Risk factors for Salmonella seroconversion of fattening pigs in farrow-to-finish herds     

Beloeil PA  Chauvin C  Proux K  Fablet C  Madec F  Alioum A 《Veterinary research》2007,38(6):835-848

We did a prospective observational 9-month long study to quantify risk factors of managerial and hygiene practices, and pig-health status for Salmonella seroconversion of fattening pigs reared in subclinically infected French farrow-to-finish farms. During the fattening phase, 2,649 pigs belonging to the same batch of contemporary pigs, from 89 conventional farrow-to-finish farms were individually followed and regularly blood sampled on a monthly basis. Farm recruitment was based on the farmer's willingness to cooperate. Pig status was assessed using an indirect ELISA test. Evolution of the serological status was studied by means of survival analysis. A Cox proportional-hazards model, taking into account the clustering of animals at the farm level, was used to examine the effects of explanatory variables on the time to Salmonella seroconversion of pigs. Applying group level antibiotic treatment to the pigs during the fattening period (Hazard Ratio (HR) = 2.4; 95% CI: 1.7, 3.4) was identified as a risk factor for Salmonella seroconversion, as the presence of residual Salmonella contamination in the fattening pen before placing the pigs into the pens (HR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.2, 2.9). Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) seropositivity during the fattening period also indicated an increased hazard for seroconversion (HR = 1.6; 95% CI: 1.1, 2.5). The batch size was identified as a risk factor for Salmonella seroconversion: the higher the number of pigs was in the fattening room followed, the higher was the risk (HR(+10 pigs) = 1.05 for a 10-pig increment; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.06). The biosecurity measures of wearing specific clothes before entering the facilities (HR = 0.5; 95% CI: 0.3, 0.9) and enclosing the pig farm facilities were protective (HR = 0.4; 95% CI: 0.2, 0.8).  相似文献   

Myocardial fibrosis in a horse with polymorphic ventricular tachycardia observed during general anesthesia     

Coudry V  Jean D  Desbois C  Tnibar A  Laugier C  George C 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2007,48(6):623-626

Ventricular dysrhythmias are more commonly associated with myocardial disease than are supraventricular dysrhythmias. Management of arrhythmias under general anesthesia is difficult because of the dysrhythmogenic effects of the anesthetic drugs. This report describes a severe ventricular dysrhythmia observed in a pony under general anesthesia, with a severe and old myocardial fibrosis found on postmortem examination.  相似文献   

Community-associated MRSA SCCmec type IVd in Irish equids     

Maeda Y  Millar BC  Loughrey A  Goldsmith CE  Rooney PJ  Moore JE  Rao J  Buckley T  Egan C  Dooley JS  Lowery CJ  Matsuda M 《The Veterinary record》2007,161(1):35-36

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Evaluation of the use of subcutaneous implantable vascular access ports in feline blood donors     

Morrison JA  Lauer SK  Baldwin CJ  Evans RB  Andreasen CB  Kinyon JM  Swanson E 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2007,230(6):855-861

OBJECTIVE:To compare the ease and effects of collecting blood from cats by use of subcutaneous totally implantable vascular access ports (VAPs) with collection via conventional jugular phlebotomy. DESIGN: Prospective randomized experimental study. ANIMALS: 8 healthy cats. PROCEDURES: Cats in the port group (n = 4) underwent monthly blood donation by use of VAPs and manual restraint, and cats in the nonport group (4) underwent monthly blood donation by use of conventional jugular phlebotomy and sedation, for 6 months. RESULTS: Postsurgical VAP-related complications developed in 3 cats and included port erosion (n = 1), disconnection of the port from the catheter (1), and seroma formation (1). Blood was successfully collected 24 of 24 and 20 of 20 times in the nonport and port groups, respectively. Results of bacterial culture of blood were negative in 22 of 24 and 15 of 20 nonport and port collections, respectively. No differences in RBC morphology were observed between groups. Mean blood collection and total donation times were significantly longer for the nonport group. Collection time was more variable in the nonport group, and cats were less tolerant of handling during venipuncture, compared with cats in the port group. Blood collection required a mean of 2.4 persons for the nonport group and 2.1 persons for the port group. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Positive results for blood collections via VAPs were increased donor acceptance, decreased number of personnel required, and decreased collection time. Drawbacks included contamination of blood products and port-related complications.  相似文献   

Cardiopulmonary effects of administration of a combination solution of xylazine, guaifenesin, and ketamine or inhaled isoflurane in mechanically ventilated calves     

Kerr CL  Windeyer C  Bouré LP  Mirakhur KK  McDonell W 《American journal of veterinary research》2007,68(12):1287-1293

OBJECTIVE: To compare the cardiopulmonary effects of administration of a solution of xylazine, guaifenesin, and ketamine (XGK) or inhaled isoflurane in mechanically ventilated calves undergoing surgery. ANIMALS: 13 male calves 2 to 26 days of age. Procedures-In calves in the XGK group, anesthesia was induced (0.5 mL/kg) and maintained (2.5 mL/kg/h) with a combination solution of xylazine (0.1 mg/mL), guaifenesin (50 mg/mL), and ketamine (1.0 mg/mL). For calves in the isoflurane group, anesthesia was induced and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. The rates of XGK infusion and isoflurane administration were adjusted to achieve suitable anesthetic depth. All calves received 100% oxygen and were mechanically ventilated to maintain end-tidal carbon dioxide concentrations from 35 to 40 mm Hg and underwent laparoscopic bladder surgery through an abdominal approach. Cardiopulmonary variables were measured before induction and at intervals up to 90 minutes after anesthetic induction. RESULTS: The quality of induction was excellent in all calves. The XGK requirements were 0.57 +/- 0.18 mL/kg and 2.70 +/- 0.40 mL/kg/h to induce and maintain anesthesia, respectively. Heart rate was significantly lower than baseline throughout the anesthetic period in the XGK group. Systolic arterial blood pressure was significantly higher in the XGK group, compared with the isoflurane group, from 5 to 90 minutes. Cardiac index was lower than baseline in both groups. Differences between groups in cardiac index and arterial blood gas values were not significant. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Administration of XGK resulted in excellent anesthetic induction and maintenance with cardiopulmonary alterations similar to those associated with isoflurane in mechanically ventilated calves.  相似文献   

Bartonella henselae infection in splenectomized domestic cats previously infected with hemotropic Mycoplasma species     

Sykes JE  Henn JB  Kasten RW  Allen C  Chomel BB 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2007,116(1-2):104-108

Cat scratch disease is caused by Bartonella henselae and the domestic cat represents its main reservoir. In immunocompromised patients, infection with B. henselae is characterized by more severe clinical forms than in non-immunocompromised individuals. The objective of the present study was to investigate the characteristics of B. henselae (Houston-I strain) infection in four splenectomized and three non-splenectomized cats, five of which were chronically infected with 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum'. No major clinical signs were observed in either group of cats. Cats in both splenectomized and non-splenectomized groups became bacteremic within a week post-inoculation. Although bacteremia was on average 10 days longer in the splenectomized cats, that difference was not statistically significant (P=0.72). In both groups, the level of bacteremia peaked within the same time frame; however, the level of bacteremia was about 10-fold higher in the splenectomized cats (P=0.007). Such a difference could be associated with a reduced immune response to the infection, especially a reduced ability to phagocytize Bartonella organisms in the splenectomized cats. Concurrent infection with 'Candidatus M. haemominutum' did not appear to alter the course of infection.  相似文献   

Measuring the photostability of agrochemicals on leaves: understanding the balance between loss processes and foliar uptake     

Maddalena Bronzato  Adam Burriss  Nikita King  Claire Donaldson  Danielle Sayer  Christopher M. Baker 《Pest management science》2023,79(9):3114-3121

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Landscape diversity enhances the resilience of populations,ecosystems and local economy in rural areas     

Peter Schippers  C. Martijn van der Heide  Hans Peter Koelewijn  Marleen A. H. Schouten  René M. J. M. Smulders  Marleen M. P. Cobben  Marjolein Sterk  Claire C. Vos  Jana Verboom 《Landscape Ecology》2015,30(2):193-202

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Retrospective evaluation of xylitol ingestion in dogs: 192 cases (2007–2012)          下载免费PDF全文

Meghan R. DuHadway DVM  DACVECC  Claire R. Sharp BSc  BVMS  DACVECC  Katherine E. Meyers VMD  Amy M. Koenigshof DVM  MS  DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2015,25(5):646-654

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Significant suppression of invasive emerald ash borer by introduced parasitoids: potential for North American ash recovery     

Duan  Jian J.  Van Driesche  Roy G.  Schmude  Jonathan  Crandall  Ryan  Rutlege  Claire  Quinn  Nicole  Slager  Benjamin H.  Gould  Juli R.  Elkinton  Joseph S. 《Journal of pest science》2022,95(3):1081-1090

Journal of Pest Science - Successful management of invasive forest pests with sustainable approaches, such as biological control, is critical to the restoration of the affected or damaged forest...  相似文献