Matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 activity in bovine synovial fluids     

Arican M  Coughlan AR  Clegg PD  Carter SD 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2000,47(8):449-456

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are important enzymes found in connective tissues and thought to be involved in cartilage degradation. They are detectable in bovine synovial fluid and may play a destructive role in bovine septic arthritis. The MMP gelatinase enzymes were detected by gelatin zymography using image analysis of the gels. The active gelatinase levels were determined by a gelatin degradation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Increased concentrations of MMP-9 activity were found in the synovial fluids of cows with septic arthritis (P < 0.001) in comparison with fluids from normal joints. Using the gelatin degradation ELISA the net active gelatinases were measured, and significant increases were found in gelatinase bioactivities in synovial fluids from septic joint disease cases (P < 0.001). Increased concentrations of MMP-2 activity were found in the synovial fluids of cows with aseptic arthritis, which appeared to be playing an important role in degradation of articular cartilage in joint disease. This finding required further investigation.  相似文献   

Science in brief: Report on the Havemeyer Foundation workshop on equine musculoskeletal biomarkers – current knowledge and future needs     

C. W. McIlwraith  P. D. Clegg 《Equine veterinary journal》2014,46(6):651-653

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Cyclic variation and solar forcing of Holocene climate in the Alaskan subarctic   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Hu FS  Kaufman D  Yoneji S  Nelson D  Shemesh A  Huang Y  Tian J  Bond G  Clegg B  Brown T 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,301(5641):1890-1893

High-resolution analyses of lake sediment from southwestern Alaska reveal cyclic variations in climate and ecosystems during the Holocene. These variations occurred with periodicities similar to those of solar activity and appear to be coherent with time series of the cosmogenic nuclides 14C and 10Be as well as North Atlantic drift ice. Our results imply that small variations in solar irradiance induced pronounced cyclic changes in northern high-latitude environments. They also provide evidence that centennial-scale shifts in the Holocene climate were similar between the subpolar regions of the North Atlantic and North Pacific, possibly because of Sun-ocean-climate linkages.  相似文献   

Parallel stranded DNA   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

J H van de Sande  N B Ramsing  M W Germann  W Elhorst  B W Kalisch  E von Kitzing  R T Pon  R C Clegg  T M Jovin 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1988,241(4865):551-557

A series of four hairpin deoxyoligonucleotides was synthesized with a four-nucleotide central loop (either C or G) flanked by the complementary sequences d(T)10 and d(A)10. Two of the molecules contain either a 3'-p-3' or 5'-p-5' linkage in the loop, so that the strands in the stem have the same, that is, parallel (ps) polarity. The pair of reference oligonucleotides have normal phosphodiester linkages throughout and antiparallel (aps) stem regions. All the molecules adopt a duplex helical structure in that (i) the electrophoretic mobilities in polyacrylamide gels of the ps and aps oligomers are similar. (ii) The ps hairpins are substrates for T4 polynucleotide kinase, T4 DNA ligase, and Escherichia coli exonuclease III. (iii) Salt-dependent thermal transitions are observed for all hairpins, but the ps molecules denature 10 degrees C lower than the corresponding aps oligomers. (iv) The ultraviolet absorption and circular dichroism spectra are indicative of a base-paired duplex in the stems of the ps hairpins but differ systematically from those of the aps counterparts. (v) The bis-benzimidazole drug Hoechst-33258, which binds in the minor groove of B-DNA, exhibits very little fluorescence in the presence of the ps hairpins but a normal, enhanced emission with the aps oligonucleotides. In contrast, the intercalator ethidium bromide forms a strongly fluorescent complex with all hairpins, the intensity of which is even higher for the ps species. (vi) The pattern of chemical methylation is the same for both the ps and aps hairpins. The combined results are consistent with the prediction from force field analysis of a parallel stranded right-handed helical form of d(A)n.d(T)n with a secondary structure involving reverse Watson-Crick base pairs and a stability not significantly different from that of the B-DNA double helix. Models of the various hairpins optimized with force field calculations are described.  相似文献   

Why conservationists should heed Pokémon     

Balmford A  Clegg L  Coulson T  Taylor J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,295(5564):2367

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Comparison of a direct ELISA and an HPLC method for glyphosate determinations in water   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Rubio F  Veldhuis LJ  Clegg BS  Fleeker JR  Hall JC 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(3):691-696

A competitive direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and high-pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC) methods were compared in terms of accuracy and precision for the detection and quantification of glyphosate-spiked Nanopure, tap, and river waters. The ELISA had a detection limit of 0.6 ng mL(-)(1) and a linear working range of 1-25 ng mL(-)(1), whereas the HPLC method had a detection limit of 50 ng mL(-)(1) and a linear working range of 100-10000 ng mL(-)(l). No statistically significant differences (95% confidence interval) were found between the ELISA and HPLC analysis of the three water matrixes. The coefficients of variation obtained with the ELISA in tap water were between 10 and 19%, whereas the coefficients of variation for the HPLC analysis were between 7 and 15%. The use of ELISA for the analysis of glyphosate in water is a cost-effective and reliable method capable of meeting water quality guidelines established for Europe and North America.  相似文献   

Impact of the national full herd depopulation policy on the recurrence of bovine tuberculosis in Irish herds, 2003 to 2005     

Good M  Clegg TA  Duignan A  More SJ 《The Veterinary record》2011,169(22):581

This study evaluated the impact of the Irish herd bovine tuberculosis (bTB) depopulation policy (depopulation, disinfection, contiguous testing and local badger removal where implicated) on the recurrence of bTB infection, by comparing the future risk in restocked herds following depopulation for either bTB or bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) during 2003 to 2005. Each herd was assigned a 'previous bTB risk', based on bTB history during the five years before depopulation. Future bTB risk was estimated, using a multivariable Cox proportional hazard model for time-to-breakdown for each study herd, to identify risk factors associated with bTB. Future bTB risk varied significantly by reason for depopulation and previous bTB risk. Herds depopulated for bTB (by definition, at high bTB risk) were not significantly different from BSE herds with no or a low previous bTB risk. BSE herds with a high previous bTB risk were found to be at significantly greater future bTB risk. Herd bTB depopulation measures, as currently applied in Ireland, are shown to be effective in enabling herds to attain and retain bTB freedom following restocking. Based on the data presented, and consistent with current knowledge of the bTB epidemiology, local badger removal contributes to efforts to limit recurrence of bTB in Ireland.  相似文献   

Risk factors associated with Johne's disease test status in dairy herds in Ireland     

Barrett DJ  Mee JF  Mullowney P  Good M  McGrath G  Clegg T  More SJ 《The Veterinary record》2011,168(15):410

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Musculoskeletal disease and injury, now and in the future. Part 1: fractures and fatalities     

Clegg PD 《Equine veterinary journal》2011,43(6):643-649

Orthopaedic injury is common in the racing Thoroughbred and is a cause of both economic loss to the industry, as well as being an obvious welfare issue. Fatal injuries sustained during racing are an obvious major concern and it is important that all is done to reduce their frequency. As a consequence of the importance of these causes of horse morbidity and mortality, the Horserace Betting Levy Board in the UK has invested considerable resources into research in recent years in this area in an attempt to decrease the frequency of such injuries. This review summarises current knowledge relating to epidemiological investigations relating to fractures, falling and fatalities in the racing Thoroughbred. Studies identify the importance of track surface conditions, the importance of pre-existing orthopaedic pathology, as well as issues relating to the horse's past training and racing experience as important determinants of both injury and death. Such findings can now be used to develop interventions to reduce racehorse injury and death for the benefit of both the industry and the horse.  相似文献   

Evidence-Based Medicine and Stem Cell Therapy: How Do We Know Such Technologies are Safe and Efficacious?     

Peter D. Clegg MA  Vet MB  PhD  Gina L. Pinchbeck BVSc  PhD 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice》2011,27(2):373-382

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