫、天敌、成本四大方面的影响效应选取8项评判指标,采用综合评判、加权海明距离等模糊数学方法,对5种农药12项处理的防治效果进行评判。结果表明,采用2.5％敌杀死,5毫升/亩;40％双效菊酯,5毫升/亩;20％杀灭菊酯,10毫升/亩进行超低容量喷雾,具有较好的综合效果。  相似文献