Prevalence of Cysticercus bovis in Australian cattle     

BHG Pearse  RJ Traub  A Davis  R Cobbold  PB Vanderlinde 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(7):260-262

Objective The first national abattoir survey of Cysticercus bovis (‘beef measles’) in cattle was conducted in February 2008. Methods During the data collection period, 493,316 cattle were subjected to standard postmortem procedures, including incision of the masseter and heart muscles. On-site veterinarians were asked to record the location of any C. bovis cysts, as well as the National Livestock Identification System ear tag numbers of infected animals. Veterinarians were asked to submit samples for laboratory confirmation by histology and polymerase chain reaction testing. Results Of the 23 samples submitted, none was positive for C. bovis by either diagnostic method. Conclusions Occasional, isolated diagnoses of beef measles are still made in most states of Australia, but since the last regional surveys were conducted 30 years ago, when the estimated prevalence was 50 to 200 per 100,000 cattle slaughtered, the parasite has become extremely rare.  相似文献   

Medicine. Stopping the stones     

Coe FL  Asplin JR 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2010,330(6002):325-326

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Development and validation of an instrument for measuring appointment-specific client satisfaction in companion-animal practice     

J.B. Coe  C.L. Adams  K. Eva  S. Desmarais  B.N. Bonnett 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2010,93(2-3):201-210

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Analysis of solicitation of client concerns in companion animal practice     

Dysart LM  Coe JB  Adams CL 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2011,238(12):1609-1615

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Isolation,partial purification and characterization of a potato peel ∞-solanine cleaving glycosidase     

A. A. Bushway  RJ. Bushway  C. H. Kim 《American Journal of Potato Research》1990,67(4):233-238

An enzyme which hydrolyzes the rhamnose from ∞-solanine was isolated and partially purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation from the peels of Kennebec and Wauseon potatoes. Enzyme activity was found to be present in the 60 to 80% ammonium sulfate fraction. Enzyme activity was increased by the use of non-ionic detergents with a mixture of Triton X-100:Triton CF-54 (2:1, w/w) providing the greatest increase in activity. The pH optimum for the rhamnosidase for both varieties was found to be 6.0 while of the temperatures evaluated 42 °C was the optimum temperature. The effect of substrate concentration on enzyme activity was determined for both varieties and the Vmax and Km were calculated from Lineweaver-Burke double reciprocal plots. The Vmax and Km for the Kennebec and Wauseon rhamnosidases were found to be 0.27 mg/ml and 5.4 x 10^-4 M and 0.48 mg/ml and 8.2 x 10^-4 M, respectively.  相似文献   

The effect of exposure to a delta cya/delta crp mutant of Salmonella typhimurium on the subsequent colonization of swine by the wild-type parent strain.     

N E Coe  R L Wood 《Veterinary microbiology》1992,31(2-3):207-220

This study characterizes the clinical response and colonization pattern of caesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived swine exposed to a delta cya/delta crp mutant (chi 4233) of S. typhimurium and challenged with the wild-type parent strain. chi 4233 was mildly virulent in swine and induced transient fever and soft stools. Chi 4233 colonized the ileum, cecum, liver, spleen, tonsils, and mandibular and ileocolic lymph nodes of swine in a manner similar to the parental wild-type, but the numbers of S. typhimurium (chi 4233) in the ileum were 100- to 1000-fold less than those of pigs exposed to the parental wild-type. Pigs exposed to chi 4233 21 days before parental wild-type challenge demonstrated a milder clinical response to challenge than did pigs that did not receive chi 4233. The wild-type populations in the ilea of chi 4233-exposed pigs after challenge were 100- to 10,000-fold less than those in pigs not receiving chi 4233. The liver, spleen, and ileocolic lymph nodes were cleared of wild-type S. typhimurium more quickly after challenge in chi 4233-exposed pigs. The populations of chi 4233 in the ilea of exposed pigs after wild-type challenge were also less than would have been expected in unchallenged pigs. Thus, exposure of swine to a delta cya/delta crp mutant of S. typhimurium modulated the subsequent response to parental wild-type challenge and reduced carrier populations of wild-type S. typhimurium in infected swine.  相似文献   

Fertility of sows mated on different days of the week     

RJ LOVE  MR WILSON† 《Australian veterinary journal》1990,67(1):1-3

The farrowing rates resulting from matings on different days of the week were determined for a 2800-sow intensive piggery in both 1983 and 1984. The results showed that sows mated early in the week achieved a significantly higher farrowing rate than sows mated late in the week (P less than 0.0001). During the seasonal (summer to autumn) infertility period, Wednesday matings resulted in a poor farrowing rate whereas for the rest of the year farrowing rates following Wednesday matings were similar to those for Sunday Monday and Tuesday matings. Consistent results were obtained for data from both years. It is proposed that the stress of regrouping unmated sows on Wednesday to accommodate newly weaned sows is responsible for this decrease in fertility. This study illustrates how detailed analysis of farrowing rates on a day of mating basis can identify a problem which is otherwise masked by weekly data.  相似文献   

The comparative pathogenicity of four serovars of Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) pleuropneumoniae   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

RJ ROGERS  LE EAVES  PJ BLACKALL  KF TRUMAN 《Australian veterinary journal》1990,67(1):9-12

The pathogenicity of 2 isolates of each of serovars 7, 3, 1 and 2 of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae was tested by intranasal inoculation into 60, 6-week-old large white pigs. Four dose rates varying from 0.27 to 560 x 10(6) organisms per pig with 10-fold serial dilutions were used. Surviving pigs were necropsied 7 days after inoculation. The proportion of pigs dying and developing gross lesions following infection was significantly greater for pigs given serotype 1 than for each of the other 3 serotypes, which did not differ significantly from each other. Twelve of 16 pigs given either of the 2 isolates of serovar 1 died after acute illness and 1 of 44 pigs given either of the 2 isolates each of serovars 7, 3 and 2 died. Pigs given serovar 1 showed high temperatures, severe respiratory distress, frothy haemorrhagic nasal discharge and weight loss. Lung lesions were produced in all 16 pigs given serovar 1, in 7 of 14 pigs given serovar 7, 7 of 14 pigs receiving serovar 3 and in 5 of 16 pigs given serovar 2. The lethal infections were characterised by a severe acute fibrinohaemorrhagic necrotising pleuropneumonia, whereas non-lethal cases had lung lesions ranging from necrotising purulent pleuropneumonia to abscessation. Significant differences between isolates in proportions of tissues culture positive for A. pleuropneumoniae for serovars 7 and 2, but not for serovars 3 and 1 suggested that isolates may vary in virulence within serovars, but more detailed studies are needed to clarify this point.  相似文献   

Rings versus knife for docking and castration of lambs     

DJ MELLOR  RJ HOLMES † 《Australian veterinary journal》1988,65(12):403-404

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Experimental evidence that tryptamine alkaloids do not cause Phalaris aquatica sudden death syndrome in sheep     

CA BOURKE  MJ CARRIGAN  RJ DIXON† 《Australian veterinary journal》1988,65(7):218-220

The acute toxicity for sheep of 3 alkaloids that occur in Phalaris acquatica was examined by intravenous and oral administration. The lowest tested dose rates that produced clinically observed signs were, for 5-methoxy dimethyltryptamine, 0.1 mg/kg body weight intravenously and 40 mg/kg orally; for gramine, 10 mg/kg intravenously and 500 mg/kg orally; and for hordenine, 20 mg/kg intravenously and 800 mg/kg orally. All induced the clinical signs observed in the nervous form of phalaris toxicity, but none induced the cardiac, sudden death, syndrome.  相似文献