Failure to detect transmission of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from orally dosed nannies to sucking kids at foot     

La Ragione RM  Ahmed NM  Best A  Clifford D  Weyer U  Woodward MJ 《The Veterinary record》2005,157(21):659-661

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Reductive and oxidative metabolism of triazolylmethanes by two basidiomycete fungi     

A.H.B. Deas  D.R. Clifford 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1984,22(3):276-284

The metabolism of [¹⁴C]triadimefon, triadimenol, diclobutrazol, and the oxo-analogue of diclobutrazol by the basidiomycete fungi Coriolus versicolor and Rhizoctonia solani was studied. Reduction of >C = 0 to >CHOH (activation) was more important for triadimefon than oxo-diclobutrazol. Conversely, oxidation of >CHOH to >C = 0 (deactivation) occurred to a greater extent with diclobutrazol than triadimenol. Formation of primary alcohol metabolites, a possible detoxication route, occurred more with diclobutrazol and its oxo-analogue than with triadimefon and triadimenol. The implications of the reduction/oxidation processes and primary alcohol formation on fungitoxicity of the applied triazolymethane are discussed. The enantiomeric composition of metabolically produced triadimenol is discussed in relation to the in vitro activity of triadimefon supplied against each fungus.  相似文献   

RADIOGRAPHS PRESENTED AS PART OF THE 1994 A.C.V.R. ORAL CERTIFICATION EXAM*     

Michael Walker  Clifford Honnas  Patricia Hogan 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1995,36(2):112-112

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Diet modulates proteinuria in heterozygous female dogs with X-linked hereditary nephropathy     

Burkholder WJ  Lees GE  LeBlanc AK  Slater MR  Bauer JE  Kashtan CE  McCracken BA  Hannah SS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2004,18(2):165-175

Young adult heterozygous (carrier) female dogs with X-linked hereditary nephropathy (XLHN) have glomerular proteinuria but are otherwise healthy. Because data regarding dietary influences on the magnitude of proteinuria in dogs with spontaneous glomerular disease are not available, 12 such dogs were studied in a double crossover experiment intended to determine effects of altering dietary protein intake for up to 6 weeks. Dogs were blocked by urine protein : creatinine ratio (UPC) and randomly assigned to receive 2 diets: high protein (34.6% dry matter [DM], HP) or low protein (14.1% DM, LP) fed in HP-LP-HP or LP-HP-LP sequence. Food intake was measured daily, body weight (BW) was measured twice weekly, and UPC, plasma creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, phosphorus, albumin, and protein concentrations were measured at 2-week intervals. Nutrient digestibility was measured during the third treatment period. Diet had a significant effect (P < .0001) on all measured variables except plasma phosphorus (P > .5), but unintended differences in digestibility of protein and energy (P < or = .01) prevented assignment of the diet effect exclusively to protein. Proteinuria was greater (UPC 4.7 +/- 2.2 versus 1.8 +/- 1.1, P < .0001) when the HP diet was fed, but the LP diet did not maintain starting BW or plasma albumin concentration within the normal reference range. Diet greatly affects the magnitude of proteinuria in XLHN carrier females. Dietary protein restriction can reduce proteinuria in dogs with glomerular disease, but BW and blood protein concentrations may not be maintained if the restriction is too severe.  相似文献   

Intravenous and subcutaneous pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in sheep     

Lane VM  Villarroel A  Wetzlich SE  Wetzlich S  Clifford A  Taylor I  Craigmill AL 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2004,27(4):191-196

Pharmacokinetic parameters of florfenicol were determined in 10 adult sheep (five wethers and five ewes) after a single 40 mg/kg intravenous (i.v.) dose, and three daily subcutaneous (s.c.) doses of 40 mg/kg of a commercial preparation (Nuflor((R))). The concentration of florfenicol in serum samples was assayed using a proprietary HPLC assay method, and pharmacokinetic parameters derived for individual animal data by each route using compartmental and noncompartmental approaches. Two animals (one male and one female) were excluded due to observed i.v. dosing problems, and a biexponential model was found to fit the i.v. data well for six of the other eight animals. Data from two males showed prolonged low concentrations of florfenicol in serum and were better fit by a three-compartment model. The mean +/- SD for the half-lives of the distribution and elimination phases for the six sheep best fit with a two-compartment model were 0.069 +/- 0.018 and 1.01 +/- 0.09 h respectively, and for the V(d(ss)) and clearances were 0.503 +/- 0.035 L/kg and 366 +/- 53 mL/h/kg respectively. The data collected during the s.c. multiple dose study were analyzed using noncompartmental methods only. The bioavailability (F%) after s.c. dosing was calculated in three ways to compare estimation methods as steady-state had not been reached and single dose s.c. data were not obtained past 24 h. Using the AUC(0--24) and AUC(0--> infinity ) from the first dose, the F% values averaged 27 and 40% respectively. Using the AUC(0--> infinity ) for all doses, the F% was 65%. Calculations of the mean time during which the serum concentration exceeded 0.5 and 1.0 microg/mL were 105 +/- 3.9 and 74.7 +/- 12.2 h respectively.  相似文献   

Radiographic evaluation of the Zurich cementless total hip acetabular component     

Hanson SP  Peck JN  Berry CR  Graham J  Stevens G 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2006,35(6):550-558

OBJECTIVE: To radiographically evaluate the Zurich cementless total hip (ZCTH) cup and correlate lucency with clinical signs of implant instability, time since surgery, and implant generation, using zonal analysis. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: Client-owned dogs (n = 53). METHODS: Radiographs of dogs that had ZCTH arthroplasty (>1 year) were evaluated using zonal analysis, for lucency surrounding the cup-bone interface (number of zones, length, area). Dogs were examined for clinical signs of implant instability (lameness, hip pain). Lucency was correlated with lameness, time after surgery, and implant generation. RESULTS: Radiographs of 68 implants (18 generation I, 50 generation II) were evaluated. Eight dogs were lame (11.8%). Dogs with lameness were more likely to have lucency in > or =2 zones of analysis (per view), have >2 times the average curvilinear length of lucency, and have >4 times the average area of lucency surrounding the implant compared with non-lame dogs. A weak relationship was observed between time after surgery and implant generation; however, there was no relationship between time after surgery and lucency. CONCLUSIONS: Dogs with lameness after ZCTH arthroplasty were more likely to have lucency at the cup-bone interface. Lucency was better evaluated by radiographic projection than zonal analysis. Temporal progression of lucency was weakly correlated with implant generation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Dogs with lucency in > or =2 zones of analysis should be evaluated more frequently for clinical signs of implant loosening. Further investigation of serial radiographs after ZCTH arthroplasty is warranted.  相似文献   

Aquaculture in offshore zones     

Goudey CA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,314(5807):1875-6; author reply 1875-6

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Immunological variation between inbred laboratory mouse strains: points to consider in phenotyping genetically immunomodified mice     

Sellers RS  Clifford CB  Treuting PM  Brayton C 《Veterinary pathology》2012,49(1):32-43

Inbred laboratory mouse strains are highly divergent in their immune response patterns as a result of genetic mutations and polymorphisms. The generation of genetically engineered mice (GEM) has, in the past, used embryonic stem (ES) cells for gene targeting from various 129 substrains followed by backcrossing into more fecund mouse strains. Although common inbred mice are considered "immune competent," many have variations in their immune system-some of which have been described-that may affect the phenotype. Recognition of these immune variations among commonly used inbred mouse strains is essential for the accurate interpretation of expected phenotypes or those that may arise unexpectedly. In GEM developed to study specific components of the immune system, accurate evaluation of immune responses must take into consideration not only the gene of interest but also how the background strain and microbial milieu contribute to the manifestation of findings in these mice. This article discusses points to consider regarding immunological differences between the common inbred laboratory mouse strains, particularly in their use as background strains in GEM.  相似文献   

Evaluation of lidocaine treatment on frequency of cardiac arrhythmias,acute kidney injury,and hospitalization time in dogs with gastric dilatation volvulus     

Yaron Bruchim DVM  Srugo Itay DVM  Ben‐Halevy Shira DVM  Efrat Kelmer DVM  MS  DACVECC  Yudelecitch Sigal DVM  DECVS  Aroch Itamar DVM  DECVIM‐CA  Segev Gilad DVM  DECVIM‐CA 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2012,22(4):419-427

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ULTRASOUND APPEARANCE OF THE OUTER MEDULLA IN DOGS WITHOUT RENAL DYSFUNCTION     

Daniel Vander Hart  Matthew D. Winter  Julie Conway  Clifford R. Berry 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2013,54(6):652-658

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