MG-132, an inhibitor of proteasomes and calpains,induced inhibition of oocyte maturation and aneuploidy in mouse oocytes     

Mailhes JB  Hilliard C  Lowery M  London SN 《Cell & chromosome》2002,1(1):2

BACKGROUND: Although chromosome missegregation during oocyte maturation (OM) is a significant contributor to human morbidity and mortality, very little is known about the causes and mechanisms of aneuploidy. Several investigators have proposed that temporal perturbations during OM predispose oocytes to aberrant chromosome segregation. One approach for testing this proposal is to temporarily inhibit the activity of protein proteolysis during OM. We used the reversible proteasome inhibitor MG-132 to transiently perturb the temporal sequence of events during OM and subsequently analyzed mouse metaphase II (MII) for cytogenetic abnormalities. The transient inhibition of proteasome activity by MG-132 resulted in elevated levels of oocytes containing extra chromatids and chromosomes. RESULTS: The transient inhibition of proteasome-mediated proteolysis during OM by MG-132 resulted in dose-response delays during OM and elevated levels of aneuploid MII oocytes. Oocytes exposed in vitro to MG-132 exhibited greater delays during metaphase I (MI) as demonstrated by significantly (p < 0.01) higher levels of MI arrested oocytes and lower frequencies of premature sister chromatid separation in MII oocytes. Furthermore, the proportions of MII oocytes containing single chromatids and extra chromosomes significantly (p < 0.01) increased with MG-132 dosage. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the MG-132-induced transient delay of proteasomal activity during mouse OM in vitro predisposed oocytes to abnormal chromosome segregation. Although these findings support a relationship between disturbed proteasomal activity and chromosome segregation, considerable additional data are needed to further investigate the roles of proteasome-mediated proteolysis and other potential molecular mechanisms on chromosome segregation during OM.  相似文献   

Feline Langerhans cells migrate from skin and vaginal mucosa to regional lymph nodes during experimental contact sensitization with fluorescein isothiocyanate     

Isabelle Saint-AndrÉ Marchal  Jean-Pierre Martin  rÉ Kirn  Jean-Pierre Magnol  Colette Dezutter-Dambuyant  Daniel Schmitt  & Thierry Marchal 《Veterinary dermatology》1998,9(1):9-17

Recently, feline Langerhans cells (LC) were immunophenotypically characterized as CD1a+, CD4+, CD18+, CD53+ and MHC II+ cells. In mice, these cells are known to internalize antigens and to migrate to the lymph nodes (LN). In the cat, we have investigated the migration of LC from the skin and vaginal mucosa to regional LN in response to chemical exposure (fluorescein isothiocyanate). Three days after the administration of a FITC solution on the posterior limb of two male cats and in the vagina of one female, a biopsy was carried out on the draining LN of the sensitized zones. Immunostaining with monoclonal antibodies anti-CD79, anti-CD8, and antibodies recognizing LC was performed on cytospins and frozen sections of LN and showed that a majority of FITC+ cells displayed a LC immunophenotype and were localized in T-cell areas, but not in follicular areas. These results are the first evidence of migration of feline LC from skin and vaginal mucosa to the regional LN.  相似文献   

Interictal paroxysmal discharges in the electroencephalograms of epileptic dogs     

Terrell A. Holliday  D. Colette Williams 《Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice》1998,13(3):132-143

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Metabolism of isopropyl carbanilate (propham) in alfalfa grown in nutrient solution     

Ahmed A. Zurqiyah  Lowell S. Jordan  Virgil A. Jolliffe 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1976,6(1):35-45

Alfalfa plants, Moapa variety, were grown in nutrient solution containing isopropylring-[¹⁴C] carbanilate (43.8 μCi/liter propham). After 8 days, 41.2% of the radioactivity initially added to the nutrient culture was recovered; 10.9% of this was from shoots, 3.4% from roots and 26.9% from nutrient medium. Nonextracted residues accounted for 23% of the radioactivity in shoots and 62% of that in roots. The parent herbicide constituted 53 and 38% of the radioactivity extracted from shoots and roots, respectively. The balance of extracted ¹⁴C was polar metabolites which were purified and subjected to enzymatic and acid hydrolysis. Four aglycones were isolated, three of which were purified by thin-layer chromatography and characterized by mass spectrometry. The principal aglycones were: isopropyl-2-hydroxycarbanilate, isopropyl-4-hydroxycarbanilate, and 1-hydroxy-2-propylcarbanilate. The fourth aglycone was not identified.  相似文献   

Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the crop mosaic influences carabid beetles in agricultural landscapes     

Colette?BertrandEmail author  Fran?oise?Burel  Jacques?Baudry 《Landscape Ecology》2016,31(2):451-466

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In vitro evaluation of complement deposition and opsonophagocytic killing of Rhodococcus equi mediated by poly‐N‐acetyl glucosamine hyperimmune plasma compared to commercial plasma products     

Chelsea N. Folmar  Colette Cywes‐Bentley  Angela I. Bordin  Joana N. Rocha  Jocelyne M. Bray  Susanne K. Kahn  Amanda E. Schuckert  Gerald B. Pier  Noah D. Cohen 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(3):1493-1499

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Juvenile idiopathic epilepsy in Egyptian Arabian foals: 22 cases (1985-2005)     

Aleman M  Gray LC  Williams DC  Holliday TA  Madigan JE  LeCouteur RA  Magdesian KG 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2006,20(6):1443-1449

Background:Epilepsy is relatively uncommon in horses compared with other species and limited information is available.
Hypothesis:The objectives of the study were to describe the age of onset, clinical signs, clinicopathologic data, electroencephalographic findings, treatment, and outcome, including long-term prognosis in Arabian foals with idiopathic epilepsy.
Animals:Twenty-two foals were included in the study.
Materials and Methods: Medical records from 1985 to 2005 were reviewed.
Results:The age of onset of affected foals ranged from 2 days to 6 months. Seizures were characterized by generalized tonic and clonic motor activity, staring, and loss of consciousness. The most common postictal signs were transient blindness and abnormal mental status. The interictal neurologic examination was otherwise normal. Clinicopathologic data and imaging diagnostics were normal except in 4 foals that developed complications. Electroencephalography revealed epileptiform activity in 9 of 13 foals. Foals were treated with benzodiazepines for the short-term; whereas phenobarbital was used over the long-term. Potassium bromide was added in 3 foals in which seizures were multiple, frequent, and difficult to control. The long-term prognosis was favorable with cessation of seizures by 1 year of age. The most common complication was head trauma. The most common concurrent disease was pneumonia.
Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Juvenile idiopathic epilepsy of Egyptian Arabian foals has an early clinical onset but appears to be self-limiting. Information obtained from this study strongly suggests a heritable condition that merits further investigation.  相似文献   

Proteomic analysis of hen egg white   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Guérin-Dubiard C  Pasco M  Mollé D  Désert C  Croguennec T  Nau F 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(11):3901-3910

Hen egg white is an original biological fluid in which major proteins have been widely studied, unlike the minor components. In this study, two-dimensional electrophoresis associated with mass spectrometry enabled the separation of 69 protein spots and their matching with major proteins, which were already known, and with minor proteins. Sixteen proteins were identified, and among them, two had never been previously detected in hen egg white, i.e., Tenp, a protein with strong homology with a bacterial permeability-increasing protein family (BPI), and VMO-1, an outer layer vitelline membrane protein. Thirteen proteins present a very wide polymorphism (ovotransferrin, ovomucoid, clusterin, etc.), some of them up to nine isoforms (ovoinhibitor). Eleven functional protein families were identified (serpin, transferrin, protease inhibitors Kazal, glycosyl hydrolases, lipocalin, bactericidal permeability-increasing protein, clusterin, UPAR/CD59/Ly6/ snake neurotoxin, cysteine protease inhibitor, VMO-1, and folate receptor families). These various biological functions could be interesting for further valorizations. In addition, three spots remain unidentified, probably because these proteins are not yet indexed in the international protein databanks.  相似文献   

Novel online sensor technology for continuous monitoring of milk coagulation and whey separation in cheesemaking     

Fagan CC  Castillo M  Payne FA  O'Donnell CP  Leedy M  O'Callaghan DJ 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(22):8836-8844

The cheese industry has continually sought a robust method to monitor milk coagulation. Measurement of whey separation is also critical to control cheese moisture content, which affects quality. The objective of this study was to demonstrate that an online optical sensor detecting light backscatter in a vat could be applied to monitor both coagulation and syneresis during cheesemaking. A prototype sensor having a large field of view (LFV) relative to curd particle size was constructed. Temperature, cutting time, and calcium chloride addition were varied to evaluate the response of the sensor over a wide range of coagulation and syneresis rates. The LFV sensor response was related to casein micelle aggregation and curd firming during coagulation and to changes in curd moisture and whey fat contents during syneresis. The LFV sensor has potential as an online, continuous sensor technology for monitoring both coagulation and syneresis during cheesemaking.  相似文献   

Food poverty and health among schoolchildren in Ireland: findings from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study     

Molcho M  Gabhainn SN  Kelly C  Friel S  Kelleher C 《Public health nutrition》2007,10(4):364-370

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationships between food poverty and food consumption, health and life satisfaction among schoolchildren. DESIGN: Analysis of the 2002 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study, a cross-sectional survey that employs a self-completion questionnaire in a nationally representative random sample of school classrooms in the Republic of Ireland. SUBJECTS: A total of 8424 schoolchildren (aged 10-17 years) from 176 schools, with an 83% response rate from children. RESULTS: Food poverty was found to be similarly distributed among the three social classes (15.3% in the lower social classes, 15.9% in the middle social classes and 14.8% in the higher social classes). It was also found that schoolchildren reporting food poverty are less likely to eat fruits, vegetables and brown bread, odds ratio (OR) from 0.66 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.45-0.87) to 0.81 (95% CI 0.63-0.99); more likely to eat crisps, fried potatoes and hamburgers, OR from 1.20 (95% CI 1.00-1.40) to 1.62 (95% CI 1.39-1.85); and more likely to miss breakfast on weekdays, OR from 1.29 (95% CI 0.33-1.59) to 1.72 (95% CI 1.50-1.95). The risk of somatic and mental symptoms is also increased, OR from 1.48 (95% CI 1.18-1.78) to 2.57 (95% CI 2.33-2.81); as are negative health perceptions, OR from 0.63 (95% CI 0.43-0.83) to 0.52 (95% CI 0.28-0.76) and measures of life dissatisfaction, OR from 1.88 (95% CI 1.64-2.12) to 2.25 (95% CI 2.05-2.45). Similar results were found for life dissatisfaction in an international comparison of 32 countries. All analyses were adjusted for age and social class. CONCLUSIONS: Food poverty in schoolchildren is not restricted to those from lower social class families, is associated with a substantial risk to physical and mental health and well-being, and requires the increased attention of policy makers and practitioners.  相似文献